Beauty and Human Existence in Chinese Philosophy

Springer Singapore (2021)
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Abstract

This book considers the Chinese conception of beauty from a historical perspective with regard to its significant relation to human personality and human existence. It examines the etymological implications of the pictographic character mei, the totemic symbolism of beauty, the ferocious beauty of the bronzeware. Further on, it proceeds to look into the conceptual progression of beauty in such main schools of thought as Confucianism, Daoism and Chan Buddhism. Then, it goes on to illustrate through art and literature the leading principles of equilibriumharmony, spontaneous naturalness, subtle void and synthetic possibilities. It also offers a discussion of modern change and transcultural creation conducted with particular reference to the theory of the poetic state par excellence and that of art as sedimentation.

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Chapters

Critique of Mohist Utilitarianism

Mozi turns down some of the Confucian values and beliefs. Judging from the process of music making, performance and listening altogether, he goes up to embrace a kind of negative utilitarianism that appears anti-aesthetic in principle. In his opinion, music activities are useless and wasteful, thus ... see more

Beyond Poetic Sentimentalism

As an ancient poet once engaged in governmental service, Qu Yuan composes a large part of Chu poetry characterized by the outflow of heart-felt emotions. His personality beauty lies in his persistent devotion, patriotic passion, heroic deed, nostalgic affection, and moral conduct. His poetic output ... see more

The Art of Painting Landscape

The synthetic beauty of landscape painting is derived from the organic combination of four interrelated forms of art including painting, calligraphy, poetry, and seal cutting. It plays an active role in human living, especially in the case of scholars in Chinese history. The art of painting landscap... see more

Confucian Ideal and Equilibrium Harmony

The beauty of the ideal personality in Confucianism is morality-based by nature. It is chiefly related to five beautiful acts, five constant virtues, and unconditional goods. The ideal is further enhanced by Mencius with reference to the art of breathing system for character building, which accounts... see more

The Pictographic Character and Totemism

This section looks at the etymological implications of the Chinese pictographic character mei as beautiful. It focuses on the two main aspects: the big-goat image is beautiful with reference to flavor and taste for ancients, and the goat-man image is beautiful with reference to rituality and spiritu... see more

Ethos of the Rites-Music Tradition

The rites-music tradition emerged in ancient China, and contributed a great deal to the development of personal cultivation and qualified citizenship. It could be divided into two modes of education. The beauty of music and rites is chiefly based on such essential properties as harmoniousness, intro... see more

Daoist Pursuit and Spontaneous Naturalness

The independent personality in Daoism features absolute spiritual freedom, and indicates an ontological sense of beauty coupled with perfect happiness through free and easy wandering. It is closely leagued with the art of breathing system for personal cultivation. Judging from an aesthetic viewpoint... see more

How-to-Live Concern and Fourfold Engagement

As regards the how-to-live concern in his practical philosophy of subjectality, Li Zehou takes the full-fledged development of human capacity as an alternative to address the issue. Being the most crucial determinant of human nature, human capacity is based on the cultural-psychological formation co... see more

The Pottery and Bronze Art

This section examines the basic features of the painted pottery and bronze art in terms of aesthetic awareness of the beauty in the tangible objects unearthed. With reference to the painted pottery, the expressive and significant form is substantiated in realistic images, human feelings, geometric p... see more

The Water Allegory and Waterscapes

The well metaphor from Martin Heidegger seems associated with the Daoist water allegory with regard to its “supreme good” in a symbolic sense. It can be further explicated with reference to the Confucian appreciation of “huge waterscapes,” and reflected in light of moral symbolism. All this elicits ... see more

Chan Buddhism and Subtle Void

The independent personality in Daoism features absolute spiritual freedom, and indicates an ontological sense of beauty coupled with perfect happiness through free and easy wandering. It is closely leagued with the art of breathing system for personal cultivation. Judging from an aesthetic viewpoint... see more

The Rise of Modern Chinese Aesthetics

The rise of modern Chinese aesthetics is largely attributed to transcultural reflections and transformational creation. The interaction between East–West traditions is fruitful in theoretical development against the background of cultural innovation and intercultural communication. Historically, the... see more

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