A small group of Apulian vases of the second half of the IV century B.C. show the descent of Orpheus to the Underworld, his arrival to Hades’ and Persephone’s palace, where he was able to thrill both infernal gods with his song. The iconographic program of these vases, full of mythical stories and religious teachings destined to give comfort and hope of life beyond death, allows us to know the imagery of the underworld kingdom and of this religious character that (...) intercedes before the netherworld gods to obtain from them the salvation of the mortals and their entry in a beatifical and paradisiacal world beyond ours. (shrink)

The Weber thesis on a hypothetical imprint of Protestantism in the «spirit» of capitalism has been widely spread. Not willing to discredit his proposal, the truth is that, being falsifiable with difficulty, some careless wordings have been derived from it claiming to explain the present economical circumstances through differential religious facts. Being religion an unparalleled all covering feature, such circumstances depend on many factors. It has been claimed some scientific status through the most diverse socioeconomic data. This is something also (...) applicable to those who claim to refute him. The intoxication so emanated from the Weber’s work seems disconcerting, seeing in it from an attempt to legitimate capitalism to a confirmation of the Black Legend. This work does not try to support or reject the thesis, but to investigate the kind of issues that could cause its formulation. For this purpose, it focuses on less usual questions, such as the analysis of the doctrinal features of Protestantism from which the Weber’s arguments would arise. (shrink)

En este artículo se analiza el significado simbólico del petroglifo de Los Aulagares, en Zalamea la Real. Éste se explica como el resultado de varias rogativas por la lluvia. Se representaron allí las gotas del agua solicitada y una divinidad solar. Esta manifestación de arte rupestre se puede fechar a fines del III milenio a.C. Se produjo entonces una rápida e importante evolución climática –el evento 4.2 cal BP– que aumentó la aridez en el sur de la península ibérica. Los (...) datos paleoambientales de Andalucía y La Mancha, pero también el análisis estilístico de los grabados, permiten fechar el petroglifo e interpretarlo como una respuesta religiosa al problema de la persistente sequía. (shrink)

During the period of transition from 6th century BC to 5th century BC, Magna Graecia experienced great social and political transformations. The rise of tyranny and the early democratic progress produced an erosion of the aristocracy’s power and the consecration of the Sanctuary of Delphi as the foremost source of legitimacy for this new political centrality. The case of Metapontion provides a special opportunity to observe this process, because we have several sources, including a Herodotus story, that allow us to (...) analyze the form of Delphic cult crystallized among the metapontians. The highest expression of this cult was the temenos of Apollo and Aristeas, that I provide an interpretation in this paper, supplemented by a possible identification of a base that had formed part of the monumental complex and would be represented in the numismatic record. This base is currently in the facilities of the Parco Archeologico dell’area urbana di Metaponto. (shrink)

This paper seeks a legal approach to the question of the implications of various religious beliefs in food. To begin with, it will be made a descriptive analysis of how the religious event influences and conditions the food consumption of believers, approaching both the three majoritarian or most representative religions of our country as well as several minority religions. Next, we will go on to observe and point out the obligations arising from Spanish Law regarding this aspect. Finally, once these (...) two areas have been analyzed and with what they illustrate, we will focus the main objective of this study giving our opinion on whether this is an issue that depends on the Law and that depend on a legislator or if, on the contrary, it is a question that belongs more to the internal sphere of citizens. (shrink)

The aim of this article is to analyse the semantics that has acquired the fear’s symbolism in the culture of Chilean Pentecostalism. By means of the revision and analysis of bibliographic information, we will show how the figure of fear is revealed in the images of hell, the Devil and God. Then we will provide an interpretation of the symbolic peculiarity of fear, which seems to operate as a kind of master symbol of Pentecostalism, not only because it is one (...) of the most important symbols of this culture, but because its polysemy helps to attract the attention of the believers. This would allow it to gather a wide range of paradoxical meanings and to thematize the distinction between transcendence and immanence, and also to facilitate the transmission of one image of fear with a clear deontological and exemplary function for its believers. In order to achieve this, the symbol of fear uses resources from the historical, social and cultural context. (shrink)

At work a characterization of the sins of word, i.e., those transgressions in which predominated orality, to understand what was the place that was assigned occurs within a legal framework that tended to control activities individuals and the reason why he was persecuted. At first, it shows what modifications of Christian thought that allowed for specific classifications of sins were, as a result of the emergence of Thomism, and the predominance of an ethical supported by the Decalogue, he began to (...) speak of sins in thought, word, and deed. In researching the mechanisms that the Catholic Church used to control the use of the word they are also presented. The aim was to have strict control of the word to avoid misconceptions, ideas that could break the building and doctrinal belief system from spreading. Freedom of thought, doubt or disbelief were not permissible in a scheme that sought to impose their world view and, therefore, could not allow dissent or questioning of paradigms. (shrink)

In this paper is analyzed the fragment DK 88, B25 as a source of atheism and unbelief in Ancient Greece. After a description of the different studies that have been done of the fragment, we should focus the analysis in the different ideas and philosophical positions of the fragment. A detailed study of the text shows us many of the philosophical theories that compose the thought of the midfifth century BC. Those ideas are developed from the natural theology that is (...) constructed in theistic opposition to the theology of the poets. In the mid-fifth century BC, specifically in Athens, this natural theology is expanded towards the Athenian intellectual circles that relativize the ritual practice and the existence of the gods. This is the cause of the irreligious and atheism positions that we can see in the fragment DK 88, B25. (shrink)

This article presents important ideas in Raimon Panikkar’s notion of ecosophy, thus entering more deeply into the wisdom of the oikos. The aim is to highlight the originality of our author’s ecosophical proposal, fruit of a fertile intercultural and inter-religious dialogue. Although the author did not develop systematically the notion of ecosophy, the ontology of his mature years, expressed in the notion of the rhythm of being, can bring us closer to a new understanding of this wisdom, manifested in a (...) becoming in which the divine, the human and the cosmic each have a part. The article will show that Panikkar’s notion of ecosophy sets us in the contemplative life and the wisdom of interindependence. (shrink)

This year we celebrate Raimon Panikkar’s centenary; one of the most important Spanish thinkers and, undoubtedly, one of those who had the widest international repercussion, together with the other three big philosophers of the 20th century: Unamuno, Ortega and Zubiri. The present work explores the relationship between his thinking and Xabier Zubiri’s, a well-known thinker in the History of Spanish Philosophy, and that of Amor Ruibal, a Galician thinker not so wellknown outside specialized circles. This connection among the three thinkers (...) lies particularly in a conception of reality marked by the relation, reaching its culmination in the Catalan-Hindu thinker: The cosmotheandric perspective of Raimon Panikkar, Zubiri’s respectivity and radical relativity, and the ontological relativity or universal correlationism of Amor Ruibal. (shrink)

Tools of a logical-argumentive rationality such as logic, conceptual analysis, definition or structured arguments are useful to sort out many religious conflicts; however, they are ineffective to resolve others. One reason for this unfitness is that the framework from which the second ones are discussed is not ideational but they belong to the believe world. The dissolution of beliefs requires a kind of rationality different to the logical-argumentative one: experience and communication will be their main bastions. This paper studies the (...) limits of logicalargumentative rationality and it reflects on how experienciality can help to face religious conflicts not based on ideational basis. (shrink)

This article’s transdisciplinary reflections aim to study the relationship between nature, science, and religion. They address complex phenomena of our ontological reality from a perspective in which science and religion merge to give way to the cosmodern philosophy. As result, a global ethics emerges to reinvent the sacred as the product of integration between religious and scientific worldviews. It also describes an interreligious and intra - religious dialogue where nature and the cosmos constitute the meeting between scientific and religious knowledge. (...) In sum, the cosmodern approach argues that learning to co-evolve consciously requires the development of an ecology of knowledge, where outer physical knowledge and inner spiritual wisdom converge and complement each other on different levels of our experience. (shrink)

Secularization ist a phenomenon connected with modernity in the Western world. This paper focuses on a classical scholar from 16th century, Isaac Casaubon, and explores his religious experience. Casaubon, living in Paris from 1600, was a key witness to the very first moments of securalization in Europe.

This article presents a historical overview of Marian compositions structured on the scheme of chairetism and polionimia, which combines the repetition of the greeting χαῖρε with the multiplication of the symbolic names of the Virgin. In our study we start with the oldest pieces that share this structure as Marian homilies, hymns and prayers of the Eastern and Roman rites in order to examine their influence on the Hispanic religious literature. Our analysis focuses on both the evolution of this particular (...) compositional model and its different variants, as well as the liturgical and paraliturgical use that the Church has made of it over the centuries. (shrink)