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This paper examines an approach to the pedagogy of the Philosophy of Science, useful in both the classroom and in public discourse, that teaches the subject by examining real versus faux or manufactured controversies. In addition, the idea of "data density" introduced here, can be usefully developed in more general "critical thinking" contexts.
Hong Kong Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching
The Author in the Text: Hedging Scientific Writing1995 •
Written Communication
Talking to the Academy: Forms of Hedging in Science Research Articles1996 •
Hedging refers to linguistic strategies which qualify categorical commitment, expressing possibility rather than certainty. In scientific writing hedging is central to effective argument and the rhetorical means of gaining reader acceptance of claims, allowing writers to convey their attitude to the truth of their statements and anticipate possible objections. Because they allow writers to express claims with precision, caution and modesty, hedges are a significant resource for academics. However, little is known about the way hedging is typically expressed in particular domains nor the particular functions it serves in different genres. This paper identifies the major forms, functions and distribution of hedges in a corpus of 26 molecular biology research articles and describes the importance of hedging in this genre.
Journal for General Philosophy of Science - Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie
Disagreement in science1978 •
2014 •
My paper includes details such as the academic process of peer review and publication, but in general it deals with what a synonym dictionary may equate with discussion, dispute, disputation, argumentation, questioning, polemic, disagreement, controversy, dissension, deliberation, reflection, polemic or ultimately conflict, or simply conversation and dialog. Terminological niceties about debate and technicalities do not help to understand and practice better these terms and their inherent difficulties, but there are some helpful insights on the net, for instance under the keywords <debate+technique>. The matter's complexity appears most clearly and constructively in the history of academic disputation, in academic dissensions such as referenced in my account of a disciplinary jubilee of Informatics in 2014, and in philosophy's relation to rhetoric and sophistry, as after Plato. The latter includes descriptions of particular techniques such as apophasis, contrasted to the Pre-Socratics, especially the Sophists. All this completed by references to "rhetoric" in my paper on East and West of Information Systems. The problem is also exposed historically by Arthur Schopenhauer in his classic to be recommended as a complement here, The Art of Being Right or in his translated original text, The Art of Controversy. A feministic, polemical and superficial variant of the idea is found in the widely advertised Master Suppression Techniques [in Swedish: Härskartekniker], partly related to the "gaslight effect" or gaslighting (more below). Another less superficial but scientistic variant is exemplified by the case of a university teaching material on Glossary of logical fallacies exemplified by the Motte-and-bailey fallacy as applied to political correctness and opinion corridors, all based on a misunderstood role of logic in inquiry, as illustrated by the modern drive to computerization. Technically the question is also related to the problem of statistical outliers and is implied by my PhD dissertation on Quality control of Information (1972), which, in turn, was influenced by the conceptions advanced by professor West Churchman at the University of California, Berkeley, and were summarized in his book The Design of Inquiring Systems (1971).
2019 •
Violencias E Delinquencias Juvenis Femininas Genero E Visibilidades Sociais
Violências e delinquências juvenis femininas : aproximações à questão2014 •
PloS one
Exome sequencing covers >98% of mutations identified on targeted next generation sequencing panels2017 •
ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries
Translating Patterns of Style in 'Hour of the WolvesJournal of Computational Physics
A second-order cell-centered Lagrangian ADER-MOOD finite volume scheme on multidimensional unstructured meshes for hydrodynamics2018 •
The International journal on drug policy
Performance and coverage of HIV interventions for injection drug users: Insights from triangulation of programme, field and surveillance data from Pakistan2011 •
European Journal of Science and Technology
Akımsız Kaplama Yöntemi ile Üretilen Ni-W-P Çoklu Alaşımların Sertlik ve Aşınma Özelliklerine Sodyum Tungsten İçeriğinin Etkisi2022 •
Swarm and evolutionary computation
Optimal maintenance scheduling of generator units using discrete integer cuckoo search optimization algorithm2018 •
Acta orthopaedica Belgica
Interbody fusion versus posterolateral fusion in treatment of low grade lytic spondylolisthesis2019 •
2022 •
Crystal Growth & Design
Crystallization Dynamics of Shear Worked Cocoa Butter2014 •
INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing
Organizational Innovation in Long Term Care Enabled by Collaboration Between Government Agencies: A Critical Realist Case StudyCell Death & Disease
P53 Mitotic Centrosome Localization Preserves Centrosome Integrity and Works as Sensor for the Mitotic Surveillance Pathway2019 •
The Journal of Supercritical Fluids
Impregnation of mango leaf extract into a polyester textile using supercritical carbon dioxide2017 •