Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Transdiagnostic assessment of temporal experience (TATE) a tool for assessing abnormal time experiences

  • Published:
Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Currently, anomalous lived temporality is not included in the main diagnostic criteria or standard symptom checklists. In this article, we present the Transdiagnostic Assessment of Temporal Experience (TATE), a structured interview that can be used by researchers and clinicians without a comprehensive phenomenological background to explore abnormal time experiences in persons with abnormal mental conditions regardless of their diagnosis. When extensive data gathered by this scale are available, it will be possible to delineate well-defined anomalous lived temporality profiles for each psychopathological disorder. This instrument may also prove useful for clinicians by providing a more refined assessment of relevant psychopathological symptoms (for instance, the differentiation of different types of delusions according to their temporal profile) and an in-depth understanding of the patient’s abnormal behaviour (e.g., impulsivity or social withdrawal) as related to specific types of time experience. In the first part of the article, we provide a brief overview of the phenomenological concept of temporality, including pre-phenomenal and phenomenal time, synthesis, conation and synchronization, and of abnormal time experiences in persons affected by psychopathological conditions. In the following part, we describe the basic structure of the interview that comprises seven categories corresponding to the abnormal features of lived temporality: anomalies of synchrony, of time structure, of implicit time flow, of explicit time flow, and anomalous experiences of the past, the present and the future. The paper also includes a section on administration and scoring of the TATE scale, the complete interview and a Likert table for quantifying the frequency, intensity and interference with daily life of the phenomena explored.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aho, K. (2020). Temporal experience in anxiety: Embodiment, selfhood, and the collapse of meaning. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 19(2), 259–270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-018-9559-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alonso-Fernandez, F. (1982). Space and time for the manic person. In A.J.J. de Koning, F.A. Jenner (Eds.), Phenomenology and Psychiatry. New York: Grune & Stratton.

  • Arzy, S., Mohr, C., Molnar-Szakacs, I., & Blanke, O. (2011). Schizotypal perceptual aberrations of time: correlation between score, behavior and brain activity. PLoS One, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016154

  • Åström, E., Seif, A., Wiberg, B., & Carelli, M. G. (2018). Getting “stuck” in the future or the past: Relationships between dimensions of time perspective, executive functions, and repetitive negative thinking in anxiety. Psychopathology, 51(6), 362–370. https://doi.org/10.1159/000494882

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Åström, E., Wiberg, B., Sircova, A., Wiberg, M., & Carelli, M. G. (2014). Insights into features of anxiety through multiple aspects of psychological time. Journal of Integrative Psychology and Therapeutics, 2. https://doi.org/10.7243/2054-4723-2-3

  • Bech, P. (1975). Depression: Influence on time estimation and time experience. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 51(1), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb00211.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Binswanger, L. (1933). Das Raumproblem in der Psychopathologie. Zeitschrift Für Die Gesamte Neurologie Und Psychiatrie, 145(1), 598–647. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02865888

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Binswanger, L. (1960). Melancholie und Manie. Pfullingen, Günther Neske: Phänomenologische Studien.

    Google Scholar 

  • Binswanger, L. (1964). On the manic mode of being-in-the-world. In E. Straus (Ed.), Phenomenology, pure and applied (pp. 131–132). Duquesne University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boniwell, Ilona, & Zimbardo, Philip. (2003). Time to find the right balance Psychologist (London, England :1988). Leicester: British Psychological Soc, 16(3), 129–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borda, J. P. (2016). Self over time: another difference between borderline personality disorder and bipolar disorder. Journal of evaluation in clinical practice, 22(4), 603–607. https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.12550

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowden, H. M. (2013). A phenomenological study of mania and depression. Durham University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bürgy, M. (2005). Psychopathology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A phenomenological approach. Psychopathology, 38(6), 291–300. https://doi.org/10.1159/000088917

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cottle, T. J. (1976). Perceiving time: A psychological investigation with men and women. Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doerr-Zegers, O. (2000). Existential and phenomenological approach to psychiatry. In M. G. Gelder, J. J. Lopez-Ibo, & N. Andreasen (Eds.), New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry (Vol. 1, pp. 357–362). Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doerr-Zegers, O. (2018). Space and time in the obsessive-compulsive phenomenon. Psychopathology, 51(1), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.1159/000485630

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez, A. V. (2019a). Phenomenology and dimensional approaches to psychiatric research and classification. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, 26(1), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.1353/ppp.2019.0004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez, A. V. (2019b). Clarifying a Dimensional Approach to Phenomenological Psychopathology. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, 26(1), 81–85. https://doi.org/10.1353/ppp.2019.0006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2013a). Temporality and psychopathology. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 12, 75–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-010-9189-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2013b). The self in schizophrenia: Jaspers, Schneider, and beyond. In G. Stanghellini & T. Fuchs (Eds.), One Century of Karl Jaspers’ General Psychopathology (pp. 245–257). Oxford University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2001). Melancholia as a desynchronization: Towards a psychopathology of interpersonal time. Psychopathology, 34(4), 179–186. https://doi.org/10.1159/000049304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2005a). Corporealized and disembodied minds: A phenomenological view of the body in melancholia and schizophrenia. Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology, 12, 95–107. https://doi.org/10.1353/ppp.2005.0040

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2005b). Implicit and explicit temporality. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, 12(3), 195–198. https://doi.org/10.1353/ppp.2006.0004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2007a). Fragmented selves: Temporality and identity in borderline personality disorder. Psychopathology, 40(6), 379–387. https://doi.org/10.1159/000106468

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2007b). The temporal structure of intentionality and its disturbance in schizophrenia. Psychopathology, 40, 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1159/000101365

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2013). Affektive Störungen: Klinik-Therapie-Perspektiven; mit 11 Tabellen. Schattauer Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2013d). Temporality and psychopathology. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 12(1), 75–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-010-9189-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2014). Psychopathology of depression and mania: Symptoms, phenomena and syndromes. Journal of Psychopathology, 20, 404–413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2019a). Ecology of the Brain: The Phenomenology and Biology of the Embodied Mind. Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2019b). The Experience of Time and its disorders (chapter 48). In G. Stanghellini, M. Broome, A. Raballo, A. V. Fernandez, P. Fusar-Poli, & R. Rosfort (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Phenomenological Psychopathology (pp. 431–441). Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, T. (2019c). The Life-World of persons with mood disorder (chapter 64). In G. Stanghellini, M. Broome, A. Raballo, A. V. Fernandez, P. Fusar-Poli, & R. Rosfort (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Phenomenological Psychopathology (pp. 617–633). Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, S. (2000). Philosophical conceptions of the self: Implications for cognitive science. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(1), 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(99)01417-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, S., & Zahavi, D. (2012). The Phenomenological Mind (2nd ed.). Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, D., Granjard, A., Lundblad, S., & Archer, T. (2017). A dark past, a restrained present, and an apocalyptic future: Time perspective, personality, and life satisfaction among anorexia nervosa patients. PeerJ Inc, 5, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3801

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giersch, A., & Mishara, A. (2017). Disrupted continuity of subjective time in the milliseconds range in the self-disturbances of schizophrenia: Convergence of experimental, phenomenological, and predictive coding accounts. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 24(3–4), 62–87. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbx024.103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gruber, J., Cunningham, W. A., Kirkland, T., & Hay, A. C. (2012). Feeling stuck in the present? Mania proneness and history associated with present-oriented time perspective. Emotion, 12(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025062

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heidegger, M. (1927). Sein und Zeit (Being and Time, translated into English by Macquarrie, J. and E. Robinson (1962), New York, NY.

  • Husserl, E. (1912–1915). Idee zu einer reinen Phaenomenologie und Phaenomenologische Philosophie. II. Phaenomenologische Untersuchungen zur Konstituiton. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.

  • Janet, P. (1919). Les médications psychologiques (Vol. 3), Félix Alcan, Paris. (Reprint: Société Pierre Janet, Paris, 1984). English edition: Principles of Psychotherapy (Vol. 2), Macmillan, New York. (Reprint: Arno Press, New York, 1976).

  • Kemp, R. (2020). Addiction as temporal disruption: Interoception, self, meaning. Phenom Cogn Sci, 19, 305–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-018-9578-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kimura, B. (1992). Ecrits de psychopathologie phénoménologique (translated by Bouderlique J.) (p. 1992). Paris: PUF.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi, T. (1998). Melancholie und Zeit. Basel /Frankfurt: Stroemfeld.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merleau-Ponty. (1962). The Phenomenology of Perception. Routledge & Kegan Paul.

    Google Scholar 

  • Messas,. (2014). On The Essence of Drunkenness and the Pathway to Addiction: A Phenomenological Contribution. Journal of Addictive Behaviors, Therapy & Rehabilitation, 3, 2. https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-9005.1000121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miloyan, B., Bulley, A., & Suddendorf, T. (2016). Episodic foresight and anxiety: Proximate and ultimate perspectives. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55(1), 4–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12080

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Minkowski, E. (1933). Le temps vécu. Paris, d’Arey.

  • Moraga, F. R., Nima, A. A., & Garcia, D. (2017). Sex and dark times’ strategy: The Dark Triad and time perspective. Psych J., 6, 98–99. https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moskalewicz, M. (2018). Toward a unified view of time: Erwin W. Straus’ phenomenological psychopathology of temporal experience. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 17(1), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-016-9494-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moskalewicz, M. (2018b). Temporal Delusion:’Duality’Accounts of Time and Double Orientation to Reality in Depressive Psychosis. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 25(9–10), 163–183.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moskalewicz, M., & Schwartz, M. A. (2020). Temporal experience in mania. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 19(2), 291–304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-018-9564-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking Rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(5), 400–424. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Northoff, G. (2014). Minding the brain: A guide to philosophy and neuroscience. Macmillan International Higher Education.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Northoff, G. (2019). Phenomenological psychopathology and neuroscience. In G. Stanghellini, M. Broome, A. V. Fernandez, P. Fusar-Poli, A. Raballo, & R. Rosfort (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Phenomenological Psychopathology (pp. 909–924). Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Northoff, G., & Stanghellini, G. (2016). How to link brain and experience? Spatiotemporal psychopathology of the lived body. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 10, 172. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parnas, J., Møller, P., Kircher, T., Thalbitzer, J., Jansson, L., Handest, P., et al. (2005). EASE: Examination of anomalous self-experience. Psychopathology, 38(5), 236. https://doi.org/10.1159/000088441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pazzagli, A., & Rossi, M. M. (2000). Dysphoria and Aloneness in Borderline Personality Disorder. Psychopathology, 33(4), 220–226. https://doi.org/10.1159/000029147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratcliffe, M. (2012). Varieties of temporal experience in depression. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, 37(2), 114–138. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhs010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratcliffe, M. (2014). Experiences of depression: A study in phenomenology. Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratcliffe, M., & Stephan, A. (2014). Depression, Emotion and the Self: Philosophical and Interdisciplinary Perspectives. Exeter: Imprint Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossi, M. M., & D’Agostino, A. (2014). Borderline Personality Disorder from a Psychopathological-dynamic Perspective. Journal of Psychopathology, 20, 451–460.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sass, L. (2019). The Life-World of persons with schizophrenia: Considered as a Disorder of Basic Self (chapter 63). In G. Stanghellini, M. Broome, A. Raballo, A. V. Fernandez, P. Fusar Poli, & R. Rosfort (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Phenomenological Psychopathology (pp. 597–616). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sass, L. A., & Fishman, A. (2019). Introspection, phenomenology, and psychopathology. In G. Stanghellini, M. Broome, A. Raballo, A. V. Fernandez, P. Fusar Poli, & R. Rosfort (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Phenomenological Psychopathology (pp 248–261). Oxford University press.

  • Sass, L., & Pienkos, E. (2013a). Space, time, and atmosphere a comparative phenomenology of melancholia, mania, and schizophrenia. Part i. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 20(7–8), 103–130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sass, L., & Pienkos, E. (2013b). Space, time, and atmosphere a comparative phenomenology of melancholia, mania, and schizophrenia, Part II. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 20(7–8), 131–152.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sass, L., Pienkos, E., Skodlar, B., Stanghellini, G., Fuchs, T., Parnas, J., et al. (2017). EAWE: Examination of anomalous world experience. Psychopathology, 50(1), 10–54. https://doi.org/10.1159/000454928

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheler, M. (1973). Formalism in ethics and non-formal ethics of values: A new attempt toward the foundation of an ethical personalism (p. 1927). Northwestern University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanghellini, G., & Rosfort, R. (2013a). Emotions and Personhood: Exploring Fragility— Making Sense of Vulnerability. Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Stanghellini, G., & Rosfort, R. (2013b). Borderline Depression: A Desperate Vitality. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 20(7–8), 153–177.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanghellini, G., & Rossi, R. (2014). Phenophenotypes: A holistic approach to the psychopathology of schizophrenia. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 27, 236–241. https://doi.org/10.1097/yco.0000000000000059

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stanghellini, G., & Mancini, M. (2017). The therapeutic interview in mental health: A values-based and person-centered approach. Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Stanghellini, G., & Mancini, M. (2019a). Abnormal time experiences in persons with feeding and eating disorder: A naturalistic explorative study. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 18(4), 759–773. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-019-09618-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stanghellini, G., & Mancini, M. (2019). The life-world of persons with borderline personality disorder (chapter 67). In G. Stanghellini, M. Broome, A. Raballo, A. V. Fernandez, P. Fusar Poli, & R. Rosfort (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Phenomenological Psychopathology. Oxford: Oxford University press, pp. 665-681.

  • Stanghellini, G., Ballerini, M., Presenza, S., Mancini, M., Northoff, G., & Cutting, J. (2017). Abnormal time experiences in major depression: An empirical qualitative study. Psychopathology, 50(2), 125–140. https://doi.org/10.1159/000452892

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stanghellini, G., Ballerini, M., Presenza, S., Mancini, M., Raballo, A., Blasi, S., & Cutting, J. (2016). Psychopathology of lived time: Abnormal time experience in persons with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42(1), 45–55. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbv052

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stocker, K. (2020). Mental perspectives during temporal experience in posttraumatic stress disorder. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 19(2), 321–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-019-09615-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Straus, E. W. (1947). Disorders of personal time in depressive states. Southern Medical Journal, 40(3), 254–259. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-194703000-00011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Straus, E. W. (1948). On Obsession: A Clinical and Methodological Study. Johnson Reprint.

    Google Scholar 

  • Straus, E. W. (1928). Das Zeiterlebnis in der endogenen Depression und in der psychopatischen Verstimmung. Monatsschrift Für Psychiatrie Und Neurologie, LXVIII, 640–656. https://doi.org/10.1159/000164543

  • Summerfeldt, L. J. (2004). Understanding and treating incompleteness in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60(11), 1155–1168. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20080

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Svenaeus, F. (2007). Do antidepressants affect the self? A phenomenological approach. Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 10(2), 153–166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-007-9060-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tatossian, A. (1981). Phénoménologie de la dépression. L'Encéphale: Revue de psychiatrie clinique biologique et thérapeutique 7(4, Suppl), 361–366

  • Thompson, E. (2007). Mind in Life. Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tipples, J. (2015). Rapid temporal accumulation in spider fear: Evidence from hierarchical drift diffusion modelling. Emotion, 15(6), 742–751. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000079

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Beek, W., Berghuis, H., Kerkhof, A., & Beekman, A. (2011). Time perspective, personality and psychopathology: Zimbardo’s time perspective inventory in psychiatry. Time & Society, 20(3), 364–374. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961463X10373960

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel, D. H., Beeker, T., Haidl, T., Kupke, C., Heinze, M., & Vogeley, K. (2019). Disturbed time experience during and after psychosis. Schizophrenia Research: Cognition, 17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2019.100136

  • Vogel, D. H., Krämer, K., Schoofs, T., Kupke, C., & Vogeley, K. (2018). Disturbed experience of time in depression—evidence from content analysis. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12, 66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vogeley, K., & Kupke, C. (2007). Disturbances of time consciousness from a phenomenological and a neuroscientific perspective. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 33(1), 157–165. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00066

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Von Gebsattel, V. E. (1938). Die Welt des Zwangskranken. Monatschrift Für Psychiatrie Und Neurologie, 99, 10–74. https://doi.org/10.1159/issn.0014-3022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Von Gebsattel, V. F. (1954). Zeitbezogenes Zwangsdenken in der Melancholie In V. F. Von Gebsattel, Prolegomena einer medizinischen anthropologie (pp. 1–18). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Von Gebsattel, V. E. (1928). Von zeitbezogenem Zwangsdenken in der Melancholic. Der Nervenarzt, 1, 275–287.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, T., & Carel, H. (2018). Breathlessness: From Bodily Symptom to Existential Experience Existential Medicine Eds Aho K. London (UK): Rowman & Littlefield International. Chapter 10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahavi, D. (2003). Husserl’s phenomenology. Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahavi, D. (2005). Subjectivity of selfhood: Investigating the first-person perspective. The MIT Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (1999). Putting time in perspective: A valid, reliable individual difference metric. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1271–1288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, ‘G. d’Annunzio’ University, Chieti, Italy

    Giovanni Stanghellini & Milena Mancini

  2. ‘D. Portales’ University, Santiago, Chile

    Giovanni Stanghellini

  3. Department of Philosophy, Kent State University, Kent, USA

    Anthony Vincent Fernandez

  4. Faculty of Philosophy, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Anthony Vincent Fernandez

  5. Department of Social Sciences, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

    Marcin Moskalewicz

  6. Department of Psychiatric, Sciences and Psychological Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, University ‘La Sapienza’, Rome, Italy

    Maurizio Pompili

  7. Department of Mental Health, Florence, Italy

    Massimo Ballerini

Authors
  1. Giovanni Stanghellini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Milena Mancini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Anthony Vincent Fernandez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Marcin Moskalewicz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Maurizio Pompili
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Massimo Ballerini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Giovanni Stanghellini.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Stanghellini, G., Mancini, M., Fernandez, A.V. et al. Transdiagnostic assessment of temporal experience (TATE) a tool for assessing abnormal time experiences. Phenom Cogn Sci 21, 73–95 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-021-09795-2

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11097-021-09795-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation