Consciousness and Cognition 9 (1):13-36 (2000)
Abstract |
There is good evidence that, in general, autonomic conditioning in humans occurs only when subjects can verbalize the contingencies of conditioning. However, one form of conditioning, evaluative conditioning (EC), seems exceptional in that a growing body of evidence suggests that it can occur without conscious contingency awareness. As such, EC offers a unique insight into what role contingency awareness might play in associative learning. Despite this evidence, there are reasons to doubt that evaluative conditioning can occur without conscious awareness. This paper aims to critically review the EC literature and to draw some parallels to what is known about autonomic conditioning. In doing so, some important general issues about measuring contingency awareness are raised. These issues are illustrated with a brief report of an experiment in which a sensitive measure of contingency awareness is compared against a commonly used measure
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Keywords | *Awareness *Conditioning Classical Conditioning |
Categories | (categorize this paper) |
DOI | 10.1006/ccog.1999.0402 |
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References found in this work BETA
Characteristics of Dissociable Human Learning Systems.David R. Shanks & Mark F. St John - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (3):367-395.
Contingency Awareness in Evaluative Conditioning: A Case for Unaware Affective-Evaluative Learning.Frank Baeyens, Paul Eelen & Omer van den Bergh - 1990 - Cognition and Emotion 4 (1):3-18.
Automatically Elicited Fear: Conditioned Skin Conductance Responses to Masked Facial Expressions.Francisco Esteves, Ulf Dimberg & Arne öhman - 1994 - Cognition and Emotion 8 (5):393-413.
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Contingency Awareness in Evaluative Conditioning: A Comment on Baeyens, Eelen, and van den Bergh.David R. Shanks & Anthony Dickinson - 1990 - Cognition and Emotion 4 (1):19-30.
View all 19 references / Add more references
Citations of this work BETA
The Function of Phenomenal States: Supramodular Interaction Theory.Ezequiel Morsella - 2005 - Psychological Review 112 (4):1000-1021.
Associative Learning of Likes and Dislikes: Some Current Controversies and Possible Ways Forward.Frank Baeyens, Andy P. Field & Jan De Houwer - 2005 - Cognition and Emotion 19 (2):161-174.
Dissociating the Effects of Attention and Contingency Awareness on Evaluative Conditioning Effects in the Visual Paradigm.Andy P. Field & Annette C. Moore - 2005 - Cognition and Emotion 19 (2):217-243.
Associative Learning of Likes and Dislikes: Some Current Controversies and Possible Ways Forward.Frank Baeyens, Andy P. Field & Jan De Houwer - 2005 - Cognition and Emotion 19 (2):161-174.
What You See is What Will Change: Evaluative Conditioning Effects Depend on a Focus on Valence.Anne Gast & Klaus Rothermund - 2011 - Cognition and Emotion 25 (1):89-110.
View all 16 citations / Add more citations
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