American Journal of Bioethics

ISSNs: 1526-5161, 1536-0075

173 found

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  1.  2
    The Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: A Global Distributive Justice Perspective.Eman Ahmed - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):120-121.
    In their article, Friesen et al. (2023) discuss two challenging roles the IRBs are playing: protecting research participants from research-related risks and promoting inclusion of diverse populatio...
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  2.  1
    ECMO as a Destination Therapy is Not a Bridge to Nowhere.William Allen - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):57-59.
    Among the terms that has become a stock phrase in articles about ECMO, whether academic or news stories, is “bridge to nowhere” (Abrams et.al. 2014; Bailey 2019). It is used to describe the tragic...
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  3. Fairly Distributing the Distributive Justice Argument Permits Stopping ECMO.Erica Andrist - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):65-67.
    Childress and colleagues conclude that arguments from distributive justice do not justify discontinuing ECMO over a capacitated patient’s objections (Childress et al. 2023). However, this conclusio...
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  4.  1
    Wither Vulnerability? The Over/Under Protection Dilemma and Research Equity.Amelia K. Barwise, Megan A. Allyse, Jessica R. Hirsch, Michelle L. McGowan, Karen M. Meaghar & Kirsten A. Riggan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):113-116.
    We are grateful to Friesen and colleagues for drawing attention to the tension between the protection of populations that may experience vulnerability with their inclusion in research (Friesen et a...
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  5.  1
    When Critically Ill Patients with Decision Making Capacity and No Further Therapeutic Options Request Indefinite Life Support.Jason N. Batten, Elizabeth Dzeng, Stuart Finder, Jacob A. Blythe & Michael Nurok - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):21-23.
    Some patients who are dependent on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are alert and retain capacity to participate in decision-making, including decisions regarding whether to continue life...
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  6. Unilateral ECMO Withdrawal and the Argument From Distributive Justice.Daniel Edward Callies - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):72-74.
    Childress and colleagues (2023) review several arguments that would support the unilateral withdrawal of ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) against the wishes of a capacitated patient (Mr....
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  7.  2
    Significant Protection-Inclusion Tensions in Research on Medical Emergencies: A Practical Challenge for IRBs.Rachel C. Conrad, Neal W. Dickert & Benjamin C. Silverman - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):91-93.
    Friesen et al. (2023) describe barriers to research in patient populations that have been historically labeled as vulnerable and, as a result, are under-represented in research due to the Instituti...
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  8.  1
    The Moral Relevance of ECMO Bridge Maintenance.Andrew M. Courtwright - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):52-54.
    Childress et al. (2023) have provided a cogent overview of the ethical considerations involved in withdrawing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) over a capacitated patient’s objection. Alth...
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  9.  2
    The Research Protection-Inclusion Dilemma in Pregnancy: Who is Being Protected? Who is Being Included?Carl Terhune D'Angio & Lainie Ross - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):103-106.
    Pregnant people are often listed among groups that have been excluded from research on the basis of perceived vulnerability, to the detriment of the entire class. Lack of research among pregnant pe...
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  10.  2
    The ECMO Bridge and 5 Paths.Arthur R. Derse - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):1-4.
    Childress and coauthors present a case considering ECMO withdrawal over the objection of the conscious patient who is no longer a candidate for transplantation or other definitive therapeutic inter...
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  11.  2
    Ethical Issues in the Transition to ECMO as a Destination Therapy.Samuel N. Doernberg, Derek R. Soled & Robert D. Truog - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):18-20.
    Childress et al. (2023) present the case of a patient with capacity who requests to stay on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) indefinitely and highlight the ethical challenges associated w...
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  12.  1
    Balancing Protection and Inclusion by Including More Non-Scientist and Nonaffiliated Members on IRBs.Emily E. Anderson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):116-118.
    Given the primary mandate for institutional review boards (IRBs) to protect potential participants from harm, the egregious history of research abuses, and the fact that there is no mention of incl...
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  13.  1
    Why Deny ECMO-DT to the Incapacitated?Kyle E. Karches - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):70-72.
    Childress et al. (2023) argue in favor of “ECMO-DT,” the provision of ECMO indefinitely as “destination therapy” in the ICU for patients who are dependent on the technology to sustain their lives....
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  14.  3
    The Divergence of Technical and Human Teleology.Roxanne E. Kirsch - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):38-41.
    Childress et al. (2023) describe a disagreement between the competent patient and the physician recommending withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST). While the scenario is specific to ECMO, th...
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  15.  1
    What is Fair Representation in Research?Jennifer E. Miller & Stephen Latham - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):89-91.
    Friesen et al. (2023) article explores tensions within institutional review boards (IRBs) when they aim both to protect participants from harm and to include under-represented populations in clinic...
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  16.  2
    ECMO: What Would a Deliberative Public Judge?Leonard Michael Fleck - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):46-48.
    I fundamentally agree with Childress et al. (2023) in the scenario they have constructed with Mr. J. None of the arguments they critically assess are ethically persuasive enough to justify removing...
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  17.  1
    Bridge or Destination: Ethical Complexity, Emotional Unrest.Joel Frader, Erin Paquette, Kelly Michelson & Elaine Morgan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):44-46.
    The ethics of long-term Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) use, especially when organ recovery appears highly unlikely and the patient does not qualify for organ transplantation, are compli...
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  18.  2
    Reflection Requires Representation.Stephen S. Hanson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):126-128.
    I agree fully that a “clearer picture of how vulnerability might manifest and how it can be accommodated, ideally without resorting to mere exclusion from research, is needed” (Friesen et al. 2023,...
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  19.  2
    IRBs and Industry Sponsors: Clash of Priorities.Jacquelyn Harootunian-Cutts - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):122-124.
    In their target article, Friesen et al. (2023) offer recommendations primarily aimed at IRBs for reaching a better balance in the ongoing challenge of the protection-inclusion dilemma. The authors...
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  20.  1
    A Bridge to Nowhere.Seth Hollander & Danton Char - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):54-56.
    In the pediatric heart-failure population, severity of illness often forces therapeutic decisions to be made under time-pressure, such that mechanical circulatory support (MCS) can be offered as a...
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  21.  2
    When the Bridge Crumbles: Balancing ECMO-DT With Transplant Program Needs.Paul J. Hutchison, Neeraj Joshi & Katherine Wasson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):49-51.
    In their analysis Childress et al. (2023) suggest that withdrawal of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) over a patient’s dissent is not justified by existing ethical arguments. The alternat...
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  22.  1
    Can the Extraordinary Become Ordinary? Re-Examining the Ethics of ECMO-DT.Eric J. Kim & Jonathan M. Marron - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):59-61.
    Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is currently reserved predominantly for bridging patients to a different destination therapy, but the use of ECMO as a destination therapy itself (ECMO-DT...
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  23.  2
    Battle of the Bridge: Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support for Pediatric Patients over Family Objections.Jenny Kingsley, Emily R. Berkman & Sabrina F. Derrington - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):32-35.
    Childress et al. (2023) critically examine claims used to support unilateral withdrawal of life-sustaining ECMO over the objections of capacitated patients. The authors raise important concerns abo...
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  24.  1
    Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of a Capacitated Patient can be Appropriate.Alexander A. Kon - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):30-32.
    Unfortunately, there is broad confusion regarding the justification for healthcare professionals unilaterally limiting or withdrawing life-prolonging interventions. Many mistakenly believe that suc...
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  25.  4
    “Sorry, but the Ethicist Said Your Life Isn’t Actually Worth Living”: Misunderstanding Ethics and the Role of the Ethics Consultant.Andy Kondrat - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):24-27.
    In their target article, Childress et al. (2023) contemplate the ethical considerations associated with determining if and when life-sustaining interventions (in this case, ECMO) can be unilaterall...
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  26.  1
    Unilateral Withdrawal, Technological Creep, and the Role of Proportionality in ECMO Policy.Brendan Leier & Gurmeet Singh - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):68-70.
    There is a well-known American legal maxim, hard cases make bad law. If we agree that Mr. J’s case is hard, what lessons follow from the application of current ECMO guidelines and what kind of supp...
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  27.  1
    Integrating Community Perspectives on Inclusion and Protection into IRB Structures.Isabella Li & Christine Grady - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):94-97.
    IRBs often face dueling values in research: their historically grounded mission to protect research participants from harm conflicts with more recent attention to the importance of including underr...
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  28.  1
    Community Engagement and the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma.Rebekah McWhirter, Azure Hermes, Sharon Huebner & Alex Brown - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):100-102.
    In articulating the protection-inclusion dilemma, Friesen et al. (2023) identify an important issue facing institutional review boards (IRBs) and elucidate historical factors contributing to its de...
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  29.  1
    Personalizing Care and Communication at the Limits of Technology.Wynne Morrison & Katie Moynihan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):41-43.
    Life-saving healthcare technology evolves over time, raising new ethical questions. What was once experimental becomes standard care, and what was once unthinkable becomes the next frontier. Ethici...
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  30.  1
    Adolescents, Sensitive Topics, and Appropriate Access to Biomedical Prevention Research.Mary A. Ott - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):110-112.
    Adolescence, defined in the US as 11–21 years of age, is a critical period for prevention, as it marks the onset of risk behaviors. Minor (<18 years) self-consent and inclusion in biomedical resear...
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  31.  3
    Don’t Ask Too Much: Non-maleficence as the Guiding Principle in IRB Decision-Making.Bryan Pilkington & Elli Gourna Paleoudis - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):124-126.
    In “IRBs and The Protection Inclusion Dilemma: Finding a Balance,” Friesen et al. (2023) argue that IRBs ought to attend more, and better, to the need for the inclusion of under-researched populati...
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  32.  2
    The Human and Humanity that Differentiate Withholding from Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Therapy: An ECMO Bridge to Nowhere.Jonah Rubin, Ellen Robinson & Emily B. Rubin - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):62-64.
    In this issue of American Journal of Bioethics, Childress et al. address one of the most challenging modern clinical ethical dilemmas: the awake, competent patient dependent on extracorporeal membr...
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  33.  2
    Leveraging the Power of the Centralized IRB Review.Holly A. Taylor - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):118-119.
    First, the authors should be congratulated for bringing our attention to this important issue. They have made important observations about what may be holding us back in efforts to make progress in...
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  34.  2
    Researching Those in the Shadows: Undocumented Immigrants, Vulnerability, and the Significance of Research.Brian Tuohy & Jillian Jatres - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):106-109.
    In “IRBs and the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: Finding a Balance,” Dr. Phoebe Friesen and her collaborators (2023) provide a compelling framework that helps Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) think...
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  35.  3
    Included but Still Invisible?: Considering the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma in Qualitative Research Findings.Erika Versalovic, Asad Beck & Timothy Emmanuel Brown - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):97-100.
    The COVID-19 pandemic’s disproportionate harm to racialized communities and increased public attention to the deaths of Black people at the hands of police (Elijah McClain, Breonna Taylor, George F...
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  36.  2
    ECMO as a Palliative Bridge to Death.Rachel Rutz Voumard, Zied Ltaief, Lucas Liaudet & Ralf J. Jox - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):35-38.
    ECMO is a short-term measure providing temporary life support until resolution of the primary insult or transplantation. Thanks to technological advances in life support, its use has increased enor...
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  37.  2
    Ethical Withdrawal of ECMO Support Over the Objections of Competent Patients.Dominic Wilkinson, John Fraser, Jacky Suen, Mioko Kasagi Suzuki & Julian Savulescu - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):27-30.
    In their target article, Childress et al provide a detailed analysis of dilemmas arising from disagreement between an ICU team and a competent patient (Mr J) about dis/continuation of extra-corpore...
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  38.  11
    Therapists or Replicants? Ethical, Legal, and Social Considerations for Using ChatGPT in Therapy.Benjamin Amram, Uri Klempner, Shira Shturman & Dov Greenbaum - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):40-42.
    Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) discuss the ethical concerns associated with employing what they term conversational artificial intelligence as therapist substitutes. Given their apprehensions, they...
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  39.  4
    Conversational Artificial Intelligence—Patient Alliance Turing Test and the Search for Authenticity.Oren Asman, Amir Tal & Yechiel Michael Barilan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):62-64.
    Psychotherapy is provided by professionals, trained, supervised and certified by other professionals, all the way back to Freud and similar founding fathers. Even though methods and styles vary, pa...
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  40.  5
    No Substitute: The False Promise of Artificial Womb Technology as an Alternative to Abortion.Benjamin Patterson Brown & Katie Watson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):87-89.
    In their scoping review of the literature on artificial womb technology (AWT), De Bie et al. report that “complete ectogenesis has been hailed as an alternative to abortion,” (De Bie et al. 2023, 7...
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  41.  2
    Feminist Concerns About Artificial Womb Technology.Tamara Kayali Browne, Evie Kendal & Tiia Sudenkaarne - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):97-99.
    The paper by De Bie et al. (2023) provides an overview of various ethical arguments related to artificial womb technology (AWT). We believe some important feminist concerns about this technology ne...
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  42.  3
    On the Permissibility of Elective Ectogestation.James J. Cordeiro - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):116-118.
    Successful deployment of “artificial womb technology (AWT)” is anticipated within a decade or so. In the case of “partial” ectogestation, in vivo gestation precedes fetal transfer to an artificial...
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  43.  2
    Lost in Gestation: On Fetonates, Perinates, and Gestatelings.Lien De Proost & Geertjan Zuijdwegt - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):108-110.
    Recent discussion on artificial womb technology (AWT) has given rise to a proliferation of terms to denote the subject of AWT. De Bie et al. opt for “fetal neonate” or “fetonate’ as “the best way t...
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  44.  2
    Conversational Artificial Intelligence and the Potential for Epistemic Injustice.Michiel De Proost & Giorgia Pozzi - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):51-53.
    In their article, Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) propose a holistic, ethical, and epistemic analysis of conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) in psychotherapeutic settings. They mainly descri...
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  45.  3
    The Actionless Agent: An Account of Human-CAI Relationships.Charles E. Binkley & Bryan Pilkington - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):25-27.
    We applaud Sedlakova and Trachsel’s work and their description of conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) as possessing a hybrid nature with features of both a tool and an agent (Sedlakova and...
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  46.  4
    Therapeutic Artificial Intelligence: Does Agential Status Matter?Meghan E. Hurley, Benjamin H. Lang & Jared N. Smith - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):33-35.
    In their paper, “Conversational Artificial Intelligence in Psychotherapy: A New Therapeutic Tool or Agent?” Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) claim that therapeutic insights and therapeutic changes are...
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  47.  3
    Beyond the Domains: What Would be the Fundamental Ethical Questions in the Development of the Artificial Womb.Montserrat Esquerda, David Lorenzo & Margarita Bofarull - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):125-127.
    De Bie et al. (2023) introduces a framework to conceptualize ethical issues based on four different domains, but the problem lies in the domains being falsely bounded. Apart from the step from doma...
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  48.  2
    Abortion, Artificial Wombs, and the “No Difference” Argument.Leonard Michael Fleck - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):94-97.
    De Bie et al. (2023) call attention at the conclusion of their essay to the “novel questions” generated by complete ectogenesis. The question I explore is how complete ectogenesis from conception t...
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  49.  2
    Artificial Wombs or Artificial Feminism: What Is Wrong With Being Pregnant?Tessa Gavina, Chris Gastmans & Alice Cavolo - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):104-106.
    De Bie et al. (2023) found that most feminist literature praises Artificial Womb Technologies (AWT) for its potential to increase equality among the sexes. This literature frames gestation as a poi...
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  50.  1
    Artificial Womb Technology and the Restructuring of Gestational Boundaries.Richard B. Gibson & Lisa Campo-Engelstein - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):106-108.
    In their article, De Bie et al. (2023) provide a scoping review of the ethical and socio-legal issues arising from research into, and the potential, maybe even likely deployment of, artificial womb...
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  51.  3
    Deception Mode: How Conversational AI Can Respect Patient Autonomy.Jesse Gray - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):55-57.
    Sedlakova and Traschel (2023) propose limiting the scope and capabilities of psychotherapy-delivering conversational artificial intelligence (CAI), as (1) they deceive some users into thinking they...
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  52.  41
    Therapeutic Conversational Artificial Intelligence and the Acquisition of Self-understanding.J. P. Grodniewicz & Mateusz Hohol - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):59-61.
    In their thought-provoking article, Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) defend the view that the status—both epistemic and ethical—of Conversational Artificial Intelligence (CAI) used in psychotherapy is complicated. While therapeutic CAI seems to be more than a mere tool implementing particular therapeutic techniques, it falls short of being a “digital therapist.” One of the main arguments supporting the latter claim is that even though “the interaction with CAI happens in the course of conversation… the conversation is profoundly different from a conversation with (...)
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  53.  3
    Artificial Womb on Maternal Request and Without the Father’s Consent: Ethical Perspectives Through a Principlist Approach.Matteo Gulino, Pasquale Ricci & Gianluca Montanari Vergallo - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):121-123.
    De Bie et al. argued that the decision “to transfer the fetus to AWT falls under maternal autonomy” while “once the fetonate is being supported by AWT, decision making would become a shared parenta...
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  54.  2
    Tools, Agents or Something Different? – The Importance of Techno-Philosophical Premises in Analyzing Health Technology.Joschka Haltaufderheide & Robert Ranisch - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):19-22.
    In their careful analysis of conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) in psychotherapy, Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) propose a framework for the ethical evaluation of such technologies that lo...
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  55.  2
    Artificial Womb Technology, Catholic Health Care, and Social Justice.John Holmes & Laura Hosford - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):123-125.
    As strong as the ethical overview of artificial womb technology (AWT) by De Bie and colleagues is (De Bie et al. 2023), it does not adequately address ethical considerations that may arise within C...
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  56.  2
    Staying Curious With Conversational AI in Psychotherapy.Michael Holohan, Alena Buyx & Amelia Fiske - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):14-16.
    With the public release of the large language model-driven ChatGPT in November 2022, the potential for Conversational Artificial Intelligence (CAI) has once again catapulted into the spotlight. CAI...
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  57.  2
    Differences in Degree-not-Kind-of Responsibility within Conversational Artificial Intelligence.Kathryn Huber - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):31-32.
    Sedlakova and Trachsel (hereafter referred to as “the authors”) argue that conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) in psychotherapy presents an ethical challenge as a tool with aspects of agen...
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  58.  6
    A Different Take on the Law and Ethics of AWT.Susan Kennedy & Lawrence Nelson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):92-94.
    De Bie et al. (2023) hold out their paper as an effort “to identify the broad range of ethical concerns and considerations regarding AWT” and to organize them “into a comprehensive framework to org...
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  59.  1
    Toward a Broader Conception of Equity in Artificial Womb Technology.Laura L. Kimberly & Gwendolyn P. Quinn - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):114-116.
    De Bie et al. provide a novel framework for assessing ethical considerations in artificial womb technology (AWT) based on four phases of human prenatal development (DeBie 2023). As the authors note...
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  60.  4
    Justice, Vulnerable Populations, and the Use of Conversational AI in Psychotherapy.Bennett Knox, Pierce Christoffersen, Kalista Leggitt, Zeia Woodruff & Matthew H. Haber - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):48-50.
    Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) identify a major benefit of conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) in psychotherapy as its ability to expand access to mental healthcare for vulnerable populatio...
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  61.  1
    Capabilities and Stakeholders – Two Ways of Enriching the Ethical Debate on Artificial Womb Technology.André Krom, Angret de Boer, Rosa Geurtzen & Martine C. de Vries - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):110-113.
    The review by De Bie et al. (2023) provides an overview of the current ethical literature on artificial womb technology (AWT). Two characteristics stand out, and provide the basis for our commentar...
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  62.  3
    Bias and Epistemic Injustice in Conversational AI.Sebastian Laacke - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):46-48.
    According to Russell and Norvig’s (2009) classification, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the field that aims at building systems which either think rationally, act rationally, think like humans, or...
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  63.  5
    The Dilemmas of Artificial Wombs: Conventional Ethics and Science Fiction.John D. Lantos & Annie Janvier - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):82-85.
    Five years ago, remarkable animal experiments on artificial womb technology (AWT) at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) got us thinking about the ethical for premature babies. We recognized...
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  64.  3
    Expanding the Frame: An Afrofuturist Response to Artificial Womb Technology.Leah Lomotey-Nakon & Elizabeth Lanphier - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):99-101.
    De Bie et al. (2023) provide a thorough review of the existing literature concerning Artificial Womb Technology (AWT) using the PRISMA-ScR method. The summary of the scoping review they conducted a...
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  65.  2
    Viewing CAI as a Tool Within the Mental Health Care System.Nicole Martinez-Martin - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):57-59.
    Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) advocate for a holistic approach to assessing ethical application of conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) in mental health therapy. They first describe CAI as...
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  66.  3
    Responsible Use of CAI: An Evolving Field.Mehrdad Rahsepar Meadi, Neeltje Batelaan, Anton J. L. M. van Balkom & Suzanne Metselaar - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):53-55.
    Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) argue that on the one hand, conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) does not fulfill the necessary conditions for full attribution of agency, such as having consc...
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  67.  3
    Thinking Inside the Bag: Patient Selection, Framing the Ethical Discourse, and the Importance of Terminology in Artificial Womb Technology.Mark R. Mercurio & Kelly M. Werner - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):79-82.
    In 2017, Partridge et al. published remarkable experimental results concerning the use of a new artificial womb technology (AWT) with lambs, developed at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, called...
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  68.  11
    Tools and/or Agents? Reflections on Sedlakova and Trachsel’s Discussion of Conversational Artificial Intelligence.Sven Nyholm - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):17-19.
    Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) consider conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) as a new way of providing psychotherapy to patients. This is an important topic, and Sedlakova and Trachsel have...
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  69.  2
    Prenatal Testing: Responsibility and Reality.Rosamond Rhodes & Matthew J. Drago - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):128-131.
    In their article, “Non-invasive prenatal testing for ‘non-medical’ traits: ensuring consistency in ethical decision-making,” Hilary Bowman-Smart and colleagues (2023) claim merely to lay out the gr...
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  70.  2
    Beyond a Medicalized View of Reproduction: Recentering Pregnant People in the Ethics of Ectogenesis.Nina Roesner - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):102-104.
    De Bie et al. (2023) provide a helpful framework for understanding many of the ethical considerations regarding artificial womb technology (AWT), particularly in relation to existing reproductive t...
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  71.  4
    The Ethical and Legal Status of ‘Fetonates’ Or ‘Gestatelings’.Elizabeth Chloe Romanis - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):90-92.
    De Bie et al. posit thatthe best way to describe the person who would receive current AWT is as a “fetal neonate” or fetonate. Neonatal pertains to the fact that the subject is removed from the wom...
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  72.  4
    Ethical Aspects of Machine Listening in Healthcare.Austin M. Stroud, Joel E. Pacyna & Richard R. Sharp - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):1-3.
    Good listening is an essential element in the provision of quality healthcare (Attree 2001). Good listening also supports accurate diagnosis, patient adherence to medical recommendations, and stron...
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  73.  2
    Is the Mother’s Decision to Opt for Artificial Womb Technology Always “Supererogatory”?Kyoko Takashima, Tomohide Ibuki & Keiichiro Yamamoto - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):119-121.
    In their comprehensive review article, De Bie et al., using some references, discreetly point out that pregnant women’s decision in Domain III to undergo fetal extraction via C-section should conti...
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  74.  2
    Toward Relational Diversity for AI in Psychotherapy.Daniel W. Tigard - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):64-66.
    It is an understatement to say we live in an exciting time considering the increasingly widespread applications of artificial intelligence (AI). This observation is brought to the fore by Sedlakova...
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  75.  3
    Conversational Artificial Intelligence and Distortions of the Psychotherapeutic Frame: Issues of Boundaries, Responsibility, and Industry Interests.Meghana Kasturi Vagwala & Rachel Asher - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):28-30.
    Sedlakova and Traschel argue that conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) is more than a mere tool, but not quite an agent, as it “simulates having a therapeutic conversation [but] does not re...
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  76.  5
    Why We Should Understand Conversational AI as a Tool.Marlies N. van Lingen, Noor A. A. Giesbertz, J. Peter van Tintelen & Karin R. Jongsma - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):22-24.
    The introduction of chatGPT illustrates the rapid developments within Conversational Artificial Intelligence (CAI) technologies (Gordijn and Have 2023). Ethical reflection and analysis of CAI are c...
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  77.  6
    Artificial Placenta – Imminent Ethical Considerations for Research Trials and Clinical Translation.E. J. Verweij & Elselijn Kingma - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):85-87.
    De Bie et al. (2023) propose an organizing framework for different stages of human gestational development from conception to the viable premature. They also identify ethical considerations and con...
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  78.  2
    The Postphenomenological Impact of Conversational Artificial Intelligence on Autonomy and Psychological Integrity.Jordan Joseph Wadden - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):37-40.
    When used in psychotherapy, Sedlakova and Trachsel (2023) hypothesize that conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) ought to be considered as a new and hybrid artifact somewhere on a spectrum b...
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  79.  4
    Relational Reciprocity from Conversational Artificial Intelligence in Psychotherapy.Lillian Carol Wieland - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):35-37.
    I thank Jane Sedlakova and Manuel Trachsel for their work on situating conversational artificial intelligence’s (CAI) potential role in psychotherapy. In their article, Sedlakova and Trachsel argue...
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  80.  2
    Is the Algorithm Good in a Bad World, or Has It Learned to be Bad? The Ethical Challenges of “Locked” Versus “Continuously Learning” and “Autonomous” Versus “Assistive” AI Tools in Healthcare.Alaa Youssef, Michael Abramoff & Danton Char - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):43-45.
    What happens when a patient-interfacing conversational artificial intelligence system (CAI)—AI that combines natural language understanding, processing, and machine-learning models to autonomously...
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  81.  1
    Moral Distress in Military Medicine: Toward Analysis of, and Approach to Measurement, Prevention and Care.Megan Applewhite & James Giordano - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):86-88.
    Kolbe and de Melo-Martin (2023) describe fatal problems in current definitions and measurement of moral distress and injury (MD/I) in medical professionals, which impede development of genuine atte...
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  82. On Racist Tools and the Bioethics Lexicon.Robert Baker - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):25-28.
    Shen-yi Liao and Vanessa Cabonell’s “Materialized Oppression in Medical Tools and Technologies,” joins the long list of groundbreaking papers whose importance is obscured by an innocuous title. Som...
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  83.  8
    How Medical Technologies Materialize Oppression.Marion Boulicault - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):40-43.
    Biomedical practice can encode and perpetuate oppressive ideologies. This encoding and perpetuation, scholars like Liao and Carbonell (2023) convincingly argue, can occur not only via social practi...
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  84. Measuring Moral Distress: Improving the Tools by Educating Clinicians.Lauren Boxell & Elizabeth Lanphier - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):61-63.
    In “Moral Distress: What are we measuring?” Kolbe and de Melo-Martin (2023) rightly note that varied understanding of moral distress, paired with shortcomings in existing empirical tools to accurat...
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  85.  1
    Ethics Debriefs and Moral Distress: What are we Doing?A. Lee de Bie, Steve Abdool, Jeremy Butler, Alexandra Campbell, Maram Hassanein, Sean Hillman, Juhee Makkar, Rochelle Maurice, Jamie Robertson, Michael J. Szego & Dave Langlois - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):74-77.
    Our team at the Centre for Clinical Ethics has long been engaged in internal discussion about the purpose and value of ethics debriefs and their purported role in reducing moral distress (Morley an...
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  86.  2
    Preventing Bias in Medical Devices: Identifying Morally Significant Differences.Anne-Floor J. de Kanter, Manon van Daal, Nienke de Graeff & Karin R. Jongsma - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):35-37.
    Liao and Carbonell discuss the role of (supposed) racial differences and racism in two medical devices: pulse oximeters and spirometers. They show that what might seem like cases of mere bias, are...
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  87.  79
    ChatGPT: Temptations of Progress.Rushabh H. Doshi, Simar S. Bajaj & Harlan M. Krumholz - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):6-8.
    ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that processes and generates natural language text, offering human-like responses to a wide range of questions and prompts. Five days after its re...
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  88. Measure for Measure: Condemning the Actor and Not the Fault.Elizabeth G. Epstein, Ashley R. Hurst, Dawn Bourne & Mary Faith Marshall - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):66-68.
    Kolbe and de Melo-Martin’s (2023) arguments draw attention to what is most useful about moral distress—identifying its causes is at least as important as measuring its severity. Jameton’s original...
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  89. How Materialized Oppression Contributes to Bioethics.Kadija Ferryman & J. Henry Brems - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):1-5.
    Liao and Carbonell’s (2023) article, “Materialized Oppression in Medical Tools and Technologies” directs our attention, not to new cutting edge medical technologies, but to the pulse oximeter and t...
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  90.  37
    Materialized Oppression in Inpatient Psychiatric Unit Design.Grayson Holt, Jeffrey Zabinski & Topaz Sampson-Mills - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):43-45.
    Liao and Carbonell argue that medical devices are often not merely biased, but rather materialize oppression through the perpetuation of oppression into the present and future (Liao and Carbonell 2...
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  91.  2
    Historicizing Technological Hegemony.Joel D. Howell - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):38-40.
    Liao and Carbonell point out that much of the danger embedded in “materialized oppression” derives from the fact that the essence of that marginalized oppression may not be overt. It can often rece...
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  92.  2
    Systems, Wrongs, and Moral Aggregation.Katrina Hutchison - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):24-25.
    Medical devices with built-in bias can both result from, and contribute to, harmful systemic racial oppression—a point that Liao and Carbonell (2023) argue convincingly in the target article of thi...
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  93.  1
    Moral Distress as Critique: Going beyond ‘Illegitimate Institutional Constraints’.Kate Jackson-Meyer, Xavier Symons & Charlotte Duffee - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):79-82.
    Kolbe and de Melo-Martin (2023) raise important concerns about the limited usefulness of measures of moral distress. They propose that moral distress is best measured in terms of “illegitimate inst...
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  94. Racism-Conscious Praxis: A Framework to Materialize Anti-Oppression in Medicine, Public Health, and Health Policy.Rohan Khazanchi, Derek R. Soled & Ruqaiijah Yearby - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):31-34.
    Liao and Carbonell explore how oppressive medical technologies constitute materiality insofar as they reflect past oppression, embody oppression in the present day, and carry oppression into the fu...
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  95. Moral Distress: The Context of Measurement.Niek Kok, Marieke Zegers, Cornelia Hoedemaekers & Jelle van Gurp - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):71-74.
    Kolbe and de Melo-Martin (2023) provide a much needed reflection on the methods by which we measure moral distress. Their analysis, however, gives off the impression that the measures of moral dist...
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  96. Materialized Oppression in Medical Tools and Technologies.Shen-yi Liao & Vanessa Carbonell - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):9-23.
    It is well-known that racism is encoded into the social practices and institutions of medicine. Less well-known is that racism is encoded into the material artifacts of medicine. We argue that many medical devices are not merely biased, but materialize oppression. An oppressive device exhibits a harmful bias that reflects and perpetuates unjust power relations. Using pulse oximeters and spirometers as case studies, we show how medical devices can materialize oppression along various axes of social difference, including race, gender, class, (...)
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  97. Capturing Moral Distress as a Global Phenomenon in Healthcare.Heidi Matisonn, Jantina de Vries & Jackie Hoare - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):82-84.
    Whilst Kolbe and de Melo-Martin (2023) appropriately identify a range of concerns about the validity of existing instruments to measure moral distress, one additional limitation that the authors di...
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  98. Medicalized Oppression: Labels of “Violence Risk” in the Electronic Medical Record.Zamina Mithani & J. Wesley Boyd - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):28-31.
    Often a physician’s first introduction to a patient is not a physical encounter but a review of their chart. A glaring “violence risk” flag in an Electronic Medical Record (EMR) is often noticeable...
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  99.  3
    Moral Distress and Justifiable Constraints on Moral Agency.Georgina Morley & Lauren R. Sankary - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):77-79.
    While Jameton’s (1984) definition of moral distress has been embraced by researchers and scholars for recognizing the many constraints that nurses experience on their moral agency, it has also been...
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  100. Moral Distress Tools: Not Just a Question of What but Why Are We Measuring?Trisha M. Prentice - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):59-61.
    All research tools have limitations. Not all tools will be suited to every purpose. Understanding the limitations and accurately interpreting the output from any tool is essential to conducting mea...
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  101. Instruments of Moral Distress: An Analysis Based on Scientificity and Application Value.Lijun Shen, Hui Zhang, Yongguang Yang, Shixiu Liao & Yuming Wang - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):89-91.
    In the target article by Kolbe and de Melo-Martin (2023), the authors discussed several shortcomings of major instruments of moral distress, including the Moral Distress Scale (MDS) (Corley et al....
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  102.  3
    Measuring Moral Distress and its Various Sources.Connie M. Ulrich & Christine Grady - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):63-65.
    Moral distress is indeed distressing for those who experience it and whose sense of integrity can be shaken by exposure to events or situations that test their core values and ethical belief system...
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  103. Moral Distress Is a Systemic Problem Requiring Organizational Solutions.Timothy Usset & Sophia Fantus - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):84-86.
    Laura Kolbe and Inmaculada de Melo-Martin (2023) give perspective on the challenge of measuring and defining the concept of moral distress (MD). Limitations in psychometric instruments are a consta...
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  104. Evolving Measures of Moral Distress: Imperfect Does Not Mean Irrelevant.Lucia D. Wocial - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (4):68-71.
    The article “Moral distress: What are we measuring?” by Kolbe and de Melo-Martin (2023) is an important contribution both to the literature and research agenda for the complicated construct of mora...
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  105.  2
    The Slippery Slope of Prenatal Testing for Social Traits.Courtney Canter, Kathleen Foley, Shawneequa L. Callier, Karen M. Meagher, Margaret Waltz, Aurora Washington, R. Jean Cadigan, Anya E. R. Prince & the Beyond the Medical R01 Research Team - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):36-38.
    Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) argue for a framework to examine the ethical issues associated with genetic screening for non-medical traits in the context of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT). Such s...
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  106. Terminology and Consistency.Angus Clarke - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):53-55.
    The paper by Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) on noninvasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT) for non-medical traits aims to set out the case for and the case against such testing. In response to their pa...
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  107. Expanding Our Thoughts about Autonomy in Relation to Whether We Should Offer Genetic Testing for Nonmedical Traits.Kelly E. Ormond - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):21-23.
    The Target Article “Non-invasive prenatal testing for ‘non-medical’ traits: ensuring consistency in ethical decision making” by Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) raises the important issue that “decision-...
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  108. Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Ethical Issues in Using Behavior Contracts to Manage the ‘Difficult’ Patient Family”.Autumn Fiester - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):1-4.
    In the piece, “Ethical Issues in Using Behavior Contracts to Manage the ‘Difficult’ Patient and Family,” Chase Yuan and I (Fiester and Yuan 2023) argue that an important set of ethical concerns nee...
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  109. Nurtured Genetics: Prenatal Testing and the Anchoring of Genetic Expectancies.Rémy Furrer, Shai Carmi, Todd Lencz & Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):42-44.
    If polygenic risk scores for traits are to be provided to parents before—as opposed to after—a child is born, these scores will provide the very first units of information upon which parents will b...
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  110. Considering the Collective in Ethical Decision-Making Concerning Non-Medical Uses of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing.Tess Johnson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):23-25.
    In their recently published target article, Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) summarize the ethical issues at play in both the case for and the case against using NIPT to screen for non-medical traits.The...
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  111.  1
    Bioethicists Are Not so Divided on Reproductive Testing for Non-Medical Traits: Emerging Perspectives on Polygenic Scores.Kalina Kamenova & Hazar Haidar - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):48-50.
    The article by Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) argues that there are inconsistencies in our ethical frameworks regarding the use of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and polygenic scores for identifyi...
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  112.  2
    Going Back to Basics: What is the Target of Prenatal Screening?Anne-Marie Laberge, Marie-Christine Roy, Erika Kleiderman & Vardit Ravitsky - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):50-52.
    In “Non-invasive prenatal testing for ‘non-medical’ traits: Ensuring consistency in ethical decision-making,” Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) lay out arguments both for and against the potential use of...
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  113.  1
    The Need for Diverse Empirical Data to Inform the Use of Polygenic Risk Scores in Prenatal Screening.Skye Adell Miner & Stacey Pereira - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):39-41.
    Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) suggest that the current ethical frameworks used to evaluate the use of noninvasive prenatal technologies (e.g., NIPT) are inconsistent when used to analyze the ethics of...
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  114.  1
    The Potential Role of Nudging in Expanded Noninvasive Prenatal Testing.Kelsey Mumford, Nina Roesner & Benjamin E. Berkman - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):61-63.
    The authors of the target article discuss the expansion of the scope of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) that is likely to occur in the near future, including its possible extension to “non-medi...
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  115.  1
    Consistency of What? Appropriately Contextualizing Ethical Analysis of Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing.Ainsley J. Newson, Zuzana Deans, Lisa Dive & Isabella Catherine Holmes - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):56-58.
    It is unarguable that the implementation and use of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) should be critical and appropriate. After all, decisions that influence when and how to have children have ut...
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  116. Role of Vulnerability and Control in Prenatal Testing Ethical Decision-Making.Renzo Pegoraro, Carlo Casalone & Monica Consolandi - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):34-36.
    Due to the recent gains in biomedical sciences, the fetus1 is more exposed and subjected to increasing possibilities of intervention, becoming a full-fledged patient, and entering more often into a...
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  117.  3
    Prenatal Testing for Non-Medical Traits.Stephen R. Quake - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):1-2.
    Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) have written a thoughtful and balanced essay examining some of the ethical issues surrounding large scale use of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) (Fan et al. 2008; Chi...
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  118.  3
    Genomic uncertainty as a burden for reproductive choice? The problem of probabilistic causation in non-invasive prenatal testing.Jon Rueda & Mar Vallés-Poch - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):26-28.
    Hilary Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) have rightly pointed out that one of the recurring criticisms of the use of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for nonmedical trait prediction is the probabilistic nature of polygenic scores. Those estimates do not establish a direct causal relationship, but rather a probabilistic association between having some genetic variants and the development of particular traits. The authors then suggest that differences in the predictive value of polygenic scores may pose a practical problem that increases the information (...)
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  119. Genomic Uncertainty as a Burden for Reproductive Choice? The Problem of Probabilistic Causation in Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing.Jon Rueda & Mar Vallès-Poch - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):26-28.
    Hilary Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) have rightly pointed out that one of the recurring criticisms of the use of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for non-medical trait prediction is the probabilist...
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  120.  1
    Including Non-Medical Traits in the NIPT: What Can We Learn from an Ethics of Care Approach?Anke Snoek & Sanne Van Der Hout - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):32-33.
    Bowman-Smart and colleagues (2023) argue that techniques to screen and analyze the fetal genome are rapidly evolving, and are sometimes already offered commercially. These new developments will all...
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  121.  1
    Noninvasive Testing for “Non-Medical” Traits: A Misplaced Expressive Concern, Tough Policy Choices.David Wasserman - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):59-61.
    Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) do an admirable job of explaining the expansion of noninvasive prenatal testing and outlining the arguments for and against testing for “non-medical” traits—arguments com...
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  122.  1
    Security and Sharing of NIPT Data Are the Basis of Ethical Decision-Making Related to Non-Medical Traits.Wenke Yang, Zhenglong Guo, Weili Shi, Litao Qin, Xiaoliang Xia, Bingtao Hao & Shixiu Liao - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):29-31.
    Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) outlined the scenario that with the content expansion of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in the future, its application is not limited to the screening for aneuploidi...
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  123. Anticipatory Governance of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing for “Non-Medical” Traits: Lessons from Regulation of Medically Assisted Reproduction.Hui Zhang, Jing Wang, Yan Qin, Chuanfeng Zhang, Bingwei Wang & Yuming Wang - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):45-47.
    Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) sketched a hypothetical scenario involving noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for “non-medical” traits available for expectant parents in the near future. By critically...
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  124.  3
    Clarifying the DDR and DCD.James L. Bernat - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):1-3.
    Over the past quarter century, organ donation after the circulatory determination of death (DCD) has grown in acceptance and prevalence throughout the world (Domínguez-Gil et al. 2021). Notwithstan...
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  125.  8
    Never Let Me Go: “Almost Dead” Isn’t Good Enough.Michelle J. Clarke - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):60-61.
    Nobel Laureate Kazou Ishiguro’s (2010) novel “Never Let Me Go” follows individuals intentionally bred to donate their organs over multiple years, ultimately dying when the final “vital organs” are...
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  126.  2
    Changing the Focus in the Donation After Circulatory Death Debates.Miriam Piven Cotler, Michael Nurok, Pedro A. Catarino, Rosemary O’Meeghan & Jason N. Batten - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):48-49.
    In their target article, Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland (2023) address a longstanding debate within the bioethics and organ transplantation community regarding whether controlled donation after circula...
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  127.  5
    Normothermic Regional Perfusion, Causes, and the Dead Donor Rule.Andrew M. Courtwright - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):46-47.
    The interpretation of the dead donor rule (DDR) has been central to recent debates regarding normothermic regional perfusion with controlled donation after circulatory death (NRP-cDCD). Proponents...
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  128.  4
    Donor Rules—Dead and Living.Jed Adam Gross - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):61-63.
    The “Dead Donor Rule” (DDR) is an important injunction shaping the field of organ retrieval and scholarly assessments of specific retrieval practices’ permissibility (e.g., Pasquerella, Smith, and...
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  129.  2
    Some Problems with the ‘It Has Been Decided That You Will Die and Are No Longer in Need of Your Organs Donor Rule’.Søren Holm - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):26-28.
    In their intriguing and closely argued paper Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland argue that the “Dead Donor Rule” (DDR) has been consistently misinterpreted and that it should properly be understood as a ru...
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  130.  8
    DCD Donors Are Dying, but Not Dead.L. Syd M. Johnson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):28-30.
    As usually understood, the Dead Donor Rule (DDR) for organ donation requires either that (1) the donor is already dead (which legally occurs when death is determined by neurological criteria), and/or that (2) organ procurement does not cause the donor’s death.
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  131.  4
    Almagest Again? An Epistemological Critique of Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland.David Kaufman, Michael J. Nabozny & Margie Hodges Shaw - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):33-35.
    Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland (2023) argue that controlled donation after circulatory death does not violate the dead donor rule because the dead donor rule “merely requires that procurement of organs...
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  132.  2
    The Needs to Focus on Process and Precise Language in Ethical Determination of cDCD.Robert Klitzman & Ahmed N. Khan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):50-52.
    Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland (2023) raise important considerations, but confuse certain critical issues and overlook others, and questions emerge about how these decisions should be made in our socie...
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  133.  2
    Why We Still Need a Substantive Determination of Death.Karola Kreitmair - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):55-57.
    In their target article, Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland (2023) exhort us to stop “focus[ing] on the validity of the criteria for determination of [circulatory] death” and “instead [look at] DCD protoco...
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  134.  4
    The Dead Donor Rule, Reversibility and Donor Wishes.Stephen R. Latham & Ramesh K. Batra - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):31-32.
    We agree with Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland’s (2023) assessment that the Dead Donor Rule (DDR) should be viewed as an essential requirement of the organ donation process, and that the essence of the r...
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  135.  3
    Cerebral Circulatory Arrest and the Dead Donor Rule.Christos Lazaridis - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):43-45.
    Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland argue that controlled donation after circulatory death (DCD), and normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) do not violate the dead donor rule (DDR) (Nielsen Busch and Mjaala...
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  136.  3
    Donors and Organs at the Borders of Vitality and Public Trust: Why DCD Donors Must Be Dead and Not Dying.John P. Lizza & Aasim Padela - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):53-55.
    In their target article, Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland seek to shift focus away from controversy over whether donors in protocols of controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) are dead. Citing...
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  137.  4
    Dead Enough? NRP-cDCD and Remaining Questions for the Ethics of DCD Protocols.Patrick McCruden, Jason T. Eberl, Erica K. Salter & Kyle Karches - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):41-43.
    In their article, Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland defend the moral permissibility of cDCD, suggesting that much of the controversy around this donation practice has been the result of a misinterpretatio...
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  138.  4
    Is Transparency about the Line between Life and Death Good for Organ Donation?Jerry Menikoff - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):24-26.
    People of a certain age will immediately recognize the image of a distraught woman, hand to her forehead, bemoaning how she just now realized that she forgot to have children. Nielsen Busch and Mja...
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  139.  2
    Pragmatic Aspects of Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death and Ethical Considerations for Alternative Approaches.Paul Morrissey - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):14-17.
    A 55-year-old man, admitted to the hospital after an episode of aphasia due to transient ischemic attack, underwent ultrasound imaging that showed near occlusion of the left carotid artery. A carot...
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  140.  5
    The Dead Donor Rule Is Not Morally Sufficient.Stephen Napier - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):57-59.
    Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland (2023) argue that controlled donation after cardiac death (cDCD) protocols prescribe the extraction of organs that do not violate the dead donor rule. I argue here that e...
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  141.  2
    Protecting Life and Ensuring Death—Confounding the Dead Donor Rule.Adam Omelianchuk - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):20-22.
    Nielsen Bush and Mjaaland (“the authors” hereafter) argue that controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) protocols that target abdominal organs are consistent with the dead donor rule (DDR...
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  142.  2
    Not Dead, but Close Enough? You Cannot Have Your Cake and Eat It Too in Satisfying the DDR in cDCD.Brendan Parent & Tamar Schiff - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):22-24.
    In “Does Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death Violate the Dead Donor Rule?” the authors maintain that compliance with the dead donor rule (DDR) does not require a valid determination of deat...
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  143.  2
    The Dead Donor Rule Does Require that the Donor is Dead.Lainie Ross - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):12-14.
    Emil Nielsen Busch and Marius Mjaaland (2023) ask whether controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) violates the dead donor rule (DDR). They begin their article with the claim, “The dead d...
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  144.  3
    Don’t Leave the Heart Behind.Robert Sade & John Entwistle - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):38-40.
    The Dead Donor Rule (DDR) states that organ donation must not cause the death of the donor and is generally interpreted as requiring that the donor be declared dead before organs can be removed (Be...
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  145.  4
    Death Lost in Translation.Daniel P. Sulmasy & Anne L. Dalle Ave - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):17-19.
    We thank Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland for their article on the dead donor rule (Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland 2023). We would like to take this opportunity to go beyond the dead donor rule in order to r...
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  146.  2
    Defining the Cause of Death and Vitality of Organs in the Ethical Analysis of Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death Procedures.Giuliano Testa & Anji Wall - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (2):35-38.
    In their manuscript, Nielsen Busch and Mjaaland (2023) argue that controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) is compatible with the dead donor rule (DDR) by describing the DDR and the incor...
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  147.  1
    Whose Trauma? Who’s Trauma Informed?Uchenna E. Anani & Elizabeth Lanphier - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):98-100.
    This case raises questions of what “trauma-informed care” (TIC) means to the medical team caring for Maurice and how they embrace a TIC approach. There are established principles of trauma-informed...
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  148.  3
    Rethinking the Moral Authority of Experience: Critical Insights and Reflections from Black Women Scholars.Alicia Best, Folasade C. Lapite & Faith E. Fletcher - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):27-30.
    The field of bioethics is calling for a new generation of scholars equipped with the normative, empirical, and practical knowledge and expertise to prioritize equity concerns largely underrepresent...
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  149.  47
    The Benefits of Experience Greatly Exceed the Liabilities.Ethan Bradley & David Wasserman - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):44-46.
    Nelson et al.(2023) argue that the inclusion of personal experience in bioethical debates has significant benefits and liabilities, illustrating their claim with two examples: unproven medical treatments and disability bioethics. We believe that the benefits of including personal experience in disability bioethics far exceed its liabilities. The absence of participants with relevant experience impoverishes and biases bioethical debates, while the biases risked by their inclusion are hardly unique to personal experiences and are readily mitigated.
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  150.  1
    Paperwork: Put Behavior Contracts at the Bottom of the Pile.Caroline Ann Buchanan - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):75-77.
    In their article, “Ethical Issues in Using Behavior Contracts to Manage the “Difficult’ Patient and Family,” Autumn Fiester and Chase Yuan (2023) identify six ethical concerns regarding the specifi...
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  151.  1
    Conflict Over Death by Neurologic Criteria: Caution, Consent, and Nursing Considerations.Sabrina F. Derrington & Brenda Barnum - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):88-90.
    Maddie’s story illustrates the critical importance of healthcare teams (HCTs) having inclusive multidisciplinary provider meetings prior to siloed conversations with families. It is paramount that...
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  152.  2
    Disputes over Diagnosing Death: Is It Ethical to Test for Death by Neurologic Criteria over Parental Objection?Leah R. Eisenberg - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):86-87.
    In popular culture, death is typically presented as clear and binary- someone is either walking and talking and alive, or very obviously still and dead. Reality is more complicated than the movies,...
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  153.  3
    Trusting the Ethics Consultant: Adopting a Trauma-Informed Approach to Ethics Consultation.P. J. Ford, G. Morley & L. R. Sankary - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):101-103.
    Layers of complexity arise when a person arrives in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) due to self-harm intended to end their life and when there is known past personal trauma. We highlight three importa...
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  154. The Patient as Responsible Agent: Ethical Constructs Important to considering Behavioral Contracts for “Difficult” Patients and Families.James Giordano & Megan Applewhite - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):77-79.
    Fiester and Yuan (2023) highlight ethical concerns important for considering behavioral contracts to manage charged/challenging interactions with patients and/or families. We support the viability...
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  155.  1
    What is “Personal” About Personal Experience? A Call to Reflexivity for All.Meghan Halley & Colin Halverson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):39-41.
    In their article, Nelson et al. (2023) raise concerns regarding the “paradox of experience” as it relates to the practice of bioethics. They argue that while experience provides individuals with in...
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  156.  1
    The Fallibility of Personal Experience.Eva Feder Kittay - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):25-27.
    This excellent article (Nelson et al. 2023) clarifies the difficulties of incorporating diverse voices and those who speak of their own experience, into bioethics, a field that aspires to be object...
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  157. The Problem of “Relevant Experience”.Craig Konnoth - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):36-38.
    In their intriguing article “Bioethics and the Moral Authority of Experience,” Nelson and colleagues (2023) provide important insight into an important ethical problem. We frequently demand that th...
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  158. Beyond Mediation: A Toolkit Approach to Preventing and Managing Conflict with Patients and Families in Difficulty.Deena R. Levine, Katherine B. Steuer, Kimberly E. Sawyer, Andrew Elliott & Liza-Marie Johnson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):70-73.
    While we agree with Fiester and Yuan (2023) that ethicists should not execute behavioral agreements in their role as clinical consultants along with many of the authors’ criticisms of such contract...
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  159.  2
    The Right Tool for the Job: A Taxonomy for Stakeholder Engagement.Katherine E. MacDuffie - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):33-35.
    Nelson et al. (2023) have deftly articulated a “paradox of experience” that applies to most if not all stakeholder engagement efforts in bioethics. Eliciting the perspectives of people with first-h...
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  160.  1
    Pediatric Brain Death Testing Over Parental Objections: Not an Ethically Preferable Option.Jonathan M. Marron - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):90-93.
    In many ways, Maddie’s case brings together some of the most challenging features seen in clinical ethics consultation. First, it centers around a heart-wrenching event—the near-drowning of a young...
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  161. Transforming Behavior Contracts Into Collaborative Commitments With Families.Armand H. Matheny Antommaria, Laura Monhollen, Dawn Nebrig & Jerry Schwartz - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):73-75.
    Staff at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center used behavior contracts to address “difficult” patients and families for years. Nonadherence with recommended medical treatments was generally...
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  162.  4
    Who’s Experience, Which Liability?Jennifer McCurdy & Michelle T. Pham - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):41-43.
    Nelson et al. (2023) make a unique contribution, raising key questions and considerations about the value of lived experiences as they pertain to normative debates in bioethics. The authors grapple...
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  163.  1
    Disability Bioethics and the “Liabilities” of Personal Experience.Kevin Todd Mintz - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):31-33.
    In “Bioethics and the Moral Authority of Experience,” Ryan Nelson et al. (2022) argue that personal experience can simultaneously be an asset and a liability in the practice of bioethics and medici...
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  164. Potential Legal Problems Embedded in Behavior Contracts.Haavi Morreim - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):61-64.
    Fiester and Yuan (2023) address an important, hitherto underdiscussed issue: ethical hazards of behavior contracts linked to patients’ and families’ demeanor in interacting with the healthcare team...
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  165.  2
    Unique Ethical and Practical Considerations in the Use of Behavior Contracts for Families of Minors and Minoritized Populations in Pediatric Settings.Erin Talati Paquette, Lori Mendelsohn & Aleksandra E. Olszewski - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):82-85.
    Fiester and Yuan discuss important ethical concerns regarding the use of behavior contracts in addressing conflict with patients and families labeled as “difficult” (Fiester and Yuan 2023). We agre...
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  166.  3
    Behavior Contracts Are Not Psychologically Naïve.Michael Redinger - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):79-81.
    Fiester and Yuan offer several critiques of the use of behavior contracts in managing difficult patients and families (Fiester and Yuan 2023). This open peer commentary is not intended to refute ea...
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  167. Behavior Contracts and Lessons from Parenting “Rotten” Kids.Rosamond Rhodes & Jolion McGreevy - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):67-70.
    In their paper, “Ethical Issues in Using Behavior Contracts to Manage the “Difficult” Patient and Family,” Autumn Fiester and Chase Yuan raise numerous important ethical concerns regarding behavior...
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  168. Ethics, Engagement, and Escalating Interventions.John S. Rozel - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):65-67.
    Workplace violence in healthcare has become a crisis in and of itself. Before COVID, more than three-quarters of all US workplace violence injuries were against healthcare professionals with some s...
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  169.  2
    “What Does a Life Worth Living Mean to You?” Narrative Approaches to Ethics Consultation in the Context of Trauma, Treatment Refractory Depression, and Life-Sustaining Care Refusals.Kaila A. Rudolph - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):103-106.
    Trauma informed care (TIC) “realizes the widespread impact of trauma… recognizes the signs and symptoms of trauma in clients, families and staff; responds by fully integrating knowledge of trauma i...
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  170.  3
    Bioethics and the Power Asymmetry Contextualizing Experience.Joseph A. Stramondo - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):1-3.
    In “Bioethics and the Moral Authority of Experience,” Nelson et al. explore what they refer to as “The Paradox of Experience.” The authors characterize this paradox formally as follows:(A) Personal...
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  171. Trauma-Informed Ethics Consultation in the ICU: Exploring Best Practices in a Case Involving a Self-Inflicted Gunshot Wound.Anita J. Tarzian - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):96-97.
    Responding to the impact of prior trauma on mental and physical health and disease/injury recovery is decades-old. In the 1970s, healthcare providers and researchers expanded our understanding of h...
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  172.  1
    Assisted Dying: More Attention Should Be Paid to the Epistemic Asset of Personal Experience.Yuming Wang, Yongguang Yang, Feifei Gao, Lihan Miao & Hui Zhang - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):46-49.
    The target article (Nelson et al. 2023) offers a valuable contribution to the “paradox of experience,” which was illustrated by using examples about access to unproven medical products and disabili...
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  173.  2
    Responding to Parental Objections Over Testing for Death by Neurologic Criteria.Ian D. Wolfe - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):94-95.
    Navigating tragic circumstances in pediatrics requires consideration of parental grief responses. We meet parents where they are, not where we might want them to be. Different parents grieve differ...
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