Contributions to Functional Syntax, Semantics, and Language ComprehensionPetr Sgall This volume presents a rather complete survey of the research activities of the Prague group of algebraic linguistics. Some of the papers included bear witness to the fact that algebraic linguistics, or the formal description of language, is not the only domain in which the Prague group is active. Typological and empirically oriented discussions are represented as well, and so are accounts of some of the experimental systems from the domains of computational linguistics and natural language comprehension. Most of the papers included here have been published (partly in Czech) in periodicals and miscellanies, some of which are not easily accessible; a smaller part consists of papers written specifically for the present volume. The volume is divided into four sections, the first of which contains generally oriented papers. The second section consists of contributions devoted to the core of the empirical problems of sentence structure. The third section includes papers concerning specific questions of the syntax of Czech, and section four is oriented towards the experimental systems prepared by the Prague group. |
Contents
On the Notion Type of Language | 19 |
Syntax Meaning and Reference | 39 |
Optional Participants in a Semantic Interpretation Arity of Predicates and Case Frames of Verbs | 51 |
A Dependency Base for a Linguistic Description | 63 |
On Presupposition and Allegation | 99 |
Remarks on Text Language and Communication | 123 |
A Note on Text and Reference | 139 |
B EMPIRICAL QUESTIONS OF SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS | 145 |
C SPECIFIC ISSUES OF GRAMMAR | 223 |
Case Frames of Nouns | 225 |
On the Syntax of Some Types of Pronouns in Czech | 239 |
Passive Voice in the Generative Description of Czech | 259 |
Verbal Prefixation from the Viewpoint of Valency | 275 |
D TOWARDS SYSTEMS OF AUTOMATIC COMPREHENSION | 289 |
TextandInference Based Answering of Questions | 291 |
Logical and Linguistic Aspects of ComputerBased Inference Processes | 321 |
Valency Case Frames of Verbs | 147 |
Appendix I List of free modifications | 183 |
Appendix II Verbal Frames | 185 |
Topic and Focus | 189 |
Sentences with General Actor | 203 |
On a Dependency Analysis of English for Automatic Translation | 335 |
| 361 | |
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS | 379 |
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actant actor Addressee adverbial ambiguous analysis anaphoric answer approach belong characterized cognitive complementations concerning connected construction content clauses contextually bound coordinated corresponding Czech deleted denoted dependent dependent clause dictionary distinguish domain elements English entailment examples expressions formulated free modifications grammar grammateme Hajičová included inference rules interrogative John kinds knowledge representation lexical unit linguistic meaning linguistic typology logical morphemic natural language necessary nodes non-bound notion nouns object obligatory Panevová periphrastic Petr Sgall phenomena position possible Prague predicate prefix present presupposition problem pronoun properties Q-systems question reference reflexive passive relation relative clause relative pronoun relevant representation scope of negation semantic Sgall speaker specific structure subsystem surface symbols synonymy syntactic function syntax tectogrammatical tence text linguistics tion topic and focus topic/focus articulation TR´s transducing translation tree typology utterance valency verbal frames verbs word order