Forgiveness and Moral Understanding

Springer Verlag (2021)
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Abstract

This book sets out to deepen our moral understanding by thinking about forgiveness: what does it mean for our understanding of morality that there is such a thing as forgiveness? Forgiveness is a challenge to moral philosophy, for forgiveness challenges us: it calls me to understand my relations to others, and thereby myself, in a new way. Without arguing for or against forgiveness, the present study tries to describe these challenges. These challenges concern both forgiving and asking for forgiveness. The latter is especially important in this context: what does the need to be forgiven mean? In the light of such questions, central issues in the philosophy of forgiveness are critically discussed, about the reasons and conditions for forgiveness, but mostly the focus is on new questions, about the relation of forgiveness to plurality, virtue, death, the processes of moral change and development, and the possibility of feeling at home in the world.

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Chapters

Plurality

Hannah Arendt is one of the few philosophers who have given an important role to the concept of forgiveness within the context of their broader philosophical thinking. This chapter aims at giving an account of Arendt’s understanding of forgiveness, critically discussing it, and showing that the conc... see more

Forgiveness and Morality

The book ends with a discussion of how forgiveness might shed light on questions that are not obviously related to it. What does forgiveness tell us about interpersonal relation more generally? How is it related to the experiences of being at home with others and of being alienated from others? How ... see more

Death

The understanding of forgiveness this book is working with sees it as the way of restoring a damaged relation, as something that takes place not in an isolated individual but between people. This might seem to imply that forgiveness as regards dead people is impossible, for here only one of the pole... see more

Introduction

What is the topic of this book? Why connect forgiveness and moral understanding? How is forgiveness related to utterances such as “I forgive you”? How is forgiveness related to reconciliation? How is forgiveness to be approached philosophically?

Reason

The chapter starts with a close reading of Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne’s 2002 film Le Fils , a reading that also gives rise to more general questions about the relation of, on the one hand, films and discussions of film, and, on the other hand, moral philosophy. Against the background of the readin... see more

Conditions

One of the most contentious questions in the standard philosophy of forgiveness is the question whether forgiveness is conditional or unconditional? Specifically, are there conditions in the absence of which you should not forgive? This chapter deals with these questions, not by answering them but b... see more

Being True to Oneself, Being Forgiven

Might the concept of forgiveness be able to shed some light on questions concerning personal identity? Specifically, is there a relation worth investigating between this concept and what truth might mean in this context? If questions about who I am is answered by me, if who I am is up for me to deci... see more

Virtue

Is it a virtue to forgive? This question is answered in the negative: it is not a virtue to forgive. Such an answer can however be understood in two ways, either as a criticism of the moral significance of forgiveness or as a criticism of the moral significance of the concept of virtue. It is in the... see more

While He Was Still Far off

Earlier in this book, the idea that forgiveness is basically a Christian notion has been criticised. This criticism means that it might be possible to read an explicitly religious text, belonging to the Christian tradition, as a phenomenological description of forgiveness.In this chapter, two religi... see more

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Hugo Strandberg
Åbo Akademi University

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