이 글의 목적은 북한이탈주민 지역사회통합 제고를 위한 지역거버넌스의 역할을 찾아보는데 있다. 북한이탈주민이 실생활하면서 남한 사회통합의 의미가 부각되는 일선이 바로 지역사회라는 점에서 이 글은 시사하는 바가 있다.
지역사회에서 북한이탈주민은 주체성과 호혜성을 지닌 사회통합의 행위자이다. 지역사회 정착 지원체계 및 지역거버넌스의 접근은 북한이탈주민의 정착을 독려하는 차원을 넘어 남한사회의 우월성에 기반한 일종의 교환·거래관계로 귀결되지 않아야 한다.
지역거버넌스는 ① 광역시·도 지역협의회의 역할과 구성 확대 발전, ② 북한이탈주민의 남한사회 정착 기간별 구분 및 범주별 통합관리, ③ 경제적·사회적 거버넌스 구축을 통한 북한이탈주민의 사회적 관계망 확장, ④ 지역복지관내 북한이탈주민 전담 인력과 부서 지정 및 역할 강화, ⑤ 북한이탈주민을 향한 남한 주민의 태도와 인식 변화 지속 추구 등의 역할을 해야 한다.
지역사회 지자체와 공공기관 및 민간부문간 북한이탈주민 지역사회통합을 위한 지역거버넌스의 역할 모색은 다문화시대 북한이탈주민정책의 또하나의 핵심이다.
The purpose of this article is to explore the role of local governance in enhancing community integration of North Korean defectors. The role of local governance is important as North Korean defectors’ social integration in their real life are practically carried out in the local community. North Korean defectors are actors of social integration with subjectivity and reciprocity in the community. The approach to community settlement support system and regional governance should go beyond encouraging North Korean defectors’ settlement and not lead a kind of exchange and trade relationship based on the supremacy. The roles of local governance are as follows; 1) enlarging the role and structure as the regional and provincial councils, 2) dividing into and managing for the defectors’ South Korean settlement periods, 3) expanding North Korean defectors’ social networking through economic and social governance, 4) appointing personnel and departments and strengthening the role of North Korean defectors in the local welfare centers, and 5) pursuing the change of South Koreans’ attitudes and perception toward North Korean defectors. The role of local governance among local communities, public institutions and private sectors for North Korean defectors’ social integration is the core of North Korean defector policy in the multicultural era.
The purpose of this article is to explore the role of local governance in enhancing community integration of North Korean defectors. The role of local governance is important as North Korean defectors’ social integration in their real life are practically carried out in the local community. North Korean defectors are actors of social integration with subjectivity and reciprocity in the community. The approach to community settlement support system and regional governance should go beyond encouraging North Korean defectors’ settlement and not lead a kind of exchange and trade relationship based on the supremacy. The roles of local governance are as follows; 1) enlarging the role and structure as the regional and provincial councils, 2) dividing into and managing for the defectors’ South Korean settlement periods, 3) expanding North Korean defectors’ social networking through economic and social governance, 4) appointing personnel and departments and strengthening the role of North Korean defectors in the local welfare centers, and 5) pursuing the change of South Koreans’ attitudes and perception toward North Korean defectors. The role of local governance among local communities, public institutions and private sectors for North Korean defectors’ social integration is the core of North Korean defector policy in the multicultural era.
