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  1.  13
    Personal Intentionalism and the Understanding of Emotion Experience.Sarah Arnaud & Kathryn Pendoley - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7):61-87.
    How should we seek to account for the qualitative aspect of emotion? Strong intentionalism presents one promising avenue for such an account. According to strong intentionalism, the phenomenology of a mental state is entirely determined by that state's intentional content. Given that many views of the emotions have it that the intentionality and phenomenology of the emotions are very closely related, this makes strong intentionalism an especially promising route. However, strong intentionalism has rarely been defended for emotions and, we argue, (...)
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  2.  20
    Studying Animal Feelings: Integrating Sentience Research and Welfare Science.Heather Browning & Walter Veit - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7):196-222.
    The goal of this article is to bring together two fields of research — animal sentience research and animal welfare science — with the aim of advancing our understanding of animal emotions, especially their subjectively experienced or 'felt' component (feelings). While these two research areas share a common interest in animal feelings, they have had surprisingly little interaction. In this paper, we make a call for the integration of these fields and outline some of the ways in which work done (...)
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  3.  14
    Intentional Feelings, Practical Agency, and Normative Commitments.Mary Carman - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7):88-111.
    A dominant approach to conceptualizing a role for emotions in practical agency has been to focus on a relation between emotions and reasons, whereby emotions are claimed to track reason-giving considerations via their intentional content. Yet, if we reflect on the phenomenology of emotional consciousness and take seriously a growing consensus that emotions involve intentional feelings then, I argue, such a reason-tracking approach at best only provides part of the story and at worst is fundamentally misguided. This does not mean (...)
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  4. Consciousness, Attention, and the Motivation-Affect System.Tom Cochrane - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7):139-163.
    It is an important feature of creatures like us that our various motivations compete for control over our behaviour, including mental behaviour such as imagining and attending. In large part, this competition is adjudicated by the stimulation of affect — the intrinsically pleasant or unpleasant aspects of experience. In this paper I argue that the motivation-affect system controls a sub-type of attention called 'alerting attention' to bring various goals and stimuli to consciousness and thereby prioritize those contents for action. This (...)
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  5. Against Emotions as Feelings: Towards an Attitudinal Profile of Emotion.Rodrigo Díaz - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7):223-245.
    Are feelings an essential part or aspect of emotion? Cases of unconscious emotion suggest that this is not the case. However, it has been claimed that unconscious emotions are better understood as either (a) emotions that are phenomenally conscious but not reflectively conscious, or (b) dispositions to have emotions rather than emotions proper. Here, I argue that these ways of accounting for unconscious emotions are inadequate, and propose a view of emotions as non-phenomenal attitudes that regard their contents as relevant (...)
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  6. Fear is Anticipatory: A Buddhist Analysis.Bronwyn Finnigan - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7):112-138.
    This article derives from the Buddhist Nikāya Suttas the idea that fear has an intentional object that is best analysed in anticipatory terms. Something is feared, I argue, if construed as dangerous, where to construe something as dangerous is to anticipate it will cause certain unwanted effects. To help explain what this means, I appeal to the concept of formal objects in the philosophy of emotions and to predictive processing accounts of perception. I demonstrate how this analysis of fear can (...)
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  7.  8
    Introduction: Emotional Consciousness.Raamy Majeed - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7):6-12.
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  8.  1
    Exploring Affective Evaluative Horizons.Jonathan Mitchell - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7-8):36-60.
    A key claim of classical phenomenology is that intentional experiences involve a distinctive kind of implicit intentionality, which accompanies the relevant explicit intentionality. This implicit intentionality is purportedly co-constitutive of the object-presenting phenomenology of those intentional experiences. This implicit intentionality is often framed by Husserl and other classical phenomenologists in terms of horizonal intentionality or intentional horizons. Its most interesting form is labelled the 'inner horizon'. My aim in this paper is to consider whether a case can be made for (...)
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  9. Towards an Affective Quality Space.Laura Silva - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7):164-195.
    In this paper I lay the foundations for the construction of an affective quality space. I begin by outlining what quality spaces are, and how they have been constructed for sensory qualities across different perceptual modalities. I then turn to tackle four obstacles that an affective quality space might face that would make an affective quality space unfeasible. After showing these obstacles to be surmountable, I propose a number of conditions and methodological constraints that should be satisfied in attempts to (...)
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  10.  10
    The Phenomenology of Emotional Expression.Joel Smith - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (7):13-35.
    Emotions are personal-level states that occupy causal roles and, as such, have a range of behavioural outputs distinctive of them. Intuitively, some but not all of these outputs qualify as expressions of the emotion. But which ones? I begin by offering a descriptive phenomenology of emotional expression, both from the perspective of the expresser and that of the observer. I then consider answers to the question that focus on each of these perspectives. I argue that the best available versions of (...)
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  11.  11
    Could You Have Thought Differently? An Argument Against Free Will.Nicolas Alzetta - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):9-31.
    This paper develops a new argument against free will, understood as the principle of alternative possibilities (PAP). This principle has been central in debates around free will and moral responsibility; however, it is almost always stated in terms of bodily rather than mental action, and it is therefore mainly understood as the possibility to physically act differently, rather than to think differently. The argument presented here is aimed at the latter, which is termed the possibility of alternative thought (PAT). It (...)
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  12.  2
    Mexican Indigenous Psychologies, Cosmovisons, and Altered States of Consciousness.Nuria Ciofalo - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):103-122.
    Indigenous psychologies are informed by their cosmogonies and cosmologies, philosophies, spirituality and religions, traditions and customs, and knowledge and praxis systems. This paper reviews some conceptions of consciousness, psyche, spirit, mental and physical health, relations to all Earth Beings (human and nonhuman), ancestors, nature, and altered states of consciousness among the Nahua and Maya of Mexico. Colonization has threatened these rich legacies by imposing the conquerors' cosmologies. However, these Indigenous communities continue to use plants, mushrooms, and some animals to generate (...)
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  13.  6
    Beyond Mind– Body Dualism: Pluralistic Concepts of the Soul in Mongolian Shamanistic Traditions.Ede Frecska, Ágnes Birtalan & Michael Winkelman - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):177-190.
    Soul belief is a universal of human culture and belief in multiple souls is common, especially in pre-modern traditions. This essay illustrates how a three-folded structure appears in the soul concepts of Mongolian shamanistic traditions. The reported accounts of the three souls among various Mongolian ethnic groups are somewhat divergent — especially in their consciousness-related attributes — which may reflect the cultural bias of data collectors, inconsistencies between data providers, and the evolution of these concepts due to historical events, socio-economic (...)
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  14.  3
    Building Bridges of Communication: Seeking Conversation between Indigenous and Western Cultures through Magical Consciousness.Susan Greenwood - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):218-231.
    My aim in this article is to further work on building bridges of communication between Indigenous and Western worldviews through 'magical consciousness', a pan-human participatory and analogical orientation of mind. In a bid to overcome the many cultural differences that have justified the discrimination and genocide of Indigenous peoples worldwide, and the near hegemony of a science based solely on logical knowledge, I seek by comparison a common ground for mutual understanding. Searching out similarities and differences between the world of (...)
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  15.  1
    A Person As a Composite Entity: Telengit Perspectives.Agnieszka Halemba & Svetlana Tyukhteneva - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):166-176.
    In this article, we present ethnographic material collected among the Telengits, mainly in the Kosh-Agach district of the Republic of Altai (Russian Federation). Analysis of Telengit concepts and practices shows a person as a complex network of relations and therefore a composite entity. Each of the terms that the Telengits use and which could be translated as 'soul' corresponds to various aspects, potentialities, and powers of a person; at the same time, a person is also a part of a larger (...)
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  16.  2
    Heart, Not Souls, Of Consciousness in Asabano Ethnopsychology.Roger Ivar Lohmann - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):207-217.
    Ethnic cultural conceptualizations of consciousness often posit souls or other spirits, but these do not always address consciousness itself. This article describes an autochthonous model of consciousness that was current among the Asabano people of central New Guinea before first contact in the mid-twentieth century. In their conceptualization, one's own souls were not seen as essences of the self or agents of personal awareness. Rather, they merely inflected awareness, which was understood to occur in the heart. This autochthonous model of (...)
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  17.  4
    Variability in Cultural Understandings of Consciousness: A Call for Dialogue with Native Psychologies.Radmila Lorencova & Radek Trnka - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):232-254.
    Investigation of Indigenous concepts and their meanings is highly inspirational for contemporary science because these concepts represent adaptive solutions in various environmental and social milieus. Past research has shown that conceptualizations of consciousness can vary widely between cultural groups from different geographical regions. The present study explores variability among a few of the thousands of Indigenous cultural understandings of consciousness. Indigenous concepts of consciousness are often relational and inseparable from environmental and religious concepts. Furthermore, this exploration of variability reveals the (...)
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  18. Quantum Indeterminism, Free Will, and Self-Causation.Marco Masi - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5-6):32–56.
    A view that emancipates free will by means of quantum indeterminism is frequently rejected based on arguments pointing out its incompatibility with what we know about quantum physics. However, if one carefully examines what classical physical causal determinism and quantum indeterminism are according to physics, it becomes clear what they really imply–and, especially, what they do not imply–for agent-causation theories. Here, we will make necessary conceptual clarifications on some aspects of physical determinism and indeterminism, review some of the major objections (...)
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  19. Guna Concepts Of Consciousness, Soul, and Spirit.Mònica Martínez Mauri - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):123-136.
    Based on ethnographic evidence collected over the last two decades in Gunayala Comarca (autonomous territory), Panama, this article explores understandings of human consciousness from the perspective of the Guna people. After a brief account of the linguistic, historical, and political context, it continues with a presentation of the notions of burba, niga, and gurgin, which are used to refer to notions of soul, spirit, and consciousness. After translating these words and describing their particularities, I show the extent to which these (...)
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  20.  2
    Responding to a Potpourri of Objections To the Modal Argument.J. P. Moreland - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):57-74.
    I present and clarify one form of the modal argument for substance dualism, and go on to state and provide defeaters for five of the major arguments raised against the modal argument as a whole. I do not provide an unabridged defence of the modal argument. Instead, I focus on a range of defeaters scattered throughout the literature that are raised against the modal argument. In my view, these have not been gathered in one place and freshly evaluated. Accordingly, my (...)
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  21.  2
    Igbo Consciousness of Healing: Studying Daa Ada Ocha, a Local Healer in Mbaise.Kizito Chinedu Nweke - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):191-206.
    (...)
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  22.  7
    The Mapuche People: Cultural Beliefs Related to Consciousness, Mind, and Body.Camila Pérez & Giuseppina Marsico - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):137-150.
    The Mapuche people are a native group from the extreme south of Latin America. Their culture is based on the interconnectedness between the cohabitants of the environment, including human and non-human categories of life. The closest concept to consciousness for them would be Mapuche rakizuamor Mapuche thinking, which is defined as a particular kind of reflexivity or state of awareness of the interdependence of people with natural and spiritual entities. This understanding of the human condition represents a relational ontology, which (...)
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  23.  66
    Empirical Panpsychism: A New Synthesis.Ben Schermbrucker - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):75-98.
    It is frequently claimed that panpsychism is unable in principle to generate evidence or predictions. After exploring how this impasse owes to panpsychism's commitment to brute physicalism, I argue that organismic panpsychism (OP) can retain this commitment and yet be empirical in principle. I then explore ways in which OP can be defended against a range of objections. These objections primarily relate to OP's metaphysics, its dependency on string theory, and its appeal to future states of science. Finally, OP's ability (...)
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  24.  6
    Indigenous Māori Notions Of Consciousness, Soul, and Spirit.Natasha Tassell-Matamua, Kiri MacDonald-Nepe Apatu, Te Rā Moriarty & Tama Tahuri - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):151-165.
    The Indigenous Māori of Aotearoa New Zealand have a knowledge system embedded with understandings related to consciousness, soul, and spirit. Although the effects of colonization are vast and ongoing, these knowledges have not been completely lost, and endure as an essential part of Māori comprehensions about the nature of everyday life and reality. We provide an overview of the socio-historical context of Māori, before briefly summarizing Māori cosmogony. We then discuss some of the more popularized ways the constructs of consciousness, (...)
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  25.  7
    Editorial Introduction: Indigenous Philosophies of Consciousness.Radek Trnka & Radmila Lorencova - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):99-102.
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  26. Continuous Organismic Sentience as the Integration of Core Affect and Vitality.Ignacio Cea & David Martínez-Pernía - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3-4):7-33.
    In consciousness studies there is a growing tendency to consider experience as (i) fundamentally affective and (ii) deeply interlinked with interoceptive and homeostatic bodily processes. However, this view still needs further development to be part of any rigorous theory of consciousness. To advance in this direction, we ask: (1) is there any affective type that is always present in consciousness?, (2) is it related to interoception and homeostasis?, and (3) what are its properties? Here we analyse and compare Jim Russell's (...)
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  27.  4
    Don't Take it Too Subpersonally! Revisiting the Malleability of Perception: Commentary on Dustin Stokes' Thinking and Perceiving.Jérôme Dokic - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):192-201.
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  28.  80
    What is an Identity Crisis?Nada Gligorov - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3-4):34-58.
    The use of brain technology that contributes to psychological changes has spurred a debate about personal identity. Some argue that neurotechnology does not undermine personal continuity (Levy, 2011) while others argue that it does (Kreitmair, 2019; Schechtman, 2010). To make these assessments, commentators fail to identify psychological changes that cause personal discontinuity. In this paper, I present a view that identifies personal continuity with the maintenance of a self-concept. I argue that a concept of self requires the ability to self-ascribe (...)
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  29. Unconscious Intelligence in the Skilled Control of Expert Action.Spencer Ivy - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):59-83.
    What occurs in the mind of an expert who is performing at their very best? In this paper, I survey the history of debate concerning this question. I suggest that expertise is neither solely a mastery of the automatic nor solely a mastery of intelligence in skilled action control. Experts are also capable of performing automatic actions intelligently. Following this, I argue that unconscious-thought theory (UTT) is a powerful tool in coming to understand the role of executive, intelligent action control (...)
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  30.  17
    The ALARM Theory of Consciousness: A Two-Level Theory of Phenomenal Consciousness.Albert Newen & Carlos Montemayor - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):84-105.
    The scientific investigation of consciousness generates new findings at a rapid pace. We argue that we need a novel theoretical framework, which we call the ALARM theory of consciousness, in order to account for all central observations. According to this theory, we need to distinguish two levels of consciousness, namely basic arousal and general alertness. Basic arousal functions as a specific alarm system, keeping a biological organism alive under sudden intense threats, and general alertness enables flexible learning and behavioural strategies. (...)
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  31.  17
    The Modularity vs. Malleability of Perception: A Red Herring.Nico Orlandi - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):202-211.
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  32.  13
    The Phenomenal Hyperspace: A Study of the Dimensional and Spatio-temporal Structures of Phenomenal Space and Binding.Pekka Rechardt - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):106-131.
    The dimensional structure of phenomenal space and its relation to the brain have not been widely focused on in brain and consciousness studies. This paper postulates that focusing on the dimensional structures displayed in the relation between phenomenal space and the brain is necessary for understanding the integration of distributed brain events in binding. A related issue is why items and events of phenomenal space and consciousness as they appear in experience seem to be beyond the reach of natural scientific (...)
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  33.  31
    Introspection, Transparency, and Desire.Michael Roche - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):132-154.
    The transparency approach to introspection has received much attention over the last few decades. It is inspired by some wellknown remarks from Gareth Evans (1982). Although this approach can seem quite plausible as applied to belief (and perhaps perception), philosophers tend to be sceptical that it can succeed for other mental kinds. This paper focuses on desire. It lays out in detail a transparency theory of desire introspection and addresses various concerns and objections to such a theory. The paper takes (...)
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  34.  60
    Defending the Malleability of Perception: Reply to Commentators: Dokic, Orlandi, and Vetter.Dustin Stokes - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):222-237.
  35.  80
    Précis of Thinking and Perceiving.Dustin Stokes - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):181-191.
  36.  6
    Functional Visual Perception Requires Cognitive Representations: Commentary on Dustin Stokes' Thinking and Perceiving.Petra Vetter - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):212-221.
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  37.  23
    Specious Present, Phenomenal Extension, and Mereological Inversion: A Problem for Physicalism about the Mind.Lyu Zhou - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (3):155-180.
    The specious present (James, 1890/1950) is the phenomenal temporal structure of the representational content of my present experience. This article is a study of the mereological structure of the specious present and what it reveals about the nature of the mind. I argue that the specious present has certain features that cannot be easily explained within the framework of physicalism about the mind — the view that consciousness is nothing over and above what is physical. In particular, the specious present (...)
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  38.  4
    A Hitchhiker's Guide to Consciousness: Max Velmans at 80 Years of Age.Etzel Cardeña - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):7-19.
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  39.  16
    The Development of Cognition in the Interaction of Conscious and Unconscious Minds.Charles F. Detmar - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):110-137.
    This article extends the brief description of cognition previously offered in the adaptational theory of consciousness (ATC). Here I suggest how unconscious and conscious minds interact to achieve mutual cognitive development. Interactions occur in an extended moment of subjective time consisting of perceptual, associational, and affective scenes. During the extended moment, the conscious self becomes time-agile, shuttling between the past, present, and future in order to assemble ideas within global awareness that produce pleasure. The products of its cognitive journeys are (...)
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  40.  4
    The Value of Literature for Consciousness Research and Ethics.Mette Leonard Høeg - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):138-162.
    The paper proposes to integrate literary studies in consciousness research to develop a strong ethical and existential dimension in the field. More specifically, it considers the value of fictional narrative for developing concepts of selfhood and personal identity that cohere with the reductionist explanations of human consciousness and self in modern empirical consciousness research. My central claim is that looking to the literary representations of human consciousness and existence that reject or are free from conventional essentialist ideas of self, agency, (...)
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  41.  7
    What Are the Effects of Chamber REST on the Scientific Understanding of Reality? An Exploratory Study.Petr Jedlička, Marek Malůš, Filip Tylš & Jitka Paitlová - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):163-190.
    In this paper we present an exploratory study on the understanding of reality among scientists. The nature of reality has been a conundrum for generations of theologians, philosophers, and scientists as well as the lay public. It also appears as a scientific problem in various disciplines, from physics to psychiatry and neuroscience. For the purpose of our study, we employed Chamber REST (Restricted Environmental Stimulation), which has been known to produce substantial perceptual effects such as visual or auditory pseudo-hallucinations. We (...)
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  42.  4
    Max Velmans Interview: On Understanding Consciousness, Reflexive Monism, and the Future of Consciousness Studies.Jeremiah Joven Joaquin - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):65-86.
    Max Velmans, Emeritus Professor of Psychology at Goldsmiths, University of London, is one of the leading theorists of consciousness studies — an interdisciplinary field of study that deals with questions about the nature of consciousness and how it relates to the physical world. In this interview, we look back at his life and work; in particular, his idea of reflexive monism, which is one of his landmark contributions to the field.
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  43.  7
    Four Problems of Mind and Body: Celebrating the 80 th Birthday of Max Velmans.John F. Kihlstrom - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):87-109.
    Inspired by the 'reflexive monism' of Max Velmans, this paper considers four problems of mind and body. (1) The traditional mind–body problem, including the 'easy' problem of identifying the neural correlates of consciousness, and the 'hard' problem of determining just how neural processes generate conscious states. (2) The distinction between automatic (unconscious) and controlled (conscious) processes, raising the question about the relative roles they play in experience, thought, and action, as well as the question of free will. (3) Psychosomatic effects, (...)
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  44.  2
    Velmans and the Transpersonal: Reflexivity at the Core.B. Les Lancaster - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):43-64.
    In assessing the relevance of Velmans' work for transpersonal psychology, two major features of his reflexive monism are explored. The first is the notion that consciousness is embedded in the external world and in the body, the second is the principle of reflexivity itself. The embeddedness of consciousness in the world underpins transpersonal notions of consciousness as a primary reality of the universe. Consciousness as embodied is a critical component for therapies and psychospiritual practices that focus on somatic awareness, both (...)
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  45.  43
    Locating the 'inner'.Stephen Langfur - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):191-214.
    The notion of a mental interior has been derided as a Cartesian relic, the 'ghost in the machine' (Ryle, 1963). Yet there is a mental interior — indeed, there are two — only not where we tend to look. When a toddler talks to herself before sleep, she often plays the part of a parent toward herself, mitigating the dread of separation. She thus creates a pretend space between herself-as-parent and herself-as-child. Growing up, she plays others toward herself as well. (...)
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  46.  7
    Neurobiological Underpinnings of the Projection of Conscious Contents.Alfredo Pereira - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):21-42.
    The projection of conscious content is a central feature of Max Velmans' theory of consciousness, implying that conscious experiences are built within a conversation of minds and worlds in which they form a 'reflexive' unity – as stated in his reflexive monism theory. What are the neurobiological structures and functions that underpin the experience of conscious contents being located in a spatio-temporal frame outside the nervous system that instantiates them? In this paper I offer informed speculation about these neurobiological structures (...)
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  47.  11
    Metaphysics Matters: Towards Semiotic Causation.John Pickering - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (1):215-237.
    The return of interest in panpsychism reflects a shift towards process metaphysics. To propose that qualia are present throughout nature is a radical break with the mechanistic worldview inherited from the nineteenth century. That break is much needed as it is becoming clear that the values implicit in that worldview have helped create a serious ecological crisis. Here, following Bohm and Peirce, an elaboration of process metaphysics is proposed based on a semiotic view of causation. This in turn, taken together (...)
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