Results for 'Control Problem'

957 found
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  1.  50
    The Control Problem. Excerpts from Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies.Nick Bostrom - 2009 - In Susan Schneider (ed.), Science Fiction and Philosophy: From Time Travel to Superintelligence. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 308–330.
    This chapter analyzes the control problem, the unique principal‐agent problem that arises with the creation of an artificial superintelligent agent. It distinguishes two broad classes of potential methods for addressing this problem, capability control and motivation selection, and examines several specific techniques within each class. It also alludes to the esoteric possibility of “anthropic capture”. Capability control methods seek to prevent undesirable outcomes by limiting what the superintelligence can do. This might involve boxing methods (...)
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  2.  9
    Strategies for Solving Impulse-Control Problems: Comments on George Ainslie's "Picoeconomics".Robert H. Frank - 1993 - Behavior and Philosophy 21 (2):49 - 55.
  3.  13
    Stoic philosophy and the control problem of AI technology: caught in the Web.Edward H. Spence - 2021 - Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
    Spence develops and applies a normative model based on rationalist and virtue ethics as well as stoic philosophy to assess the impact of technology on wellbeing. Through developing this model, Spence offers a novel and important examination of the benefit of technology to our society as a whole.
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  4. Superintelligence and the Future of Governance: On Prioritizing the Control Problem at the End of History.Phil Torres - 2018 - In Yampolskiy Roman (ed.), Artificial Intelligence Safety and Security. CRC Press.
    This chapter argues that dual-use emerging technologies are distributing unprecedented offensive capabilities to nonstate actors. To counteract this trend, some scholars have proposed that states become a little “less liberal” by implementing large-scale surveillance policies to monitor the actions of citizens. This is problematic, though, because the distribution of offensive capabilities is also undermining states’ capacity to enforce the rule of law. I will suggest that the only plausible escape from this conundrum, at least from our present vantage point, is (...)
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  5.  18
    Inherited quality control problems.Peter H. Schönemann - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (1):145-145.
  6.  20
    Solving a Joint Pricing and Inventory Control Problem for Perishables via Deep Reinforcement Learning.Rui Wang, Xianghua Gan, Qing Li & Xiao Yan - 2021 - Complexity 2021:1-17.
    We study a joint pricing and inventory control problem for perishables with positive lead time in a finite horizon periodic-review system. Unlike most studies considering a continuous density function of demand, in our paper the customer demand depends on the price of current period and arrives according to a homogeneous Poisson process. We consider both backlogging and lost-sales cases, and our goal is to find a simultaneously ordering and pricing policy to maximize the expected discounted profit over the (...)
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  7. Varieties of Artificial Moral Agency and the New Control Problem.Marcus Arvan - 2022 - Humana.Mente - Journal of Philosophical Studies 15 (42):225-256.
    This paper presents a new trilemma with respect to resolving the control and alignment problems in machine ethics. Section 1 outlines three possible types of artificial moral agents (AMAs): (1) 'Inhuman AMAs' programmed to learn or execute moral rules or principles without understanding them in anything like the way that we do; (2) 'Better-Human AMAs' programmed to learn, execute, and understand moral rules or principles somewhat like we do, but correcting for various sources of human moral error; and (3) (...)
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  8.  32
    Sequential strategies in dual control problems.Richard M. Cyert & Morris H. Degroot - 1977 - Theory and Decision 8 (2):173-192.
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  9.  17
    Application of Transcendental Bernstein Polynomials for Solving Two-Dimensional Fractional Optimal Control Problems.Fateme Ghomanjani, Samad Noeiaghdam & Sanda Micula - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-10.
    The aim of this study is to introduce a novel method to solve a class of two-dimensional fractional optimal control problems. Since there are some difficulties solving these problems using analytical methods, thus finding numerical methods to approximate their solution is a challenging topic. In this study, we use transcendental Bernstein series. In fact, for solving the problem, we generalize the Bernstein polynomials to a larger class of functions which can provide more accurate approximate solutions. The convergence theorem (...)
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  10.  25
    The ethics of biobanking: Assessing the right to control problem for broad consent.Neil C. Manson - 2019 - Bioethics 33 (5):540-549.
    The biobank consent debate is one with deeply held convictions on both the ‘broad’ and ‘specific’ side with little sign of resolution. Recently, Thomas Ploug and Soren Holm have developed an alternative to both specific and broad consent: a meta‐consent framework. The aim here is to consider whether meta‐consent provides a ‘solution’ to the biobank consent debate. We clarify what ‘meta‐consent’ actually is (arguing that the label is a misnomer and ‘consent à la carte’ is more accurate). We identify problems (...)
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  11.  41
    Algorithmic Decision-Making and the Control Problem.John Zerilli, Alistair Knott, James Maclaurin & Colin Gavaghan - 2019 - Minds and Machines 29 (4):555-578.
    The danger of human operators devolving responsibility to machines and failing to detect cases where they fail has been recognised for many years by industrial psychologists and engineers studying the human operators of complex machines. We call it “the control problem”, understood as the tendency of the human within a human–machine control loop to become complacent, over-reliant or unduly diffident when faced with the outputs of a reliable autonomous system. While the control problem has been (...)
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  12.  63
    Can massive modularity explain human intelligence? Information control problem and implications for cognitive architecture.Linus Ta-Lun Huang - 2021 - Synthese 198 (9):8043-8072.
    A fundamental task for any prospective cognitive architecture is information control: routing information to the relevant mechanisms to support a variety of tasks. Jerry Fodor has argued that the Massive Modularity Hypothesis cannot account for flexible information control due to its architectural commitments and its reliance on heuristic information processing. I argue instead that the real trouble lies in its commitment to nativism—recent massive modularity models, despite incorporating mechanisms for learning and self-organization, still cannot learn to control (...)
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  13. Problems of Control: Alcohol Dependence, Anorexia Nervosa, and the Flexible Interpretation of Mental Incapacity Tests.Jillian Craigie & Ailsa Davies - 2018 - Medical Law Review 27 (2):215-241.
    This article investigates the ability of mental incapacity tests to account for problems of control, through a study of the approach to alcohol dependence and a comparison with the approach to anorexia nervosa, in England and Wales. The focus is on two areas of law where questions of legal and mental capacity arise for people who are alcohol dependent: decisions about treatment for alcohol dependence and diminished responsibility for a killing. The mental incapacity tests used in these legal contexts (...)
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  14.  7
    The Problem of Mental Control: Neuroscience, Artificial Intelligence, Social Communications.Давид Израилевич Дубровский - 2024 - Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 67 (1):7-28.
    This article examines the problem of the specificity and functions of mental control from two main perspectives: (1) from the standpoint of natural scientific explanation; (2) within a socio-psychological and socio-humanitarian context. The first approach employs an information-based framework to address the question of how phenomena of subjective reality can serve as causes of physical changes. The distinction between informational and physical causality is elucidated, providing a justification for psychic (mental) causality as a form of informational causality. Within (...)
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  15.  17
    Control versus Complexity: Approaches to the Carbon Dioxide Problem at IIASA.Isabell Schrickel - 2017 - Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 40 (2):140-159.
    Translation abstractSummary: Control versus Complexity: Approaches to the Carbon Dioxide Problem at IIASA. In the 1970s and 1980s the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) hosted several research projects, workshops and conferences in order to discuss the implications of rising carbon dioxide concentrations in the Earth's atmosphere. A number of distinguished scholars, some of whom later became prominent protagonists within the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and sustainability communities more generally, participated in these debates. (...)
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  16. Self-control, willpower and the problem of diminished motivation.Thomas D. Connor - 2014 - Philosophical Studies 168 (3):783-796.
    Self-control has been described as the ability to master motivation that is contrary to one’s better judgement; that is, an ability that prevents such motivation from resulting in behaviour that is contrary to one’s overall better judgement (Mele, Irrationality: An essay on Akrasia, self-deception and self-control, p. 54, 1987). Recent discussions in philosophy have centred on the question of whether synchronic self-control, in which one exercises self-control whilst one is currently experiencing opposing motivation, is actional or (...)
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  17.  11
    The Problems of Self-control and Cognition in Aristippus and the early Cyrenaics’ Hedonism. 오지은 - 2016 - Cheolhak-Korean Journal of Philosophy 129:49.
    본고의 목적은 전기 키레네학파가 아리스티포스를 충실히 따르고자 했음에도, 절제 및 인식의 문제와 관련해서는 자신들의 학설에 아리스티포스의 신념을 성공적으로 반영했다고 평가하기 어렵다는 점을 보이는 일이다. 이를 위해 본고는 아리스티포스의 일화들 속에서 절제력을 중요시하고 욕망의 무한확대를 경계하기도 하는 그의 모습을 확인한다. 이어서 전기 학파의 쾌락 개념과 반행복주의를 서술하고, 도덕의 본래적 가치를 부정하는 그들의 입장을 설명하면서, 전기 학파와 아리스티포스의 공통점을 찾는다. 다음으로 전기 학파가 절제력에 대해 침묵했다는 문제점과 인식론적 회의주의를 무리하게 도입했다는 문제점을 제시하고, 바로 이 때문에 그들이 아리스티포스로부터 멀어지게 되었다고 해석한다. 마지막으로 본고는 (...)
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  18.  24
    Basic problems in controlled trials.R. Burkhardt & G. Kienle - 1983 - Journal of Medical Ethics 9 (2):80-84.
    On the basis of critical discussions which have taken place in recent years in the Federal Republic of Germany, certain methodological, ethical and legal problems arising in relation to controlled trials are discussed. Because of methodological inconsistencies inherent in the experimental approach, the efficacy of a drug must in any case be judged by physicians. This leads to major ethical and even--at least in Germany--legal problems which impose considerable limits on the feasibility of controlled trials in Germany. Editor's note: This (...)
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  19. The Problem of Enhanced Control.Christopher Evan Franklin - 2011 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 89 (4):687 - 706.
    A crucial question for libertarians about free will and moral responsibility concerns how their accounts secure more control than compatibilism. This problem is particularly exasperating for event-causal libertarianism, as it seems that the only difference between these accounts and compatibilism is that the former require indeterminism. But how can indeterminism, a mere negative condition, enhance control? This worry has led many to conclude that the only viable form of libertarianism is agent-causal libertarianism. In this paper I show (...)
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  20.  2
    The Problem of Diminished Control.Randolph Clarke - 2003 - In Libertarian Accounts of Free Will. New York, US: Oxford University Press USA.
    This chapter examines the charge that the indeterminism required by standard event-causal libertarian accounts would diminish the control that is exercised in acting. The objection has been advanced with an ensurance argument and an argument from luck. Both arguments are rejected; nondeterministic causation of an action by its immediate causal antecedents need not diminish at all the type of control relevant to free action. This chapter further assesses the account of free will advanced by Robert Kane, which imposes (...)
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  21. Speech-controlled motor behavior and problem solutions-what is relevant.Ef Shipley - 1991 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 29 (6):478-478.
     
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  22.  20
    Navigating between Complexity and Control in Transdisciplinary Problem Framing: Meaning Making as an Approach to Reflexive Integration.Basil Bornemann & Marius Christen - 2020 - Social Epistemology 34 (4):357-369.
    Referring to a problem-oriented research mode, transdisciplinarity faces the challenge of dealing with the complexity of real-world problems in a methodologically controlled manner. As the first st...
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  23.  28
    Control Theory: Placebo-Controlled Drug Trials Have Problems. Active-Controlled Drug Trials Are Not Always the Solution.Beatrice Alexandra Golomb - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (9):67-69.
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  24. Problem-oriented learning: Facilitating the use of domain-specific and control strategies through modeling by an expert.Heinz Mandl, Cornelia Gräsel & Frank Fischer - 2000 - In Walter J. Perrig & Alexander Grob (eds.), Control of Human Behavior, Mental Processes, and Consciousness: Essays in Honor of the 60th Birthday of August Flammer. Erlbaum. pp. 165--182.
     
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  25.  26
    Conceptual problems in the act-versus-pattern analysis of self-control.Suresh Kanekar - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (1):132-133.
    The primary argument against Rachlin's act-versus-pattern analysis of self-control is that it is wrong to think of a temptation as a solitary act while the alternative is conceived of as an element of a pattern. Either both are solitary acts or both are members of patterns, however different the patterns may be in their complexity and abstractness.
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  26.  70
    The Mismatch Problem: Why Mele's Approach to the Puzzle of Synchronic Self‐control Does Not Succeed.Hannah Altehenger - 2021 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 102 (2):243-266.
    Most of us have had the experience of resisting our currently strongest desire, for example, resisting the desire to eat another cookie when eating another cookie is what we most want to do. The puzzle of synchronic self‐control, however, says that this is impossible: an agent cannot ever resist her currently strongest desire. The paper argues that one prominent solution to this puzzle – the solution offered by Al Mele – faces a serious ‘mismatch problem’, which ultimately undermines (...)
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  27.  11
    Controlling cooperative problem solving in industrial multi-agent systems using joint intentions.N. R. Jennings - 1995 - Artificial Intelligence 75 (2):195-240.
  28.  36
    Problems associated with randomized controlled clinical trials in breast cancer.Ann E. Johnson - 1998 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 4 (2):119-126.
  29.  23
    The Problem of Control in Abduction.Robert G. Burton - 2000 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 36 (1):149 - 156.
  30. A problem for guidance control.Patrick Todd & Neal A. Tognazzini - 2008 - Philosophical Quarterly 58 (233):685-692.
    Central to Fischer and Ravizza's theory of moral responsibility is the concept of guidance control, which involves two conditions: (1) moderate reasons-responsiveness, and (2) mechanism ownership. We raise a worry for Fischer and Ravizza's account of (1). If an agent acts contrary to reasons which he could not recognize, this should lead us to conclude that he is not morally responsible for his behaviour; but according to Fischer and Ravizza's account, he satisfies the conditions for guidance control and (...)
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  31. Cognitive control, intentions, and problem solving in skill learning.Wayne Christensen & Kath Bicknell - 2022 - Synthese 200 (6):1-36.
    We investigate flexibility and problem solving in skilled action. We conducted a field study of mountain bike riding that required a learner rider to cope with major changes in technique and equipment. Our results indicate that relatively inexperienced individuals can be capable of fairly complex 'on-the-fly' problem solving which allows them to cope with new conditions. This problem solving is hard to explain for classical theories of skill because the adjustments are too large to be achieved by (...)
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  32.  63
    Problems in controlled trials--a critical response.D. W. Vere - 1983 - Journal of Medical Ethics 9 (2):85-89.
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  33.  47
    The problem of control in the weak state.Gary G. Hamilton & John R. Sutton - 1989 - Theory and Society 18 (1):1-46.
  34.  18
    The Problem of Correct Source Apportionment in the Decisional Processes of Pollution Control.V. G. Dovì - 1994 - Global Bioethics 7 (1):35-38.
  35.  14
    Stimulus control and spreading cortical depression: Some problems reconsidered.Allen M. Schneider - 1968 - Psychological Review 75 (4):353-358.
  36. Randomized Controlled Trials for Diagnostic Imaging: Conceptual and Pratical Problems.Elisabetta Lalumera & Stefano Fanti - 2019 - Topoi 38 (2):395-400.
    We raise a problem of applicability of RCTs to validate nuclear diagnostic imaging tests. In spite of the wide application of PET and other similar techniques that use radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic purposes, RCT-based evidence on their validity is sparse. We claim that this is due to a general conceptual problem that we call Prevalence of Treatment, which arises in connection with designing RCTs for testing any diagnostic procedure in the present context of medical research, and is particularly apparent (...)
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  37.  21
    Problems and Paradigms: Multistep emancipation of tumors from growth control: Can it be curbed in a single step?George Klein - 1990 - Bioessays 12 (7):347-350.
  38.  12
    Research on applications and problem of control of swarm intelligence and robotics.Baraniuk A. S. - 2020 - Artificial Intelligence Scientific Journal 25 (1):44-50.
    This article provides overview of the swarm intelligence and robotics fields, main characteristics of such systems provided, their advantages and disadvantages as well as differences from other multi-agent systems. Also, main fields of application for swarm systems with examples provided apart from short information on swarm optimizations. The problem of swarms’ control described and possible solutions for it such as algorithm replacement, parameters change, control through environment and leaders. Apart from that fields for possible future research noted.
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  39. Philosophical problems of control.Alessandro Giordani & Luca Mari - 2012 - Rivista di Filosofia Neo-Scolastica 104 (4):661-686.
    The present paper presents a philosofical analysis of the concept of control based on a specific characterization of the structure of control systems. The paper is subdivided into four section: in the first and the second sections the control dynamics is described and interpreted, while the last two sections briefly copy with the relationships between control, teleonomy, teleology and freedom.
     
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  40.  11
    Problems and paradigms: Do lonic currents play a role in the control of development?Claudio D. Stern - 1986 - Bioessays 4 (4):180-184.
  41.  10
    Autonomous nature: problems of prediction and control from ancient times to the scientific revolution.Carolyn Merchant - 2016 - New York: Routledge.
    Introduction:Can nature be controlled?. Autonomous nature -- Greco-Roman concepts of nature -- Christianity and nature -- Nature personified : Renaissance ideas of nature -- Controlling nature. Vexing nature : Francis Bacon and the origins of experimentation -- Natural law : Spinoza on natura naturans and natura naturata -- Laws of nature :Lleibniz and Newton -- Epilogue : rambunctious nature in the twenty-first century.
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  42.  11
    Relationship between parental psychological control and suicide ideation in Chinese adolescents: Chained mediation through resilience and maladjustment problems.Ji Sun & Yongfei Ban - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Suicide ideation is an essential predictor of suicide deaths and is highly prevalent among Chinese adolescents. Several studies have highlighted the significant association between parental psychological control and suicide ideation. However, few studies have focused on the potential mechanisms underlying this relationship. This study investigated the chained mediating effects of resilience and maladjustment problems on the relationship between parental psychological control and suicide ideation among Chinese adolescents. A total of 2,042 students in junior high school completed measurements. The (...)
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  43. Commentary on'Problems associated with randomised controlled clinical trials in breast cancer'.M. Baum - 1998 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 4:127-128.
     
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  44. Commentary on'Problems associated with randomized controlled clinical trials in breast cancer'.W. J. Cunliffe - 1998 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 4:129-130.
     
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  45. Confronting Many-Many Problems: Attention and Agentive Control.Wayne Wu - 2011 - Noûs 45 (1):50-76.
    I argue that when perception plays a guiding role in intentional bodily action, it is a necessary part of that action. The argument begins with a challenge that necessarily arises for embodied agents, what I call the Many-Many Problem. The Problem is named after its most common case where agents face too many perceptual inputs and too many possible behavioral outputs. Action requires a solution to the Many-Many Problem by selection of a specific linkage between input and (...)
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  46.  67
    Exercising control in practical reasoning: Problems for naturalism about agency.John Bishop - 2012 - Philosophical Issues 22 (1):53-72.
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  47.  13
    Beyond the control of God?: six views on the problem of God and abstract objects.Paul M. Gould (ed.) - 2014 - New York: Bloomsbury Publishing.
  48. Self-control: Beyond commitment.Howard Rachlin - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (1):109-121.
    Self-control, so important in the theory and practice of psychology, has usually been understood introspectively. This target article adopts a behavioral view of the self (as an abstract class of behavioral actions) and of self-control (as an abstract behavioral pattern dominating a particular act) according to which the development of self-control is a molar/molecular conflict in the development of behavioral patterns. This subsumes the more typical view of self-control as a now/later conflict in which an act (...)
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  49.  17
    Application of Flower Pollination Algorithm for Solving Complex Large-Scale Power System Restoration Problem Using PDFF Controllers.G. Ganesan Subramanian, Albert Alexander Stonier, Geno Peter & Vivekananda Ganji - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-12.
    Automatic Generation Control in modern power systems is getting complex, due to intermittency in the output power of multiple sources along with considerable digressions in the loads and system parameters. To address this problem, this paper proposes an approach to calculate Power System Restoration Indices of a 2-area thermal-hydro restructured power system. This study also highlights the necessary ancillary service requirements for the system under a deregulated environment to cater to large-scale power failures and entire system outages. An (...)
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  50.  36
    The Harm Principle as a Mid‐Level Principle? Three Problems From the Context of Infectious Disease Control.André Krom - 2011 - Bioethics 25 (8):437-444.
    Effective infectious disease control may require states to restrict the liberty of individuals. Since preventing harm to others is almost universally accepted as a legitimate (prima facie) reason for restricting the liberty of individuals, it seems plausible to employ a mid‐level harm principle in infectious disease control. Moral practices like infectious disease control support – or even require – a certain level of theory‐modesty. However, employing a mid‐level harm principle in infectious disease control faces at least (...)
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