From Body Fuel to Universal Poison: Cultural History of Meat: 1900-the Present

Springer Verlag (2018)
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Abstract

This book explores our changing relationship with meat as food. Half storytelling and half historic work, it analyzes the way in which humans have dealt with the idea of eating animals in the Western world, from 1900 to the present. The story part of the book follows the rise and fall of meat, and illustrates how this type of food has become a problem in a more emotional way. The historical component informs and offers readers key data. The author draws on theories of circular societies, smart cities and smart countries to explain how and why forms of meat production that were common in the past have since all but disappeared. Both components, however, explain why meat has been important and why it has now become a problem. In tracing the fall of meat, the author identifies a host of dilemmas. These include fossil energy, pollution, illnesses caused by eating meat, factory farming, and processed foods. Lastly, the book offers a possible solution. The answer focuses on new forms of meat obtained without killing animals and in a sense resembles renewable energy. Overall, this unique cultural history offers revealing insights into how meat affects social relations, interpersonal relationships, and humanity as a whole.

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Chapters

Conclusion

This final chapter argues that what has been written so far in this book reveals that meat has a soul. In its past as a living animal, there is the reason for its diversity from other items of food. The conclusion re-reads all the previous chapters in the light of the existence of the soul of meat a... see more

Today—The Future: Meat Forecast

Usually, historical books do not concern the future. History and future studies are two fascinating fields that only rarely intertwine. Challenging this rule, the last chapter of this historic book focuses on ideas and forecasts revolving around the futures of meat, and specifically on the old idea ... see more

1980–The Present: The Sorrow of Meat

This chapter examines the effects of what I have described in Chaps. 10.1007/978-3-319-72086-9_5 and 6. The extreme industrialization of meat has led to a change in meat perception since 1980. The chapter principally analyzes the growing degree of industrialization, named factory farming, and the re... see more

1961–1980: The New Industry of Meat

This chapter focuses on the 1960s and 1970s, seen through the further industrialization of the meat-system. Specifically, this part of the book analyzes novelty and change at the slaughterhouse, the butcher’s shop, and the supermarket. As regards the abattoirs, new machinery further de-personalized ... see more

1945–1960: Enjoying Meat in the Consumer Society

This chapter summarizes the trends in terms of meat that occurred from 1945 to 1960 and how they intertwined with the social, economic and political changes of the same period. After the years of war and meat rationing, a new enthusiasm arose for this item of food. However, this enthusiasm was soon ... see more

1919–1944: Meat Propaganda

This chapter principally analyses meat in terms of its relations to ideology. Certainly, a right-wing vegetarianism existed, and is traceable in the Italian Regency of Fiume, Fascism and Nazism, three dictatorships that ruled in today’s Croatia, Italy and Germany respectively, and threatening the en... see more

1900–1918: The Normality of Meat

This chapter introduces the reader to the analysis of the cultural history of meat in the years from 1900 to 1918. In the first section, I summarize what meat perception was at the end of the nineteenth century, in order to accompany the reader through the rest of the chapter. After this, the analys... see more

The Complex Identity of Meat

In this chapter, I summarize the previous studies on meat that have been useful for this book. Even though they support different theories, I do not find them as contradictory, but advance that each of them offers a partial contribution to such a complex matter. In the beginning, I explain the vario... see more

Introduction

This chapter introduces the overall content of the book. Firstly, the introduction explains why meat is today a hot topic and how the issue of meat has grown in the Western culture generation after generation. After a brief account of how eating an animal strikes the deepest chords of the human bein... see more

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