Mark Casson demonstrates how the economic effects of cultureDSsocial values such as honesty, dedication, and loyaltyDScan be analysed in a rigorous fashion. The author argues that gains from technology in modern society can be offset by high costs stemming from the missing moral dimension whichhas implications for economic competitiveness and for social and economic institutions. A strong culture reduces transaction costs and enhances performanceDSthe success of an economy thus depends on the quality of its culture.