Filozofija i drustvo 2017 Volume 28, Issue 3, Pages: 495-506
https://doi.org/10.2298/FID1703495V
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The end of capitalism and its future: Hegel as founder of the concept of a welfare state
Vieweg Klaus (Friedrich Schiller University, Institute for Philosophy, Jena, Germany)
A key part of Hegel’s practical philosophy is his theory of civil society and
the idea of a rational regulation of the market. This is the foundation of
Hegel’s theory of a social state. The copyright on the notion of a modern
society of freedom and a rational, social state belongs to Hegel. Hegel
proves himself to be the thinker who until now has provided the most
convincing foundation for freedom in modernity. The theoretical foundation
and at the same time bone of contention of Hegel’s political thought is to be
found in his concept of ethical life (Sittlichkeit), in particular in his
theory of civil society. The current shipwreck of deregulated capitalism does
not mean the foundering of our journey towards a free society. Nevertheless
the deficiencies and unsustainability of both traditional models - socialist
collective ownership and market fundamentalism - exhibit two contradictory
claims to a share of the wealth of nations. To take up Hegel’s project is, in
essence, to aim at a new conception of an environmentally and socially
sustainable and just society, and a corresponding world order. It is to
further Hegel’s philosophy of freedom.
Keywords: social state, modern society, freedom, Hegel’s practical philosophy, regulation of the market