Skip to main content

Humanism and Skinner’s Radical Behaviorism

  • Chapter
Behavior Theory and Philosophy

Abstract

“Science” and “humanities” are usually placed in opposition. The contributions of the humanities are in areas that are not usually thought of as scientific, such as morality and values, aesthetics, and an understanding of ultimate purposes. But, like his eminent younger colleague E. O. Wilson, B. F. Skinner recognized no dividing line. Science in general, and radical behaviorism in particular, provide all the knowledge needed, he argued, to guide society into a happy and, above all, long-term, future. His confidence is widely shared. Most middle-class parents, most psychotherapists and educators, the majority of political and social theorists, whether behavior analytically inclined or not, all now share Skinner’s confident belief that what they do is grounded in science.1 They acknowledge traditional practices, but doubt they have much to learn from them. They believe that all questions are at bottom scientific questions. Science, in principle, embraces all knowledge. This view, it is not unfair to say, has become the religion of the educated elite.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Akin, E. (1999). Review of Belief and Resistance, by B. Herrnstein Smith Quarterly Review of Biology, 74, 61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andresen, J. (1991). Skinner and Chomsky 30 years later or: The return of the repressed. The Behavior Analyst, 14, 49–60.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Aunger, R. (Ed.) (2001). Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as a science. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauerlein, M. (2001). Social constructionism: Philosophy for the academic workplace. Partisan Review, 2 May.http://www.partisanreview.org/archive/2001/2/bauerlein.html

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackmore, S. (1999). The meme machine. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chomsky, N. (1959). A review of B. F. Skinner’s Verbal Behavior. Language, 35, 26–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chomsky, N. (1972). Psychology and ideology.Cognition, 1, 11–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, D. T. (1975). On the conflicts between biological and social evolution and between psychology and moral tradition. American Psychologist, 30, 1103–1126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dawkins, R. (1976). The selfish gene. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennett, D. C. (1996). Darwin’s dangerous idea: Evolution and the meanings of life. New York: Simon & Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, L. J. (1993). Reality and truth. In S. C. Hayes, L. J. Hayes, H. W. Reese & T. R. Sarbin (Eds.) Varieties of scientific contextualism. Reno, NV: Context Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hocutt, M. (2000). Grounded ethics: The empirical bases for normative judgments. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Latour, B. (1993). We have never been modern. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levin, M. (1997). Why race matters: Race differences and what they mean. Westport, CT: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monod, J. (1971). Chance and Necessity; an essay on the natural philosophy of modern biology. New York: Knopf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Popper, K. R. (1950). The open society and its enemies. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Popper, K. R. (1962). Conjectures and refutations: The growth of scientific knowledge. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rand, A. (1985). Philosophy: Who needs itNew York: New American Library.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimp, C. P. (2001). Behavior as a social construction.Behavioural Processes, Behavioural Processes, 54, 11–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and human behavior. New York: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F. (1961). Freedom and the control of men. In Cumulative record, pp. 3–18. (Original work published 1955 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F (1966). The phylogeny and ontogeny of behavior.Science, Science, 153, 1205–1213.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F. (1971). Beyond Freedom and Dignity. New York: Knopf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F. (1976). About behaviorism. New York: Vintage Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F. (1981). Selection by consequences.Science, Science, 213, 501–504.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, B. H. (1997). Belief and resistance; Dynamics of contemporary intellectual controversy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sokal, A. D. (1996). Transgressing the boundaries: Towards a transformative hermeneu-tics of quantum gravity. Social Text, 46/47, 217–252 (spring/summer). See also http://www.physics.nyu.edu/faculty/sokal/lingua_franca_v4/lingua_franca_v4.html.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staddon, J. (1995). On responsibility and punishment. The Atlantic Monthly, Feb., 88–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staddon, J. E. R., & Simmelhag, V. (1971). The “superstition” experiment: A reexamination of its implications for the principles of adaptive behavior. Psychological Review, 78, 3–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staddon, J. E. R. (2001). The new behaviorism Mind mechanism and society. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, E. O. (1998). Consilience The unity of knowledge. New York: Alfred Knopf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, J. Q. (2000). Democracy for all? Commentary, March (Internet edition).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuriff, G. (1998). Against metaphysical social constructionism in psychology.Behavior & Philosophy, Behavior & Philosophy, 26, 5–28.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Staddon, J.E.R. (2003). Humanism and Skinner’s Radical Behaviorism. In: Lattal, K.A., Chase, P.N. (eds) Behavior Theory and Philosophy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4590-0_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4590-0_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-3405-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-4590-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics