The State of Nature, the Original Position and the Problem of historical Memory

Anales Del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía 24:171-192 (2007)
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Abstract

The comparison between the concept state of nature, as it appears in the contractualist theories of XVII and XVIII centuries, and the original position of the the- ory of justice by John Rawls, reveals the assumptions, difficulties and limitations of the latter. In spite of its claims, the original position does not justify the search and existence of a well ordered society, and it is far away from reach the brightness and coherence with which their predecessors argued on behalf of societies where safety, freedom or equality ruled. Besides, Rawls, on amounting justice to a material welfare which must arrive, does not know the important role that the historical memory plays when claiming the resolution of the injustices from the pastLa comparación entre el concepto de estado de naturaleza, tal y como aparece en las teorías contractualistas de los siglos XVII y XVIII, y la posición original de la teoría de la justicia de John Rawls, sirve para poner de manifiesto los supuestos, dificultades y limitaciones de esta última. A pesar de sus pretensiones, la posición original no justifica la búsqueda y existencia de una sociedad bien ordenada, y está lejos de alcanzar la brillantez y coherencia con la que sus antecesores argumentaron a favor de sociedades donde reinara la seguridad, la libertad o la igualdad. Además, Rawls, al reducir la justicia a un bienestar material que ha de llegar, desconoce el importante papel que la memoria histórica desempeña a la hora de reclamar la resolución de las injusticias del pasado

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Atomism.Charles Taylor - 1979 - In Alkis Kontos (ed.), Powers, Possessions, and Freedom: Essays in Honour of C.B. Macpherson. University of Toronto Press.
Rawls on justice.Thomas Nagel - 1973 - Philosophical Review 82 (2):220-234.
The social contract as ideology.David Gauthier - 1977 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 6 (2):130-164.
Non-neutral principles.Gerald Dworkin - 1974 - Journal of Philosophy 71 (14):491-506.

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