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Language Systems and Principles of Reconstruction in Linguistics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

T. V. Gamkrelidze  and
V. V. Ivanov
T. V. Gamkrelidze
Affiliation:
U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences
V. V. Ivanov
Affiliation:
U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences
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Extract

Two levels can be distinguished in the structure of a language as a system of signs: the level of expression and the level of contents. Every sign of a language will thus be characterized by the unity of these two aspects. We can distinguish therein the signifying (.signans) and the signified (signatum), which correspond to the two levels of the language. Relations between the signifying and the signified in linguistic signs are determined by the relationship between their content and their expression. Relations between signs at the level of contents and at the level of expression are the cause of the complex nature of the linguistic sign.

Type
Research Article
Information
Diogenes , Volume 35 , Issue 137 , March 1987 , pp. 1 - 25
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 Fédération Internationale des Sociétés de Philosophie / International Federation of Philosophical Societies (FISP)

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Footnotes

*

The article translated here represents the essential aspects of the introduction to the two-volume work by T. B. Gramkrelidze and V. V. Ivanov, Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans (in Russian), foreword by Roman Jakobson, University of Tbilissi, 1984.

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