With the emergence and rapid growth of Social Media, a number of government departments in several countries have embraced Social Media as a privilege channel to interact with their constituency. We are exploring, in collaboration with the Australian Department of Human Services, the possibility to exploit the potential of social networks to support specific groups of citizens. To this end, we have developed Next Step, an online community to help people currently receiving welfare payments find a job and become financially (...) self-sufficient. In this paper, we explore some ethical issues that arise when governments engage directly with citizens, in particular with communities in difficult situations, and when researchers are involved. We describe some of the challenges we faced and how we addressed them. Our work highlights the complexity of the problem, when an online community involves a government department and a welfare recipient group with a dependency relationship with that department. It becomes a balancing act, with the need to ensure privacy of the community members whilst still fulfilling the government’s legal responsibilities. While difficult, these issues must be addressed if governments are to engage with their citizens using Social Media. (shrink)

Aucun historien sérieux ne pourrait prétendre le contraire, une histoire sans les femmes n'est plus possible. Et pourtant la question, certes provocatrice, ne semblait pas incongrue en 1997, lorsqu'elle fut retenue pour intituler le colloque qui s'est tenu à Rouen, ainsi que l'ouvrage paru l'année suivante. Très tôt, l'histoire des femmes a dû s'exercer à dresser des bilans. Portée par l'engagement et la quête identitaire, il lui fallut périodiquement tenir un discours de justificatio...

In this chapter we identify seven transversal principles which guide our pedagogical approach, and which are today widely shared by teachers. These principles also seem to us to be consistent with research in neuroscience, in particular that of Stanislas “Dehaene, Stanislas. Apprendre! les talents du cerveau, le défi des machines. Odile Jacob, Paris, (2018)” and his four pillars of learning – attention, active engagement, error and surprise signals and the consolidation of acquired knowledge – or those of Antonio “Damasio, (...) Antonio R. L’erreur de Descartes: la raison des émotions. Odile Jacob, Paris, (1995)” on the fundamental role of emotions in supporting learning. The principles advocated are: solicitation of curiosity and commitment; learning through sensitive experiences; connection of knowledge, emotions and values; reappropriation of assessment methods; multifaceted posture of the teacher; politicization of education; self-awareness and striving for common good.The principles highlighted in this section represent the major levers to be operated in order to provide students with truly transformative learning. Tools and examples of real-life implementation of these principles will be detailed in the second part of this book. (shrink)

La biographie historique est un genre depuis longtemps à la mode, tantôt méprisé, tantôt remis à l’honneur par les historiens. Le pari biographique de J. Dalarun se doublait du choix d’un héros méconnu : une femme d’abord, pénitente d’une ville moyenne des Marches, Rimini, à une époque, la première moitié du xive siècle, où son choix de vie n’a ni le prestige de la nouveauté (d’autres femmes, souvent rappelées par l’auteur, l’ont précédée dans cette voie), ni la sécurité de l’approbation (...) hiér... (shrink)

Si, comme le souligne Pierre-François Moreau dans la préface, le rapport de la philosophie spinoziste aux mathématiques est « fort visible », il n’est pas pour autant facile à interpréter. En effet, l’intérêt de Spinoza pour les mathématiques est manifeste dans la forme géométrique de l’Éthique, des Principes de la philosophie de Descartes, et du premier Appendice du Court Traité ; mais elles sont aussi présentes en tant que problèmes à traiter ou comme illustrations dans la correspondance et..

Parce que Spinoza affirme que la vérité n’a besoin d’aucun « signe », il semble que ce dernier concept n’ait pas eu toute l’attention qu’il méritait. L’auteur propose ainsi d’interroger la nature du signe, son rôle et son fonctionnement dans le cadre d’une théorie de l’imagination, et de prendre au sérieux l’idée spinoziste d’une cognitio ex signis. La première partie de l’ouvrage rapporte le signe à la sensation, interdisant par là même de réduire la signification à une théorie du langage. (...) L.. (shrink)

Le livre de Pascal Sévérac se présente comme la reprise de la question qui est à l’horizon de toutes les interrogations sur la philosophie spinoziste, à savoir la question éthique du passage de la servitude à la liberté, ou du pâtir à l’agir. Plus précisément, l’auteur part du constat de la nature problématique de la passivité : d’un point de vue existentiel, peut-on dire que la passivité consiste nécessairement en une vie triste ? Et d’un point de vue ontologique, l’identification (...) de la pass.. (shrink)

Robert Sauzet présente à partir d'un document inédit ­ le livre de raison d'un notaire nîmois du siècle de Louis XIV, Étienne Borrelly ­ la vie quotidienne d'une partie des Français. Ce manuscrit assure la richesse de l'ouvrage. En effet, le texte rédigé par Étienne Borrelly tout au long de sa vie devient vite, de simple livre de famille, un recueil traitant indifféremment de politique nationale ou internationale, d'événements locaux aussi divers que les intempéries météorologiques et ..

Robert Sauzet présente à partir d'un document inédit ­ le livre de raison d'un notaire nîmois du siècle de Louis XIV, Étienne Borrelly ­ la vie quotidienne d'une partie des Français. Ce manuscrit assure la richesse de l'ouvrage. En effet, le texte rédigé par Étienne Borrelly tout au long de sa vie devient vite, de simple livre de famille, un recueil traitant indifféremment de politique nationale ou internationale, d'événements locaux aussi divers que les intempéries météorologiques et...

Robert Sauzet présente à partir d'un document inédit ­ le livre de raison d'un notaire nîmois du siècle de Louis XIV, Étienne Borrelly ­ la vie quotidienne d'une partie des Français. Ce manuscrit assure la richesse de l'ouvrage. En effet, le texte rédigé par Étienne Borrelly tout au long de sa vie devient vite, de simple livre de famille, un recueil traitant indifféremment de politique nationale ou internationale, d'événements locaux aussi divers que les intempéries météorologiques et...

« Dans le monde de l’Éducation physique, le nom de Claude Pujade-Renaud est associé à l’expression corporelle et à la critique du sport ». Avec Mensonge et vérité, Sylvain Férez nous offre une biographie riche et complexe d’une femme, Claude Pujade-Renaud, au parcours atypique (de l’éducation physique à la littérature, de l’homosexualité à l’hétérosexualité, du langage du corps au langage des mots) et aux réflexions intenses sur le sens des langages. La première étape de ce parcours de vie e...

Flora Tristan (1803-1844) a été longtemps oubliée, puis partiellement redécouverte au XXe siècle. Le deuxième centenaire de sa naissance nous apporte deux livres fort différents et providentiellement jumeaux. Le premier est la reprise renouvelée, avec de nombreux inédits, d'un ouvrage antérieur publié en 1985 par ENS Éditions. Nous avons ici un grand nombre de lettres adressées par Flora Tristan à des correspondants très divers outre la famille et les relations personnelles. Nommons...

Marine Le Pen prise aux mots s’ouvre sur le « mot de trop » susceptible de représenter « l’abîme » séparant le discours de Jean-Marie Le Pen et celui de Marine Le Pen. Prenant comme postulat de départ qu’il y a une stratégie de dédiabolisation dans le discours de Marine Le Pen, Cécile Alduy et Stéphane Wahnich se posent la question si cette stratégie change pour autant le contenu idéologique. La question ainsi posée sous-tend une réponse négative : L’abîme entre (...) les deux discours est-il si gr... (shrink)

Femmes et violence : « le sujet est sombre, éprouvant pour celles qui le travaillent » peut-on lire dès l'introduction de cet ouvrage dont les textes sont issus d'un séminaire de recherche « Histoire des femmes » (CNRS-EHESS) associant des historiennes, sociologues et anthropologues. Deux questions s'entrecroisent au fil des articles, celle de la violence exercée par les femmes, sujet relativement nouveau dans le champ de l'histoire des femmes et du genre et celle, plus classique, de...

L’ouvrage de Cécile Ottogalli-Mazzacavallo aborde la question de la transformation des rapports sociaux de sexe et des définitions du genre au tournant du xxe siècle à partir des expériences originales des pionnières de la pratique de l’alpinisme entre 1874 et 1919. En repérant les étapes de l’évolution de l’alpinisme féminin, les modalités privilégiées par les différentes générations de femmes et les discours et représentations qui fondent leur pratique, l’auteure analyse les conditions soci...

Le titre au premier abord énigmatique de cet ouvrage collectif d'anthropologie et le caractère très technique et parfois difficile de son contenu risquent de décourager les lecteurs non spécialistes. Aussi me paraît-il important d'en résumer la problématique tant elle paraît importante pour qui s'intéresse à la question du caractère universel de la différence des sexes et de la subordination des femmes. La lecture de l'introduction générale de Catherine Alès qui présente les différente...

Relire l’histoire de l’école des filles à l’aune des dynamiques suburbaines du xxe siècle, tel est le projet novateur poursuivi par l’auteure de cet ouvrage, issu d’une thèse de doctorat soutenue en 2011 et récompensée par le prix de thèse de l’université Paris-Est. Ce croisement entre l’histoire de l’enseignement féminin, l’histoire urbaine et l’histoire du genre vient alimenter une historiographie de l’école des filles au xxe siècle encore bien fragmentaire. L’étude offre en effet une persp...

Tiré d’un mémoire de maîtrise soutenue à l’Université de Paris I-Panthéon-Sorbonne, sous la direction de Jean-Clément Martin, ici préfacier, Marie-Antoinette et ses biographes. Histoire d’une écriture de la Révolution française, possède les qualités et les défauts de ce type d’exercice. Le titre en est ainsi trompeur, puisqu’il laisse envisager une enquête reposant sur l’ensemble des travaux portant sur la figure historique de Marie-Antoinette. En fait, cinq biographes ont été convoqués et fo...

The republican tradition seems to have a blind spot about global justice. It has had little to say about pressing international issues such as world poverty or global inequalities. According to the old, if apocryphal, adage: extra rempublicam nulla justitia. Some may doubt that distributive justice is the primary virtue of republican institutions; and at any rate most would agree that republican values have traditionally been realized in the polis not in the cosmopolis. The article sketches a republican account of (...) global non-domination which suggests that duties of distributive justice are not bounded to the institutions of a single society. In particular, it argues that republicans have good reasons to seek to curb those global inequalities which underpin what I call capability-denying domination. (shrink)

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain (...) in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. (shrink)

L’article se propose d’explorer ce qui est dit du mariage et de l’amour dans la correspondance d’une famille bourgeoise qui couvre plusieurs générations sur un large xixe siècle. Trois épisodes ont été retenus qui permettent d’observer bien des tensions entre mariage arrangé et mariage d’inclination. D’abord, au début du siècle, la correspondance d’un jeune homme à l’aube d’une brillante carrière scientifique explicite les « raisons » sociales et économiques qui déterminent son choix matrimonial. Puis, dans les années 1840-1843, l’échange entre (...) fiancés montre comment se construit le sentiment amoureux dans le respect de l’autorité parentale et des conventions en vigueur. Enfin, en 1858, autre moment stratégique dans le processus d’ascension sociale, la correspondance résonne des tractations menées par la famille pour conclure une union d’intérêt. À toutes ces étapes, il apparaît que les femmes assument leur destin social, qui est vécu et écrit comme une responsabilité face au cheminement des hommes de la famille. (shrink)

This book functions as a practical guide to support teachers and higher education institutions in the construction of their courses and programmes in light of the Anthropocene. It is divided into two complementary parts. The first part lays the theoretical foundations of what is a transition pedagogy and provides a pedagogical framework. It offers practical tools and didactic levers to be used by teachers and institutions to build a truly transformative pedagogy for students, with reference to universities already experimenting such (...) alternative methods. The second part presents an analysis of the pedagogical tools and levers experienced in worldwide institutions, by teachers, as well as philosophers and experts of pedagogy. The authors of this book advocate for an embodied pedagogy which not only gives students access to content but also to ways of thinking and acting in all conscience. A pedagogy of the Anthropocene epoch therefore encourages the mobilization of reason, emotions and senses as well as systemic reflection in the questioning of our lifestyles and the development of transversal skills. Based on internationally recognized research and practical experiences of institutions and teachers all over the western world, this book gathers the knowledge and experience of professors and researchers, coming from a wide variety of disciplines and cultural context. Their reflections have led them to develop a “head-heart-body approach” and a “6 Gates questioning method” to remodel pedagogy. This book is of interest to those working in the education sector. (shrink)

En Occident, Sartre a été le maître à penser d'une génération où les rapports avec le communisme se trouvaient au coeur des débats intellectuels et politiques. Or, si le philosophe a eu des relations souvent mauvaises avec le PCF, il a revendiqué ses liens avec l'URSS entre 1952 et 1968, malgré une pause provoquée par l'intervention militaire soviétique à Budapest. Sartre s'est même rendu onze fois en URSS, le plus souvent avec Simone de Beauvoir, et ces séjours, qui allaient de (...) quelques heures à plus d'un mois, sont au coeur de ce livre grâce aux rapports rédigés par les accompagnateurs soviétiques du couple. Le philosophe y rencontrait des auteurs officiels qu'il considérait parfois comme des amis et dont les parcours permettent de dresser les contours d'une histoire culturelle de l'URSS. Mais ces voyages et ces contacts s'inscrivaient aussi dans des pratiques établies par Moscou dès le début des années 1920 pour influencer, séduire et manipuler des Occidentaux. Le cas de Sartre est d'autant plus intéressant que le philosophe a créé et incarné la théorie de l'engagement : pour lui, chacun a la responsabilité de changer le monde et doit agir en ce sens ; chacun est responsable de ses actes et sera jugé sur ceux-ci. La question se pose donc : avec l'URSS, pour quoi Sartre s'engageait-il et avec qui?"--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

"The Contact Between Minds: A Metaphysical Hypothesis" by Cecil Delisle Burns is a thought-provoking book that explores the fascinating concept of mind-to-mind communication. Burns, a respected philosopher, delves into the realms of metaphysics to propose a hypothesis that challenges conventional notions of communication and the boundaries of human consciousness. With meticulous reasoning and deep philosophical inquiry, Burns presents his ideas on how minds may connect and exchange information beyond the limitations of traditional communication channels. This book invites readers to contemplate (...) the mysteries of the human mind and opens up new possibilities for understanding the interconnectedness of consciousness. (shrink)

Human beings are killing the planet and themselves in the process. Cecile Pineda asks a simple question: Why? An urgent reframing of current ecological thinking, Apology to a Whale addresses what the intersection of relative linguistics and archeology reveals about the present world's power relations, and what the extraordinary communication of plants and animals can teach us. This masterpiece of creative nonfiction is a wild ride on the frontiers of archeo-linguistics in search of the greatest killer on Earth--us.

How did the universe begin? What is truth? How can we live good live? The Little Book of Philosophy answers these questions and more. Packed with simple explanations, witty illustrations, and step-by-step diagrams that untangle complex theories, you'll find plenty of food for thought in this book, whether you're a novice, a student, or an armchair philosopher"--Page 4 of cover.

Ce texte a déjà paru dans la Revue européenne des sciences sociales – European Journal of Social Science, XLVII-143, 2009, p. 65-85. I. Introduction : Avec la publication en 1862 de l'ouvrage de Clément Juglar, Des crises commerciales et de leur retour périodique, la France devint l'un des lieux de naissance du concept de cycle d'affaires. L'Académie des sciences morales et politiques avait en effet organisé l'année précédente un concours destiné à « rechercher les causes et signaler les effets des (...) - Économie et Marxisme – Nouvel article. (shrink)

Liberal societies conventionally treat religion as unique under the law, requiring both special protection and special containment. But recently this idea that religion requires a legal exception has come under fire from those who argue that religion is no different from any other conception of the good, and the state should treat all such conceptions according to principles of neutrality and equal liberty. Cécile Laborde agrees with much of this liberal egalitarian critique, but she argues that a simple analogy between (...) the good and religion misrepresents the complex relationships among religion, law, and the state. Religion serves as more than a statement of belief about what is true, or a code of moral and ethical conduct. It also refers to comprehensive ways of life, political theories of justice, modes of voluntary association, and vulnerable collective identities. Disaggregating religion into its various dimensions, as Laborde does, has two clear advantages. First, it shows greater respect for ethical and social pluralism by ensuring that whatever treatment religion receives from the law, it receives because of features that it shares with nonreligious beliefs, conceptions, and identities. Second, it dispenses with the Western, Christian-inflected conception of religion that liberal political theory relies on, especially in dealing with the issue of separation between religion and state. As a result, Liberalism's Religion offers a novel answer to the question: Can Western theories of secularism and religion be applied more universally in non-Western societies?--. (shrink)

In this paper, I provide a compositional semantics for sentences with enough and too followed by a to-infinitive clause and for resultative constructions with so... that within the framework of possible world semantics. It is proposed that the sentential complement of these constructions denotes an incomplete conditional and is explicitly or implicitly modalized, as if it were the consequent of a complete conditional. Enough, too, and so are quantifiers that relate an extent predicate and the incomplete conditional (expressed by the (...) sentential complement) and are interpreted as comparisons between two extents. The first extent is the maximal extent that satisfies the extent predicate. The second extent is the minimal or maximal extent of a set of extents that satisfy the (hidden) conditional, where the sentential complement supplies the consequent and the main clause the antecedent. This approach permits to predict (a) the context-dependent interpretation of these constructions and (b) the duality relations between the degree words. (shrink)

The starting point of this paper is the need to promote a people-centred corporate social responsibility framework in a context where many human needs and rights remain unsatisfied and where businesses may have both a positive and a negative impact on the quality of life of human beings today and tomorrow and may even lead to irreversible damage. Our normative definition of CSR is consistent with the criteria established by the EU Commission in 2011. We conceive CSR as a responsibility (...) towards human development in two complementary ways: a holistic responsibility shared by companies together with other actors to safeguard humanity and a direct liability of each company for its impact on stakeholders' capabilities. We apply Nussbaum's list of central capabilities and concept of thresholds to specify the nature and extent of corporate responsibilities towards employees, subcontractors, investors, customers, and humanity as a whole. In addition, we leverage fieldwork in developing and developed countries to analyse the effect of business activities on human capabilities. We demonstrate that by quantifying the impact of businesses' activities on various dimensions of stakeholders' lives, and especially on the most vulnerable ones, these businesses can be held accountable for the negative externalities they produce. (shrink)

This article explores the possible convergence between the capabilities approach and utilitarianism to specify CSR. It defends the idea that this key issue is related to the anthropological perspective that underpins both theories and demonstrates that a relational conception of individual freedoms and rights present in both traditions gives adequate criteria for CSR toward the company's stakeholders. I therefore defend "relational capability" as a means of providing a common paradigm, a shared vision of a core component of human development. This (...) could further lead to a set of indicators aimed at assessing corporate social performance as the maximization of the relational capability of people impacted by the activities of companies. In particular, I suggest a way of evaluating the contribution of extractive companies to the communities close to their industrial sites in extremely poor areas, not from the viewpoint of material resources and growth, but from the viewpoint of the quality of the social environment and empowerment. (shrink)

During the second half of the 20th century several American multidisciplinary social science „disaster research groups“ conducted numerous field studies after earthquakes, factory explosions and “racial riots”, both inside and outside of the United States. Their aim was to investigate the reactions and behavior of individuals, organizations and communities to disasters. All of these groups were either promoted or at least partly founded by different branches of the US military. This article will analyze the groups’ studies and findings on the (...) question of disasters’ psychological effects. The main focus will be on the stance the scientists took on the diagnosis of psychological trauma—especially Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)—and the post disaster therapeutic interventions that became widespread in the 1970s and early 1980s. The disaster researchers questioned the need for, as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of “disaster mental health”. At the same time they advocated early ideas of resilience, which later became one of the most important concepts in disaster management and beyond. (shrink)

This paper argues that the self, as both the centre of our identity and the focus of our spiritual life, has not been given enough consideration with regard to the ethics of managers and leaders. Informed by models of self-realisation and the Jungian process of individuation, our discussion suggests that the way we perceive and interpret our self affects our moral behaviour. In particular, integrity of the self fully participates in enhancing servant leadership and consistent ethical practice. We illustrate the (...) argument with comments from various managers on the statement: ‘Being true to your self’. (shrink)

This paper argues that the self, as both the centre of our identity and the focus of our spiritual life, has not been given enough consideration with regard to the ethics of managers and leaders. Informed by models of self-realisation and the Jungian process of individuation, our discussion suggests that the way we perceive and interpret our self affects our moral behaviour. In particular, integrity of the self fully participates in enhancing servant leadership and consistent ethical practice. We illustrate the (...) argument with comments from various managers on the statement: ‘Being true to your self’. (shrink)

Ethics review committees have become a common institution in English-speaking research communities, and are now increasingly being adopted in a variety of research environments. In light of existing debates on the aptness of ethics review boards for assessing research work in the social sciences, this article investigates the ways in which researchers navigate issues of research ethics in the absence of a formal review procedure or of an ethics review board. Through the analysis of qualitative and quantitative data, the article (...) questions the overall utility of ethics review boards. Highlighting the importance of space for sharing, the authors argue for the development of a new type of structure that takes into account researchers’ ‘ethos of responsibility’ as an adequate ethical compass for research in the social sciences. (shrink)

Do we have the right to deny others access to our body? What if this would harm those who need personal services or body parts from us? Ccile Fabre examines the impact that arguments for distributive justice have on the rights we have over ourselves, and on such contentious issues as organ sales, prostitution, and surrogate motherhood.

Practical Knowledge, Science and Disasters. The History of Social Science Disaster Research, 1949–1979. During the second half of the twentieth century several US-American social science “disaster research groups” conducted field studies after earthquakes, factory explosions and “racial riots”. Their aim was to provide practical knowledge that could be applied in the planning and managing of future disasters of both peace- and wartime nature. In this paper, I will elaborate on how this research goal conflicted with some scientists’ aspirations to develop (...) more theoretical knowledge and their own ideals of “scientificity”. I will also show how the generated research results came to be ‘impractical knowledge’, which was difficult or impossible to apply. Furthermore this paper analyzes the scientific practices that were involved at different stages of the knowledge production process and contributed to disaster research's ‘precarious’ character. (shrink)

O mágico de Oz, obra de L. Frank Baum, muito embora tenha sido escrita no fim do século XIX, permanece atuando sobre o imaginário infantil cem anos depois. Centrado na personagem feminina, o texto não só desconstrói os estereótipos do conto de fadas tradicional, ao relativizar o papel da bruxa, que pode ser boa ou má, como também garante o estatuto de herói para uma personagem infantil do gênero feminino. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho pretende discutir qual é a representação de (...) gênero veiculada pelas personagens femininas, fundamentado em estudos de crítica feminista. (shrink)

Despite increasing the presence of ‘ethics talk’ in business and management curricula, the ability of business ethics educators to question the system and support the development of morally responsible agents is debatable. This is not because of a lack of care or competence; rather, this situation points towards a more general tendency of education to become focused on economic growth, as Nussbaum claims. Revisiting the nature of ethics education, I argue that much moral learning occurs through the imagination, and not (...) solely through the rational mind. Individuals are complex, and a great part of what we are lies below the threshold of consciousness. In this respect, ethics education must take into account the psyche and its influence on conscious behaviour, which can best be apprehended through the imagination. Echoing Jung’s concerns about unconscious and indiscriminate masses, I thus explore how imagination and creative material contribute to enhancing both self-knowledge and ethical reflection in the context of organisational life and business education. I especially consider how moral development and social awareness are tied up with individual psychological understanding, and argue that Jung’s analytical psychology offers insightful tools to explore our individuality. (shrink)