Perspectives on General System Theory: Scientific-philosophical Studies

According acid Als-Ob animal anthropomorphic appear applied approach aspects atoms basic Bertalanffy biologist cell century chemical chromosomes classical classical physics closed systems common completely concept of homology considered construction corresponding culture Cusa Cusanus cybernetics Descartes differential equations dynamic entelechy entropy equifinality equilibrium Ervin Laszlo essays essentially evolution example experience explanation expressed fact factors feedback field forms formulated genetic Goethe growth homology homoplasy important individual information theory interaction irreversible laws levels living organism living systems Ludwig von Bertalanffy machine mathematical means mechanical mechanistic metabolism modern molecular biology molecules morphology nature Nicholas Nicholas of Cusa open systems organismic paradigm perspective phenomena philosophy phylogenetic physics physiology present principle problems processes produce question reactions reality relations scientific selection sense servomechanisms specific Spengler steady structure symbolic system theory teleological term theoretical models theory of open thermodynamics tion typological unity values vitalistic world view