Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wzw2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-03T13:44:32.000Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Adoptive Maternal Bodies: A Queer Paradigm for Rethinking Mothering?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2020

Abstract

A pronatalist perspective on maternal bodies renders the adoptive maternal body queer. In this essay, I argue that the queerness of the adoptive maternal body makes it a useful epistemic standpoint from which to critique dominant views of mothering. In particular, exploring motherhood through the lens of adoption reveals the discursive mediation and social regulation of all maternal bodies, as well as the normalizing assumptions of heteronormativity, “reprosexuality,” and family homogeneity that frame a traditional view of the biological family. As participants in motherhood who resist “repro-narrativity,”“reprosexuality,” and essentialism, adoptive maternal bodies have the potential to both queer our notions of normal mothering and normalize our notions of queer mothering.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 2006 by Hypatia, Inc.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, Jeffner. 1984. Motherhood: The annihilation of women. In Feminist frameworks: Alternative theoretical accounts of the relations between women and men. ed. Jaggar, Alison M. and Rothenberg, Paula S.3rd ed. New York: McGraw‐Hill.Google Scholar
Anzaldúa, Gloria. 1990. Borderlands/la frontera: The new mestiza. 2nd ed. San Francisco: Aunt Lute Books.Google Scholar
Backus, Margot Gayle. 2001. I am your mother; she was a carrying case. In Imagining adoption: Essays on literature and culture. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Beizer, Janet. 2002. One's own: Reflections on motherhood, owning, and adoption. Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 21, no. 2: 237–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berg, Barbara. 1995. Listening to the voices of the infertile. In Reproduction, ethics, and the law: Feminist perspectives. ed. Callahan, Joan C.Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Bulbeck, Chila. 1998. Re‐orienting Western feminisms: Women's diversity in a postcolonial world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cahn, Naomi R., and Hollinger, Joan Heifetz eds., 2004. Families by law: An adoption reader. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Calhoun, Cheshire. 1997. Family's outlaws: Rethinking the connections between feminism, lesbianism, and the family. In Feminism and families. ed. Nelson, Hilde Lindemann. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Carp, E. Wayne. 1998. Family matters: Secrecy and disclosure in the history of adoption. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Collins, Patricia Hill. 1990. Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. Boston: Unwin Hyman.Google Scholar
Cvetkovitch, Ann. 1995. Sexual trauma/queer memory: Incest, lesbianism, and therapeutic culture. GLQ: A journal of lesbian and gay studies 2, no. 4: 351–77.Google Scholar
Fanon, Franz. Black skin, white masks. New York: Grove, 1967.Google Scholar
Fineman, Martha. 1995. Preface. In Mothers in law: Feminist theory and the legal regulation of motherhood. ed. Fineman, Martha A. and Karpin, Isabel. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1979. Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. Trans. Sheridan, Alan. New York: Vintage.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1980a. The history of sexuality. Trans. Hurley, Robert. New York: Vintage.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1980b. Power/knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings, 1972‐‐1977. Ed. Gordon, Colin. Trans. Gordon, Colinet al. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Frye, Marilyn. 1983. The politics of reality: Essays in feminist theory. Trumansburg, N.Y.: The Crossing Press.Google Scholar
Grossberg, Michael. 1985. Governing the hearth. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Harrison, Kate. 1995. Fresh or frozen: Lesbian mothers, sperm donors, and limited fathers. In Mothers in law: Feminist theory and the legal regulation of motherhood. Ed. Fineman, Martha A. and Karpin, Isabel. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Homans, Margaret. 2002. Adoption and essentialism. Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 21, no. 2: 257–74.Google Scholar
Hooks, Bell. 1984. Feminist theory: From margin to center. Boston: Southend Press.Google Scholar
Kirk, David H., and McDaniel, Susan A.Adoption policy in Great Britain and North America. Journal of Social Policy 13, no. 1.Google Scholar
Kittay, Eva Feder. 1999. “Not my way, Sesha, your way, slowly”: “Maternal thinking” in the raising of a child with profound intellectual disabilities. In Mother troubles: Rethinking contemporary maternal dilemmas. Ed. Hanigsberg, Julia E. and Ruddick, Sara. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Linzer, Lita, and Whiteman, Florence eds., 2003. Welcome home: An international and nontraditional adoption reader. New York: Haworth Clinical Practice.Google Scholar
Mahoney, Joan. 1995. Adoption as a feminist alternative to reproductive technologies. In Reproduction, ethics, and the law: Feminist perspectives. Ed. Callahan, Joan C.Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Mahowald, Mary B. 1995. As if there were fetuses without women: A remedial essay. In Reproduction, ethics, and the law: Feminist perspectives. Ed. Callahan, Joan C.Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Nancy. 1995. Mothers, daughters, and autobiography: Maternal legacies and cultural criticism. In Mothers in law: Feminist theory and the legal regulation of motherhood. Ed. Fineman, Martha A. and Karpin, Isabel. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Modell, Judith. 1994. Kinship with Strangers: Adoption and Interpretations of Kinship in American Culture. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Nanc, S. v. Michele D. 1991. 228 Cal. App. 3d 831.Google Scholar
National Association of Black Social Workers. 1972. Position statement on transracial adoption. In Children and youth in America: A documentary history. Vol. 3, Parts 1‐‐4. Ed Bremner, Robert H.Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Novy, Marianne. 2001. Introduction: Imagining adoption. In Imagining adoption: Essays on literature and culture. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Overall, Christine. 1997. Ethics and human reproduction: A feminist analysis. Boston: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Pateman, Carole. 1998. The sexual contract. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Polikoff, Nancy. 1990. The child does have two mothers: Redefining parenthood to meet the needs of children in lesbian‐mother and other nontraditional families. Georgetown Law journal 78: 459.Google Scholar
Ruddick, Sara. 1997. The idea of fatherhood. In Feminism and families. Ed. Nelson, Hilde Lindemann. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. 1990. The epistemology of the closet. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Shanley, Mary Lyndon. 1993. “Surrogate mothering” and women's freedom: A critique of contracts for human reproduction. Signs 18: 618–39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wadia‐Ells, Susan. 1995. The adoption reader: Birth mothers, adoptive mothers, and adopted daughters tell their stories. Seattle: Seal Press.Google Scholar
Warner, Michael. 1991. Introduction: Fear of a queer planet. Social Text 29: 317.Google Scholar
Warner, Michael. ed. 1993. Fear of a queer planet: Queer politics and social theory. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Woliver, Laura R. 1995. Reproductive technologies, surrogacy arrangements, and the politics of motherhood. In Mothers in law: Feminist theory and the legal regulation of motherhood. Ed. Martha A. Fineman and Isabel Karpin. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar