Critical thinking has an important role in the advancement of personal development. Undoubtedly, thanks to critical thinking, individuals can use their abilities better and become active in society. This system of thinking can have positive results on students, especially in the development of cognitive and creative thinking in education. Critical thinking, education as well as philosophy, literature, cinema, history, geography, biology, health, etc. has a relationship with disciplines. Critical thinking plays an important role in understanding disciplines and learning basic concepts. (...) The most basic purpose of critical thinking is to stick to moral attitudes. When criticizing in a discussion environment, it is important to stick to moral principles rather than the subject of the problem being discussed. In this context, the conceptual framework of critical thinking will be discussed. Critical thinking; its relationship with philosophy, education, literature, art, and other sciences will be examined. Finally, the moral dimension of critical thinking and the principles to be followed will be mentioned while criticizing will be mentioned. (shrink)

Hans Belting, _Florence and Baghdad: Renaissance Art and Arab Science_, trans. Deborah Lucas Schneider (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011), 303 pp.

It is a problem in philosophy how the mind understands nature. How the results of observations come together in a meaningful form. Kant suggests a priori categories for this problem. According to him in the absence of the categories, the objects and phenomena that we perceive are in a relatively independent heap. A priori categories bring those independent pieces of observation together in an organized and meaningful form. Durkheim accepts Kant’s approach to a priori categories, however, he suggests a social (...) origin for them. Durkheim’s attempt to explain the social origin of the categories results in differences in the number and content of a priori categories that Kant suggested. Durkheim’s suggestion changes into general concepts that act as social facts which lead to individuals’ thoughts. (shrink)

Covering appears to be a socio-cultural necessity for human beings. Covering styles are revealed in different forms in men and women. Covering the body in human history manifests itself as a result of necessity in social relations. The first human in the sources is the veiling problem of Prophet Adam and his wife Eve begins with their realization of their own lack of veiling. In this sense, veiling, apart from an innate necessity, is a need that arises with awareness and (...) is related to being human. Max Scheler explains the feeling of shame as a feeling that arises as a result of the person who is between the lowest of creation and the highest of all first realizing it when the veil falls. From this point of view, veiling or veiling is a phenomenon needed as a requirement of Scheler's sense of shame, with the meanings of "to put a curtain between oneself and the other/somebody else, to hide inside or behind something", on the other hand, David Le Breton's of individuals revealing their own skin to society. It gains meaning as a message that is wanted to be given by the individual in social relations, seeing it as a limit. (shrink)