Tongwei Zhang, Xiangzeng Wang, Jianfeng Zhang, Xun Sun, Kitty L. Milliken, Stephen C. Ruppel & Daniel Enriquez
Interpretation: SEG 5 (2):SF41-SF61 (2017)
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Abstract |
Forty-six core samples were collected from a deep well that penetrated organic-rich layers of the Chang 7, 8, and 9 members of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin. Tests for total organic content, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, X-ray diffraction mineralogy, and molecular composition of gases released from rock crushing were conducted. Analytical results indicate that TOC and clay contents are elevated. The organic matter -rich mudstone in the Triassic Yanchang Fm suggests good-to-excellent source potential for oil generation. Its thermal maturity is in the oil window. Strong petroleum expulsion occurred from the upper part of the approximately 13 m thick Chang 7 member, and for the Chang 8 and Chang 9 members, resulting in low free oil and low methane concentration in these OM-rich intervals. A combination of sandstone and thin organic-rich mudstone layers is a perfect hybrid lithology stacking pattern for petroleum expulsion. The thickness for effective source rock, approximately 10–12 m, varied with sandstone/mudstone lithology stacking pattern. In contrast, limited or no oil expulsion occurred in the lower part of Chang 7 member, a 25 m thick organic-rich interval, which is indicated by high free oil and high [Formula: see text] concentration. A [Formula: see text]-TOC plot can be used to differentiate generated gas, retained gas in OM-rich mudstones, and migrated gas in permeable sandstone beds. We have developed a conceptual model for petroleum expulsion from OM-rich thin versus OM-rich thick layers. Compaction and thermal volume expansion of oil generated from OM may play an important role in petroleum expulsion in OM-rich mudstones. The estimated petroleum expulsion efficiency is approximately 70% and 35% for thin and thick OM-rich mudstone layers, respectively. The redistributed OM in clay-dominated rock assemblage likely forms the preferred migration path to petroleum expulsion.
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DOI | 10.1190/int-2016-0104.1 |
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References found in this work BETA
Grain Composition and Diagenesis of Organic-Rich Lacustrine Tarls, Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China.Kitty L. Milliken, Ying Shen, Lucy T. Ko & Quansheng Liang - 2017 - Interpretation: SEG 5 (2):SF189-SF210.
Hydrocarbon Storage Space Within Lacustrine Gas Shale of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China.Xiangzeng Wang, Lixia Zhang, Chengfu Jiang & Bojiang Fan - 2015 - Interpretation: SEG 3 (2):SJ15-SJ23.
Citations of this work BETA
Pore Types, Pore-Network Analysis, and Pore Quantification of the Lacustrine Shale-Hydrocarbon System in the Late Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Southeastern Ordos Basin, China.Robert G. Loucks, Stephen C. Ruppel, Xiangzeng Wang, Lucy Ko, Sheng Peng, Tongwei Zhang, Harry D. Rowe & Patrick Smith - 2017 - Interpretation: SEG 5 (2):SF63-SF79.
Chemostratigraphic Insights Into Fluvio-Lacustrine Deposition, Yanchang Formation, Upper Triassic, Ordos Basin, China.Harry Rowe, Xiangzeng Wang, Bojiang Fan, Tongwei Zhang, Stephen C. Ruppel, Kitty L. Milliken, Robert Loucks, Ying Shen, Jianfeng Zhang, Quansheng Liang & Evan Sivil - 2017 - Interpretation: SEG 5 (2):SF149-SF165.
Grain Composition and Diagenesis of Organic-Rich Lacustrine Tarls, Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China.Kitty L. Milliken, Ying Shen, Lucy T. Ko & Quansheng Liang - 2017 - Interpretation: SEG 5 (2):SF189-SF210.
Controls on Pore Types and Pore-Size Distribution in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Pore-Evolution Models of Lacustrine Mudrocks.Lucy T. Ko, Robert G. Loucks, Kitty L. Milliken, Quansheng Liang, Tongwei Zhang, Xun Sun, Paul C. Hackley, Stephen C. Ruppel & Sheng Peng - 2017 - Interpretation: SEG 5 (2):SF127-SF148.
Facies, Rock Attributes, Stratigraphy, and Depositional Environments: Yanchang Formation, Central Ordos Basin, China.Stephen C. Ruppel, Harry Rowe, Kitty Milliken, Chao Gao & Yongping Wan - 2017 - Interpretation: SEG 5 (2):SF15-SF29.
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