The data showed in this review exposes basic aspects that define organic foods and some factors that influence consumption by the population, ie, its production in the country and the motivations for the consumption of food produced in this system. This way of production, originated in the early decades in the 20th century, nowadays involves environmental, social and health aspects. Although the environment is a more evident aspect than other ones, economic output and potential beneficial to health are discussed further (...) in this description about organic foods. Brazil, has excelled in the growth of this type of farming, however holds the 6th position in the world and 2nd producer in Latin America, with grains and vegetables being the main products, although the livestock reaches the largest area. The consumption of these products is primarily motivated by the perception of organic food as healthier than other kinds of food. However, there are no conclusive studies about better nutritional value, where nutrient concentrations are often unchanged. In contrast the presence of more phytochemicals compounds and reduced pesticides’ content in vegetables, and lipid profile in animal products can justify the health benefits of the products obtained from the organic production system. (shrink)

A orientação filosófica de João Mendes Júnior, por E. de Figueiredo Ferraz.--Pressupostos filosófico-jurídicos da revisão constitucional, por T. Cavalcanti Filho.--A justiça como história, por R. Cirell Czerna.--As regras de trato social em confronto com o direito, por D. de Santis Garcia.--Estado e direito, por C. Ashcar.--Doutrinas interpretativas do fenômeno jurídico, por J. Cretella Júnior.

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (SQT) en una muestra de maestros portugueses. La muestra estuvo formada por 211 maestros de distintos colegios portugueses, 150 (71,10%) mujeres y 61 (28,90%) hombres. Para evaluar el SQT se utilizó el "C..

Book review: FERRAZ, Salma; MAGALHÃES, Antônio C. M.; BRANDÃO, Eli et alii.. Teologia do Riso: humor e mau humor na Bíblia e no cristianismo. Campina Grande: EDUEPB, 2017. 574p. il. ISBN: 978-85-7879-409-5 ISBN E-BOOK: 978-85-7879-410-1.

This essay seeks to answer the questions of which children in the contemporary world have been targeted and killed "unintentionally”or "at random" by the Brazilian State. In order to understand the place of children in this “war” we rely on the work, among others, of Achille Mbembe, Maurizio Lazzarato and Peter Pál Pelbart. Our text is structured in six sections. First, we take up the concepts of biopolitics, biopower and necropolitics, in an attempt to specify the type of governmental power (...) that is exercised nowadays. Biopower is understood, not only as a military or political concept, but also in relation to a “biological” war against blacks, against certain sexualities, against some women and against some children. We than show how the construction of the universal idea of “child” excludes children who do not belong to this representation, which is, in general, disseminated as being the only image of a child. This diffusion of a single, universal notion of “child” is made through countless discursive and audiovisual imagery, and excludes black children and all those who diverge from or “flee” the hegemonic way of representing, thinking and writing about what a child is. Finally, we verify that the dead children are black and poor and we demonstrate the importance of children's political participation in social life. (shrink)

Introduction Context: In Portugal assisted death was approved in February 2020 by the Parliament, although the law is not yet in force. Objectives To find out what doctors think about those practices. Methods A link to a questionnaire was sent by email three times, at intervals of one week, to the doctors registered in the Northern Section of the Portuguese Medical Association, before the Parliamentary approval. Results The questionnaire was returned by 1148 physicians. A minority of doctors would practice a (...) form of assisted death under the present law or if it was legalized, but a higher percentage think that euthanasia should be legalized, and more would like to have that option if they themselves were in a terminal phase of a disease. Religion has a strong influence on the attitudes of doctors, so too does their contact with patients in a terminal phase, as doctors who deal with more patients with far advanced diseases are more likely to be unfavorable to assisted death. On the other hand, younger doctors are more in favor of these practices. Conclusion The small percentage of questionnaires sent back is a weakness in this study and casts doubts on the generalizability of the conclusions. However, this is, so far, the best approximation to the opinions of Portuguese doctors on assisted death. (shrink)

Religions and the research about them were significantly affected by the feminist practices and studies in the twentieth century. In the religious context that has been presented in this third millennium, marked by the autonomy of women and their role in society, further studies are necessary to understand the religious phenomenon that occurs in the silent protagonism of women. One has to ask how to research and to think religion from a feminist perspective at this time; what religion is for (...) women, how women experience religion and appropriate of it in the third millennium. The new religious practices, the connection of women to religion or the ruptures with religions, spearheaded by them, the resistances, their active subjectivity, as alternatives to the traditional spaces circumscribed by religious patriarchy, as well as the issue of autonomy and responsibility of the women in the construction of spiritual and religious alternatives in the contemporary society deserve attention. This text aims to present signs of these protagonist movements of women, especially in the Christian context in the current Brazil, stating hypotheses and presenting reflections on this reality. The text dialogues with the de-colonial feminism and has implications for the ways of conceptualizing and studying religion from the institutionalized religious forms. (shrink)

FERRAZ, Salma (org.). As malasartes de Lúcifer : textos críticos de Teologia e Literatura. Londrina: Editora da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 2012. 281p. ISBN: 978 85 7216 618-8.

O artigo identifica as instâncias subjetivas do que leva o ser humano à busca por experiências de cunho espiritual e religioso. Situa a contemporânea busca religiosa e a crise de sentido que afeta a humanidade como uma busca de realização espiritual e do ser-si-próprio, diante de um mundo onde a potencialidade espiritual se encontra cada vez mais devastada. Viktor Frankl, Karl Jaspers, Paul Tillich, todos originários das contribuições da fenomenologia, são os principais autores a sustentar a reflexão em torno do (...) tema. Frankl sustenta a ideia de um inconsciente espiritual, de uma transcendência da consciência, e Jaspers e Tillich se ocupam com a análise da “situação espiritual do nosso tempo”, uma era cujos reflexos colhemos sobremodo no terceiro milênio. Todos tratam de decifrar a intrínseca relação da não realização espiritual, da busca de um sentido do ser humano para a sua existência com a crise mais generalizada no mundo ocidental. A conclusão do texto segue na perspectiva de que a busca espiritual é inerente ao ser humano, pois se trata da realização do ser humano como ser-si-próprio no mundo. A impossibilidade de realização desta dimensão leva a uma profunda frustração existencial cujas consequências são patentes no modo de vida da humanidade na contemporaneidade. Palavras-chave: Espiritual. Busca de vida. Psicologia da religião. Viktor Frankl. Karl Jaspers. Paul Tillich.The article identifies the subjective instances of what makes humans to search for experiences of spiritual and religious nature. It places the contemporary religious quest and the crisis of meaning that affects humanity as a search of spiritual fulfillment and of the being-oneself, facing a world where spiritual potentiality is increasingly devastated. Viktor Frankl, Karl Jaspers, Paul Tillich, all originating from the contributions of Phenomenology, are the main authors that sustain the reflection around the topic. Frankl holds the idea of an spiritual unconscious, a transcendence of consciousness, and Jaspers and Tillich deal with the analysis of the "spiritual situation of our time", an era whose reflexes we mostly reap in the third millennium. All of them try to decipher the intrinsic relationship of not spiritual realization and of the human being search for a sense of its own existence with the most generalized crisis in the western world. The conclusion of the text follows the perspective that the spiritual quest is inherent in the human being, because it is about the realization of the human being as being-oneself in the world. The impossibility of realization of this dimension leads to a profound existential frustration whose consequences are patent on the way of life of mankind in contemporary times. Keywords: Spiritual. Search for meaning. Psychology of religion. Viktor Frankl. Karl Jaspers. Paul Tillich. (shrink)