Resumen: En este artículo reviso la interpretación de Eduardo Nicol de la teoría de la propiedad de Francisco Suárez. Para ello, presento la posición de Suárez acerca de la propiedad y la propiedad privada atendiendo dos cuestiones fundamentales. La primera es si la propiedad y la propiedad privada son derechos; la segunda es si ambos pertenecen a la naturaleza humana o no. Al final, argumento que la lectura de Nicol es insostenible, pues difícilmente puede admitirse que Suárez defendió algún tipo (...) de comunismo.: In this paper I revisit Eduardo Nicol’s interpretation of Suarez’s theory of property. To this purpose, I present Suárez’s account of property and private property focusing on two main aspects. The first is whether property and private property are rights; the second is whether they belong to the human nature or not. Finally, I argue that Nicol’s reading of Suárez is untenable for it can hardly be accepted that Suárez defended some kind of communism. (shrink)
Just Ecological Integrity presents a collection of revised and expanded essays originating from the international conference "Connecting Environmental Ethics, Ecological Integrity, and Health in the New Millennium" held in San Jose, Costa Rica in June 2000. It is a cooperative venture of the Global Ecological Integrity Project and the Earth Charter Initiative.
In this paper, we discuss the Extended Self Hypothesis proposed by Andy Clark and David Chalmers, and address the objection that the extended self lacks stability and continuity needed to be considered identical over time. We try to show that such an objection is untenable. We also discuss the view according to which another type of self, i.e., the narrative self, can also be seen as extended, and argue that stability and continuity of this type of self is also not (...) threatened by its extension beyond the boundaries of person’s body. Hence, at least as far as these types of self are concerned, there is no need to confine ourselves to the internalized self when thinking about the problems of personal identity. U ovom članku raspravljamo o hipotezi proširenog jastva Andyja Clarka i Davida Chalmersa, a osobito o prigovoru prema kojemu proširenom jastvu nedostaje stabilnost i kontinuitet koji su potrebni da bismo ga smatrali identičnim kroz vrijeme. Pokušavamo pokazati da je taj prigovor neodrživ. Raspravljamo i o gledištu prema kojemu se drugi tip jastva, to jest narativno jastvo, također može shvatiti kao prošireno, i tvrdimo da stabilnost i kontinuitet toga tipa jastva također nisu ugroženi ako ga proširimo izvan granica čovjekova tijela. Stoga, barem što se tiče tih tipova jastva, kada razmišljamo o problemima osobnog identiteta, nije potrebno ograničiti se na internalizirano jastvo. (shrink)
Despite its potential implications for the objectivity of scientific knowledge, the claim that “scientific instruments are perspectival” has received little critical attention. I show that this claim is best understood as highlighting the dependence of instruments on different perspectives. When closely analyzed, instead of constituting a novel epistemic challenge, this dependence can be exploited to mount novel strategies for resolving two old epistemic problems: conceptual relativism and theory-ladeness. The novel content of this article consists in articulating and developing these strategies (...) by introducing two fine-grained notions of perspectives as the key units of analysis: “broad perspectives” and “narrow perspectives.”. (shrink)
The word νóoς must, if it is inherited from Indo-European, be a word of the λóγoς type, and come from Indo-Eur. nósos, nówos, or nóyos, since a consonant must have been lost, and it is known that only s, w, and y vanished between vowels in Greek. Neither nóyos nor nówos can be traced with a suitable meaning in any Indo-European language; nóyos, on the other hand, would be a very probable ancestor of Skr. nayas. The senses of nayas are, (...) I submit, sufficiently close to those of νóoς to lend some support to the identification. They are: ‘leading, performance, behaviour, worldly wisdom, policy, fundamental principle, system, theory.’. (shrink)
U radu se raspravlja o pojmu i povijesti utopije, pri čemu se naglasak stavlja na moderne oblike utopija rodne tematike. Iako bi se moglo reći da je utopijsko mišljenje imanentno čovjeku, danas se riječ ‘utopija’ koristi mahom u pejorativnom značenju tlapnje i/ili političke zamisli čije ostvarenje nužno vodi u neki oblik totalitarizma. Takva su određenja utopije iznikla iz etimoloških, povijesnih i idejnih nedoumica vezanih uz utopijske teorijske i praktične tvorevine. Opisujući utopiju pojmovima kritike, nade i mašte te ju vezujući uz (...) pojam Mannheimove aktivne utopije, u njoj je moguće pronaći elemente za suočavanje s modernim rodnim i ekološkim problemima. Kao primjer su dane feminističke utopije u kojima su testirane razne rodne teorije i prakse te su predložena rješenja za stvaranje ne idealnih i dovršenih, već poboljšanih svjetova, odnosno svjetova koji dopuštaju poboljšanje.This article discusses the concept and history of utopia with an emphasis on the modern forms of gender utopias. Although it can be said that utopian thought is inherent to humans, today the word ‘utopia’ is generally used in a pejorative meaning of an illusion and/or political concept whose actualization necessarily leads to some form of totalitarianism. These assumptions originated from etymological, historical and conceptional dilemmas associated with utopian theoretical and practical realizations. Describing utopia in terms of critique, hope and imagination as well as linking it with the concept of Mannheim’s active utopia it is possible to find in it elements that can be used for dealing with modern gender and ecological problems. As an example are given feminist utopias in which were tested different gender theories and practices and were suggested solutions for creating not ideal or completed but improved worlds, that is, worlds that allow improvement. (shrink)
Two therapists, daughter and father, are using the non-linear form of the metalogue to reflect upon Barnes and Možina’s metalogue. As the father shows admiration for Batesonian ideas and the ….
Autorica interpretira Dahrendorfovo shvaćanje pojma životnih šansi i slobode kao elemenata društvene stratifikacije. Dahrendorf gradi pojam šansi na Weberovoj definiciji šansi, smatra da su one funkcija dvaju elemenata – opcija i ligatura – i povezuje životne šanse s pojmom slobode. Sloboda je proširenje životnih šansi, pa bi najviša svrha nekog društva bila, s pravom smatra Dahrendorf, proširenje životnih šansi i slobode na sve ljude u društvu.Die Autorin interpretiert Dahrendorfs Auffassung des Begriffs der Lebenschancen und der Freiheit als der Elementen der (...) gesellschaftlichen Stratifikation. Dahrendorf entwickelt den Chancenbegriff an der Weberschen Chancendefinition, und dabei meint, daß sie die Funktion vonzwei Elementen sind – Option und Ligature – und verbindet Lebenschance mit dem Freiheitsbegriff. Die Freiheit bedeutet die Verbreitung von Lebenschancen so, daß sie der höchste Zweckeiner Gesellschaft ist, wie mit Recht Dahrendorf meint, wenn die Lebenschancen und die Freihetan alle Menschen in einer Gesellschaft verbreitet wird. (shrink)
ABSTRACTPrevious research has examined emotion regulation and trauma in the context of psychopathology, yet little research has examined ER in posttraumatic growth, the experience of pos...
Ovaj rad predstavlja rezultate empirijskog istraživanja provedenog radi ispitivanja mišljenja učitelja vokalno-instrumentalne i teorijske nastave pri hrvatskim i srpskim glazbenim školama o učenju na daljinu. Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom svibnja 2020., u vrijeme kad su sve glazbene škole zbog pandemije COVID-19 u potpunosti prešle na sustav učenja na daljinu. Rezultati pokazuju da su se učitelji, usprkos brojnim problemima, osobito lošim internetskim vezama i lošom kvalitetom zvuka dobivenim elektroničkim uređajima, uspješno nosili s realizacijom nastave glazbe na daljinu. Pronađene su statistički značajne (...) razlike u odgovorima nastavnika o učenju na daljinu s obzirom na vrstu nastave koju vode, pa su učitelji koji izvode instrumentalnu i vokalnu nastavu bili bolji u izvođenju učenja na daljinu u odnosu na one koji vode teorijsku nastavu. Usprkos vjerovanju nastavnika da je prijenos potpunog znanja nemoguć putem tehnologije, većina njih otvorena je za mogućnost smislene primjene IKT-a. Stoga se intenzivira pitanje profesionalnog usavršavanja i kontinuirane podrške učiteljima od strane nadležnih institucija Hrvatske i Srbije. This paper presents the results of empirical research conducted to examine the opinion of teachers of vocal, instrumental, and theoretical teaching at Croatian and Serbian music schools on distance learning. The survey was conducted during May 2020, at a time when all music schools have completely switched to a distance learning system due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that teachers, despite numerous problems, especially poor internet connections and poor sound quality obtained by electronic devices, have successfully coped with the realization of distance music teaching. Statistically significant differences were found in teachers’ responses about distance learning regarding the type of classes led by teachers, so teachers who lead instrumental and vocal classes are better at performing distance learning compared to those who lead theoretical classes. Despite the belief of teachers that the transfer of complete knowledge is impossible through technology, most of them are open to the possibility of meaningful application of ICT. Therefore, the issue of professional development and continuous support to teachers by the competent institutions of Croatia and Serbia is intensifying. (shrink)
Across the European research area and beyond, efforts are being mobilized to align research and innovation processes and products with societal values and needs, and to create mechanisms for inclusive priority setting and knowledge production. A central concern is how to foster a culture of “Responsible Research and Innovation” among scientists and engineers. This paper focuses on RRI teaching at higher education institutions. On the basis of interviews and reviews of academic and policy documents, it highlights the generic aspects of (...) teaching aimed at invoking a sense of care and societal obligation, and provides a set of exemplary cases of RRI-related teaching. It argues that the Aristotelian concept of phronesis can capture core properties of the objectives of RRI-related teaching activities. Teaching should nurture the students’ capacity in terms of practical wisdom, practical ethics, or administrative ability in order to enable them to act virtuously and responsibly in contexts which are often characterized by uncertainty, contention, and controversy. (shrink)
İran’ın kuzeybatısında İslam coğrafya âlimlerinin Cibâl olarak tavsif ettikleri bölgede Sâsânîler döneminde kurulan Kazvin, İslâm orduları tarafından bölgede ele geçirilen ilk İran şehirlerinden biri olmuştur. Kuruluşundan itibaren Deylem cihetine yönelik saldırılarda askerî karargâh amaçlı kullanılan kent, İslâm fetihleriyle de bu hüviyetini korumuştur. Halkın İslâm’ı benimsemesinin zamanı ve niteliği hususunda ihtilaflar olmakla birlikte Kazvin'de kısa süre içinde İslâmlaşma tamamlanmıştı. Garnizon kent olmasından kaynaklı iskân ettirilen Arap askerler, diğer beldelerden sınıra cihada gelen Müslümanlar, âlimler ve şehre ayrı imtiyazlarda bulunan halifeler sebebiyle şehir (...) kısa süre içinde fizikî ve kültürel olarak İslâm şehrine dönüşmüştür. Çalışmamızda örnekleriyle somutlaştıracağımız bu unsurlardan ilk olarak Kazvin fatihi Berâ b. Âzib tarafından şehre yerleştirilen Arap askerlerinden aralarında âlim ve ravilerin de bulunduğu kimselerin askerî faaliyetler dışında şehrin İslâm kültür ve medeniyetine katkılarından bahsedeceğiz. Keza İslâm büyükleri ve halifeler tarafından sınırda cihat etmenin faziletine dair sözleri ile teşvik edilen gönüllü askerleri ve gerek evlerinde gerekse camilerde ilim faaliyetlerini sürdüren âlimleri de bu minvalde zikredeceğiz. Son olarak bu askerler için kale, sûr ve şehrin sınıra yakın bölgelerinde inşa edilen mahalleler ile fiziki ortamı sağlayan, şehirde sürekli cihat ortamı olması hasebiyle halkı vergilerden muaf tutan ve vakıflarla malî destekte bulunan halifeleri ve sair idarî amillleri de kentin İslamlaşmasındaki diğer unsurlar arasında ele alacağız. (shrink)
Recent work calls for excluding clinical ethics consultants’ religious ethical commitments from formulating recommendations about particular cases and communicating those recommendations. I demonstrate that three arguments that call for excluding religious ethical commitments from this work logically imply that consultants may not use their secular ethical commitments in their work. The call to sever clinical ethics consultation from the ethical commitments of clinical ethics consultants has implications for the scope of work consultants may do and for the competencies required for (...) such work. (shrink)
In an application of the personality dynamics framework, we advance understanding on the relationship between baseline leader humility and team psychological safety by exploring the roles of humility variability and attractor strength. Specifically, we examine how the consistency of leader-expressed humility across team members operates as a boundary condition in the relationship between leader-expressed humility and team psychological safety. We also explore how the agreement between leader self-reported humility and leader-expressed humility operates as an attractor to predict such a consistency. (...) We test the hypothesized model through a sample of 85 teams, rated by 354 team members. The findings suggest that consistency reinforces, while inconsistency weakens, the effect of leader-expressed humility on team psychological safety. The findings also reveal that SOA relates to the consistency of leader-expressed humility, depending on the level at which the agreement occurs. We conclude that to better understand the outcomes of humble leadership, it is necessary to take into account not only the baseline of humility expressed by the leader, but also his/her humility variability and the strength of the attractor. (shrink)
Across the European research area and beyond, efforts are being mobilized to align research and innovation processes and products with societal values and needs, and to create mechanisms for inclusive priority setting and knowledge production. A central concern is how to foster a culture of “Responsible Research and Innovation” among scientists and engineers. This paper focuses on RRI teaching at higher education institutions. On the basis of interviews and reviews of academic and policy documents, it highlights the generic aspects of (...) teaching aimed at invoking a sense of care and societal obligation, and provides a set of exemplary cases of RRI-related teaching. It argues that the Aristotelian concept of phronesis can capture core properties of the objectives of RRI-related teaching activities. Teaching should nurture the students’ capacity in terms of practical wisdom, practical ethics, or administrative ability in order to enable them to act virtuously and responsibly in contexts which are often characterized by uncertainty, contention, and controversy. (shrink)
I argue that valid informed consent is ethically required for organ donation from individuals declared dead using neurological criteria. Current policies in the U.S. do not require this and, not surprisingly, current practices inhibit the possibility of informed consent. Relevant information is withheld, opportunities to ensure understanding and appreciation are extremely limited, and the ability to make and communicate a free and voluntary decision is hindered by incomplete disclosure and other practices. Current practices should be revised to facilitate valid informed (...) consent for organ donation. (shrink)
