우리는 권력과 인간본성의 관계를 니체의 『아침놀』(1881), 『차라투스트라는 이렇게 말했다』(1883-1885), 『선악의 피안』(1886), 『도덕의 계보학』(1887), 『인간적인 너무나 인간적인(1887), 『유고』 등 그의 다양한 저서에서 발견할 수 있다. 특히 니체는 『유고』에서 회자(膾炙)시킨 “권력의지”라는 복잡한 권력이론의 관계를 서술하였다. 니체는 “권력이론(Theorie der Macht)”이라는 제목으로 남긴 저서가 생존에 없었으나, 그는 뒤르켐(Emile Durkheim), 베버(Max Weber)의 근대사회이론을 이해하였고, 투키디데스(Thukydides), 마키아벨리(Machiavelli), 홉즈(Hobbs), 루소(Rousseau), 토크빌(Tocqueville), 마르크스(Marx) 등의 권력이론에 자극받아 그밖에 많은 사회과학을 수용하여 그의 이론을 전개하였다. 무엇보다 니체의 권력이론은 권력의 현상을 극단적으로 서술하면서 권력을 생산적으로 비판하고 조형할 수 있는 가능성을 암시한다.
니체의 저서에서 드러난 권력의 계보학적 전개는 전복, 착취, 지배, 권력감정, 강제, 폭력, 정의와 환대, 명령과 복종 같은 중심개념들이 산발적으로 등장한다. 따라서 필자는 니체의 많은 저서에서 드러난 다양한 권력이론의 스펙트럼들, 즉 그 권력이론의 출발점: 니체와 부르크하르트, 권력의 발생: 삶의 본질과 권력감정, 권력과 의미생성, 권력의 성질: 정의와 환대, 베푸는 정치 등을 차례로 조명해 보고자 한다.
The relation between the human nature and the power had been described in a wide range of writings from Nietzsche such as 『Morgenröte』(1881), 『Also sprach Zarathustra』(1883-1885), 『Jenseits von Gut und Böse』(1886), 『Zur Genealogie der Moral』(1887), 『Menschliches, Allzumenschliches』(1887), 『Nachgelassene Fragmente』. Especially Nachgelassene Fragmente』 which was published after his death, had dealt with “The Will to Power” which is a complicated power theory. "Theorie der Macht" is one of his post notes and he elaborated modern society theory influenced from Emile Durkheim and Max Weber. He was also inspired and motivated by other social science theories of Thukydides, Machiavelli, Hobbs, Rousseau, Tocqueville, and Marx. His power theory described a prominent concept of the power and suggested a possibility through productive criticism. In his writing, Nietzsche manifested on the genealogical perspective of the power such as the overthrow, exploitation, domination, the emotional power, compulsion, violence justice and hospitality, orders and obeys. Therefore, this paper takes an in-depth study of various properties of power theories in Nietzsche’s’ writings. The paper examines the starting point of the power theory from Nietzsche and Burckhardt and the generating of the power which is the essence of life and the emotional power, power and meaning creation, the properties of power: justice and hospitality and favorable politics.
The relation between the human nature and the power had been described in a wide range of writings from Nietzsche such as 『Morgenröte』(1881), 『Also sprach Zarathustra』(1883-1885), 『Jenseits von Gut und Böse』(1886), 『Zur Genealogie der Moral』(1887), 『Menschliches, Allzumenschliches』(1887), 『Nachgelassene Fragmente』. Especially Nachgelassene Fragmente』 which was published after his death, had dealt with “The Will to Power” which is a complicated power theory. "Theorie der Macht" is one of his post notes and he elaborated modern society theory influenced from Emile Durkheim and Max Weber. He was also inspired and motivated by other social science theories of Thukydides, Machiavelli, Hobbs, Rousseau, Tocqueville, and Marx. His power theory described a prominent concept of the power and suggested a possibility through productive criticism. In his writing, Nietzsche manifested on the genealogical perspective of the power such as the overthrow, exploitation, domination, the emotional power, compulsion, violence justice and hospitality, orders and obeys. Therefore, this paper takes an in-depth study of various properties of power theories in Nietzsche’s’ writings. The paper examines the starting point of the power theory from Nietzsche and Burckhardt and the generating of the power which is the essence of life and the emotional power, power and meaning creation, the properties of power: justice and hospitality and favorable politics.
