Meiotic recombination in eukaryotic cells requires two homologs of E. coli RecA protein, Rad51 and Dmc1. Until recently, the role of Dmc1 in meiotic recombination was mostly attributed to genetic studies as purified Dmc1 was found to be a much weaker recombinase than Rad51 in the test tube. Now, Sehorn and colleagues1 have reported that, like Rad51, human Dmc1 is an efficient recombinase in vitro. Dmc1 forms helical nucleoprotein filaments—the signature of classical recombinases such as Rad51. These observations reveal a (...) high level of similitude between the Dmc1 and the Rad51 family of recombination enzymes in higher eukaryotes. BioEssays 26:1151–1155, 2004. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

Wilfrid Sellars é conhecido por seu famoso ataque a ideia de dados epistêmicos, isto é, a tese de que há algum conhecimento que é "dado" diretamente ao sujeito. De sua rejeição a dadidade, no entanto, seguem-se importantes ideias para uma discussão epistemológica. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a premissa geral do dado e da crítica de Sellars, e então discutir os conceitos extraídos desta crítica, introduzindo a epistemologia do próprio autor.

Robert Brandom propõe um modelo de interação social no qual defende que as atitudes práticas dos usuários da linguagem instituem os conteúdos semânticos e as normas inferenciais que determinam seus usos. Assim, o que ele descreve é uma prática linguística, caracterizado por asserções, que mostra como as atitudes dos agentes, diante das asserções sendo produzidas e consumidas, devem ser entendidas para que instituam conteúdos inferencialmente articulados. Ademais, Brandom relaciona a prática assertiva e o entendimento inferencial do conteúdo semântico a um (...) paradigma racionalista, sugerindo que os conteúdos que aparecem em asserções são aquilo que podem ser oferecidos ou exigidos, dentro da prática de uso da linguagem, como razões. Considerando estas ideias, o objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver e relacionar os conceitos de "asserção", "inferência" e "razão", tais como Brandom os compreende. (shrink)

Este artigo introduz as principais ideias da semântica inferencialista de três níveis proposta por Robert Brandom, apresentando-a segundo os conceitos de inferência, substituição e anáfora, relativos a cada nível da análise. Inicia-se discutindo o nível sentencial e em seguida mostram-se as principais razões para analisar os níveis semânticos subsentenciais da linguagem.

In _Conceptual Issues in Psychoanalysis_, John Gedo's mastery of Freudian theory and broad historical consciousness subserve a new goal: an understanding of "dissidence" in psychoanalysis. Gedo launches his inquiry by reflecting expansively on recent assessments of Freud's character. His acute remarks on the intellectual and personal agendas that inform the portraits of Freud offered by Frank Sulloway, Jeffrey Masson, and Peter Swales pave the way for his own definition of psychoanalysis in historical context. Then, in topical studies on Sandor (...) Ferenczi, Melanie Klein, and Heinz Kohut, he explicates the commonalities that bind together three generations of dissidents, each of whom undertook to supplant the edifice of hypotheses erected by Freud with alternative theories. Interspersed with these essays are quite insightful studies of Lou Andreas-Salome and David Rapaport, whom Gedo sees as "epistemological referees" attempting to reconcile viewpoints unique to their generations. In the second part of the book, Gedo argue that analysis now has the opportunity to move beyond this pattern of dissidence followed by mediation by drawing on observational research about infancy and early childhood to validate or refute its clinical hypotheses. In these chapters, Gedo offers critical commentary on recent efforts to extrapolate from infant research to the psychoanalytic theory of development. Only then does he offer his own measured estimation of the "legacy of infancy and the technique of psychoanalysis." This review of "the challenge of scientific method" as it bears on analysis culminates in concluding chapters that probe the status of analysis as a hermeneutic discipline and the contribution of analysis to "vocabularies of moral deliberation.". (shrink)

In _Conceptual Issues in Psychoanalysis_, John Gedo's mastery of Freudian theory and broad historical consciousness subserve a new goal: an understanding of "dissidence" in psychoanalysis. Gedo launches his inquiry by reflecting expansively on recent assessments of Freud's character. His acute remarks on the intellectual and personal agendas that inform the portraits of Freud offered by Frank Sulloway, Jeffrey Masson, and Peter Swales pave the way for his own definition of psychoanalysis in historical context. Then, in topical studies on Sandor (...) Ferenczi, Melanie Klein, and Heinz Kohut, he explicates the commonalities that bind together three generations of dissidents, each of whom undertook to supplant the edifice of hypotheses erected by Freud with alternative theories. Interspersed with these essays are quite insightful studies of Lou Andreas-Salome and David Rapaport, whom Gedo sees as "epistemological referees" attempting to reconcile viewpoints unique to their generations. In the second part of the book, Gedo argue that analysis now has the opportunity to move beyond this pattern of dissidence followed by mediation by drawing on observational research about infancy and early childhood to validate or refute its clinical hypotheses. In these chapters, Gedo offers critical commentary on recent efforts to extrapolate from infant research to the psychoanalytic theory of development. Only then does he offer his own measured estimation of the "legacy of infancy and the technique of psychoanalysis." This review of "the challenge of scientific method" as it bears on analysis culminates in concluding chapters that probe the status of analysis as a hermeneutic discipline and the contribution of analysis to "vocabularies of moral deliberation.". (shrink)

Gennaro Chtjerchia, Dynamics of meaning: anaphora, presupposition, and the the of grammar. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1995.xv+ 270 pp, £59.95, £31.95 G. Pr...

Studies of conceptual and neural mapping in cognitive linguistics, while posing a fundamental challenge for religious belief, also suggest new ways of understanding how people conceptualize God and make theological inferences. This book, inspired by that research and attentive to the distinctive insights of Christian theology, elaborates an innovative explanation of God-talk, better able to credibly address confusion and controversies that trouble the church, academic theology, and broader culture. The first part analyzes both cognitive linguistics' challenge to standard theological depictions (...) of metaphorical, analogous, symbolic, and literal language, and the discipline's promise for providing a more satisfactory account. The second half examines six case studies to illustrate how clarifying the conceptual mapping in God-talk and theological inferences provides a powerful tool for advancing religious understanding. The illustrations include the hypothesis that religion is an epiphenomenon of evolution, the so-called new atheism, Black theology, and controversies between theologians and Church authorities. (shrink)

Described by Jeffrey Masson as 'the single best introduction to animal rights ever written,' this new book by Tom Regan dispels the negative image of animal rights advocates perpetrated by the mass media, unmasks the fraudulent rhetoric of 'humane treatment' favored by animal exploiters, and explains why existing laws function to legitimize institutional cruelty.

Comme suite à de précédentes recherches sur des inscriptions Cretoises (BCH 1979 et 1983) on donne d'abord ici (VI) une nouvelle étude de l'inscription de Knossos dite des Epilykoi, publiée en 1948 par N. Platon (vocabulaire et anthroponymie). Ensuite examen des noms crétois de la série Taskos (VII) ; du nom Pratalidas à Lykastos (VIII) et du nom de Matala, canéphore d'Arsinoé à Alexandrie (IX).

XV, Les rois de Paphos avant et après le siège de 498 : l'Étewandros connu par les bracelets du « trésor de Curium » peut être le roi Ituandar de la liste assyrienne de 672. Pillage de Paphos en 498. Contrairement à ce qu'on avait pu croire, l'onomastique des rois postérieurs au siège reste grecque. XVI, Notes sur le « trésor de Curium » : les récits de la fouille de la nécropole de Courion, dans la correspondance de Cesnola, montrent (...) comment a été forgé, peu à peu, le mythe du « trésor de Curium ». XVII, Quelques inscriptions difficiles de Kouklia-Paphos et un trait de la phonétique paphienne : l'étude de certains noms montre comment, en dialecte paphien, le xi peut se simplifier en sigma. (shrink)