From similarity to inference
Abstract |
We advance a theory of inductive reasoning based on similarity, and test it on arguments involving mammal categories. To measure similarity, we quantified the overlap of neural activation in left Brodmann area 37 (lBA37) in response to pictures of different categories; the choice of lBA37 is motivated by previous literature. The theory was tested against estimated probability judgments for 160 arguments generated from 16 categories and a common predicate. The theory’s predictions (based on neural similarity) correlate strongly with these estimates. Other brain regions in the ventral visual pathway yield similarities that also allow the model to predict inductive judgments accurately whereas use of rated similarity in place of neural similarity is less successful. We conclude by extending the theory to aspects of causal reasoning and considering the relation between similarity and feature ratings of categories.
|
Keywords | No keywords specified (fix it) |
Categories | (categorize this paper) |
Options |
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Download options
References found in this work BETA
No references found.
Citations of this work BETA
No citations found.
Similar books and articles
A Logic for Reasoning About Relative Similarity.Beata Konikowska - 1997 - Studia Logica 58 (1):185-226.
Similarity and Induction.Matthew Weber & Daniel Osherson - 2010 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 1 (2):245-264.
A Critique of the Similarity Space Theory of Concepts.Christopher Gauker - 2007 - Mind and Language 22 (4):317–345.
The Creation of Similarity: A Discussion of Metaphor in Light of Tversky's Theory of Similarity.Eva Feder Kittay - 1982 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1982:394 - 405.
In Search of Radical Similarity.Oscar Vilarroya - 2005 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (1):35-35.
Opposites Detract: Why Rules and Similarity Should Not Be Viewed as Opposite Ends of a Continuum.Gary Marcus - 2005 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (1):28-29.
The Rules Versus Similarity Distinction.Emmanuel M. Pothos - 2005 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (1):1-14.
Analytics
Added to PP index
2009-01-28
Total views
0
Recent downloads (6 months)
0
2009-01-28
Total views
0
Recent downloads (6 months)
0
How can I increase my downloads?
Downloads
Sorry, there are not enough data points to plot this chart.
Sorry, there are not enough data points to plot this chart.