41 found
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  1. Towards a Governance Framework for Brain Data.Marcello Ienca, Joseph J. Fins, Ralf J. Jox, Fabrice Jotterand, Silja Voeneky, Roberto Andorno, Tonio Ball, Claude Castelluccia, Ricardo Chavarriaga, Hervé Chneiweiss, Agata Ferretti, Orsolya Friedrich, Samia Hurst, Grischa Merkel, Fruzsina Molnár-Gábor, Jean-Marc Rickli, James Scheibner, Effy Vayena, Rafael Yuste & Philipp Kellmeyer - 2022 - Neuroethics 15 (2):1-14.
    The increasing availability of brain data within and outside the biomedical field, combined with the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to brain data analysis, poses a challenge for ethics and governance. We identify distinctive ethical implications of brain data acquisition and processing, and outline a multi-level governance framework. This framework is aimed at maximizing the benefits of facilitated brain data collection and further processing for science and medicine whilst minimizing risks and preventing harmful use. The framework consists of four primary (...)
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  2.  73
    Minding Rights: Mapping Ethical and Legal Foundations of ‘Neurorights’.Sjors Ligthart, Marcello Ienca, Gerben Meynen, Fruzsina Molnar-Gabor, Roberto Andorno, Christoph Bublitz, Paul Catley, Lisa Claydon, Thomas Douglas, Nita Farahany, Joseph J. Fins, Sara Goering, Pim Haselager, Fabrice Jotterand, Andrea Lavazza, Allan McCay, Abel Wajnerman Paz, Stephen Rainey, Jesper Ryberg & Philipp Kellmeyer - 2023 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 32 (4):461-481.
    The rise of neurotechnologies, especially in combination with artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods for brain data analytics, has given rise to concerns around the protection of mental privacy, mental integrity and cognitive liberty – often framed as “neurorights” in ethical, legal, and policy discussions. Several states are now looking at including neurorights into their constitutional legal frameworks, and international institutions and organizations, such as UNESCO and the Council of Europe, are taking an active interest in developing international policy and governance guidelines (...)
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  3.  29
    Ethical Design of Intelligent Assistive Technologies for Dementia: A Descriptive Review.Marcello Ienca, Tenzin Wangmo, Fabrice Jotterand, Reto W. Kressig & Bernice Elger - 2018 - Science and Engineering Ethics 24 (4):1035-1055.
    The use of Intelligent Assistive Technology in dementia care opens the prospects of reducing the global burden of dementia and enabling novel opportunities to improve the lives of dementia patients. However, with current adoption rates being reportedly low, the potential of IATs might remain under-expressed as long as the reasons for suboptimal adoption remain unaddressed. Among these, ethical and social considerations are critical. This article reviews the spectrum of IATs for dementia and investigates the prevalence of ethical considerations in the (...)
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  4.  52
    Doctor Ex Machina: A Critical Assessment of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care.Annika M. Svensson & Fabrice Jotterand - 2022 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 47 (1):155-178.
    This article examines the potential implications of the implementation of artificial intelligence in health care for both its delivery and the medical profession. To this end, the first section explores the basic features of AI and the yet theoretical concept of autonomous AI followed by an overview of current and developing AI applications. Against this background, the second section discusses the transforming roles of physicians and changes in the patient–physician relationship that could be a consequence of gradual expansion of AI (...)
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  5.  41
    “Virtue Engineering” and Moral Agency: Will Post-Humans Still Need the Virtues?Fabrice Jotterand - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 2 (4):3-9.
    It is not the purpose of this article to evaluate the techno-scientific claims of the transhumanists. Instead, I question seriously the nature of the ethics and morals they claim can, or soon will, be manipulated artificially. I argue that while the possibility to manipulate human behavior via emotional processes exists, the question still remains concerning the content of morality. In other words, neural moral enhancement does not capture the fullness of human moral psychology, which includes moral capacity and moral content. (...)
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  6. Can Neuroscience Contribute to Practical Ethics? A Critical Review and Discussion of the Methodological and Translational Challenges of the Neuroscience of Ethics.Eric Racine, Veljko Dubljević, Ralf J. Jox, Bernard Baertschi, Julia F. Christensen, Michele Farisco, Fabrice Jotterand, Guy Kahane & Sabine Müller - 2017 - Bioethics 31 (5):328-337.
    Neuroethics is an interdisciplinary field that arose in response to novel ethical challenges posed by advances in neuroscience. Historically, neuroethics has provided an opportunity to synergize different disciplines, notably proposing a two-way dialogue between an ‘ethics of neuroscience’ and a ‘neuroscience of ethics’. However, questions surface as to whether a ‘neuroscience of ethics’ is a useful and unified branch of research and whether it can actually inform or lead to theoretical insights and transferable practical knowledge to help resolve ethical questions. (...)
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  7.  42
    Cognitive Enhancement: Ethical and Policy Implications in International Perspectives.Fabrice Jotterand & Veljko Dubljević (eds.) - 2016 - New York, US: Oxford University Press USA.
    There is a growing literature in neuroethics dealing with the problem of cognitive neuroenhancement for healthy adults. However, discussions on this topic have tended to focus on abstract theoretical positions while concrete policy proposals and detailed models are scarce. Furthermore, discussions tend to rely solely on data from the US, while international perspectives are mostly neglected. Therefore, there is a need for a volume that deals with cognitive enhancement comprehensively in three important ways: a) with conceptual implications stemming from different (...)
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  8. Bioethics as biopolitics.Jeffrey P. Bishop & Fabrice Jotterand - 2006 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 31 (3):205 – 212.
  9. Human Dignity and Transhumanism: Do Anthro-Technological Devices Have Moral Status?Fabrice Jotterand - 2010 - American Journal of Bioethics 10 (7):45-52.
    In this paper, I focus on the concept of human dignity and critically assess whether such a concept, as used in the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights, is indeed a useful tool for bioethical debates. However, I consider this concept within the context of the development of emerging technologies, that is, with a particular focus on transhumanism. The question I address is not whether attaching artificial limbs or enhancing particular traits or capacities would dehumanize or undignify persons but (...)
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  10.  62
    Keeping the “Human in the Loop” in the Age of Artificial Intelligence.Fabrice Jotterand & Clara Bosco - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (5):2455-2460.
    The benefits of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medicine are unquestionable and it is unlikely that the pace of its development will slow down. From better diagnosis, prognosis, and prevention to more precise surgical procedures, AI has the potential to offer unique opportunities to enhance patient care and improve clinical practice overall. However, at this stage of AI technology development it is unclear whether it will de-humanize or re-humanize medicine. Will AI allow clinicians to spend less time on administrative tasks and (...)
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  11.  30
    Promoting Equity in Health Care through Human Flourishing, Justice, and Solidarity.Fabrice Jotterand, Ryan Spellecy, Mary Homan & Arthur R. Derse - 2023 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 48 (1):98-109.
    In this article, we develop a non-rights-based argument based on beneficence (i.e., the welfare of individuals and communities) and justice as the disposition to act justly to promote equity in health care resource allocation. To this end, we structured our analysis according to the following main sections. The first section examines the work of Amartya Sen and his equality of capabilities approach and outlines a framework of health care as a fundamental human need. In the subsequent section, we provide a (...)
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  12.  46
    Can medicalization be good? Situating medicalization within bioethics.John Z. Sadler, Fabrice Jotterand, Simon Craddock Lee & Stephen Inrig - 2009 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 30 (6):411-425.
    Medicalization has been a process articulated primarily by social scientists, historians, and cultural critics. Comparatively little is written about the role of bioethics in appraising medicalization as a social process. The authors consider what medicalization means, its definition, functions, and criteria for assessment. A series of brief case sketches illustrate how bioethics can contribute to the analysis and public policy discussion of medicalization.
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  13.  29
    Remote Technologies and Filial Obligations at a Distance: New Opportunities and Ethical Challenges.Yi Jiao Tian, Fabrice Jotterand & Tenzin Wangmo - 2023 - Asian Bioethics Review 15 (4):479-504.
    The coupled growth of population aging and international migration warrants attention on the methods and solutions available to adult children living overseas to provide distance caregiving for their aging parents. Despite living apart from their parents, the transnational informal care literature has indicated that first-generation immigrants remain committed to carry out their filial caregiving obligations in extensive and creative ways. With functions to remotely access health information enabled by emergency, wearable, motion, and video sensors, remote monitoring technologies (RMTs) may thus (...)
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  14.  43
    Moral Deficits, Moral Motivation and the Feasibility of Moral Bioenhancement.Fabrice Jotterand & Susan B. Levin - 2019 - Topoi 38 (1):63-71.
    The debate over moral bioenhancement has incrementally intensified since 2008, when Persson and Savulescu, and Douglas wrote two separate articles on the reasons why enhancing human moral capabilities and sensitivity through technological means was ethically desirable. In this article, we offer a critique of how Persson and Savulescu theorize about the possibility of moral bioenhancement, including the problem of weakness of will, which they see as a motivational challenge. First, we offer a working definition of moral bioenhancement and underscore some (...)
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  15.  41
    The Principle of Equivalence Reconsidered: Assessing the Relevance of the Principle of Equivalence in Prison Medicine.Fabrice Jotterand & Tenzin Wangmo - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics 14 (7):4-12.
    In this article we critically examine the principle of equivalence of care in prison medicine. First, we provide an overview of how the principle of equivalence is utilized in various national and international guidelines on health care provision to prisoners. Second, we outline some of the problems associated with its applications, and argue that the principle of equivalence should go beyond equivalence to access and include equivalence of outcomes. However, because of the particular context of the prison environment, third, we (...)
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  16.  64
    Questioning the Moral Enhancement Project.Fabrice Jotterand - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics 14 (4):1-3.
  17. The hippocratic oath and contemporary medicine: Dialectic between past ideals and present reality?Fabrice Jotterand - 2005 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 30 (1):107 – 128.
    The Hippocratic Oath, the Hippocratic tradition, and Hippocratic ethics are widely invoked in the popular medical culture as conveying a direction to medical practice and the medical profession. This study critically addresses these invocations of Hippocratic guideposts, noting that reliance on the Hippocratic ethos and the Oath requires establishingwhat the Oath meant to its author, its original community of reception, and generally for ancient medicine what relationships contemporary invocations of the Oath and the tradition have to the original meaning of (...)
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  18.  52
    Psychopathy, neurotechnologies, and neuroethics.Fabrice Jotterand - 2014 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 35 (1):1-6.
    In the last decade, a series of acts of violence has increased the interest in understanding what prompts individuals to engage in serial killing, bombing, and other violent acts. The shootings of Columbine, Newtown, and Aurora in the United States, and of Oslo in Norway, 9/11, and the recent bombing during the Boston Marathon have raised questions of how to thwart such tragedies as well as of how to detect and possibly “control” individuals posing a threat to public safety. In (...)
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  19.  39
    Patient education as empowerment and self-rebiasing.Fabrice Jotterand, Antonio Amodio & Bernice S. Elger - 2016 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 19 (4):553-561.
    The fiduciary nature of the patient-physician relationship requires clinicians to act in the best interest of their patients. Patients are vulnerable due to their health status and lack of medical knowledge, which makes them dependent on the clinicians’ expertise. Competent patients, however, may reject the recommendations of their physician, either refusing beneficial medical interventions or procedures based on their personal views that do not match the perceived medical indication. In some instances, the patients’ refusal may jeopardize their health or life (...)
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  20.  51
    Digital Technologies for Schizophrenia Management: A Descriptive Review.Olga Chivilgina, Bernice S. Elger & Fabrice Jotterand - 2021 - Science and Engineering Ethics 27 (2):1-22.
    While the implementation of digital technology in psychiatry appears promising, there is an urgent need to address the implications of the absence of ethical design in the early development of such technologies. Some authors have noted the gap between technology development and ethical analysis and have called for an upstream examination of the ethical issues raised by digital technologies. In this paper, we address this suggestion, particularly in relation to digital healthcare technologies for patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The introduction (...)
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  21.  60
    The precautionary principle: A dialectical reconsideration.H. Tristram Engelhardt & Fabrice Jotterand - 2004 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 29 (3):301 – 312.
    This essay examines an overlooked element of the precautionary principle: a prudent assessment of the long-range or remote catastrophes possibly associated with technological development must include the catastrophes that may take place because of the absence of such technologies. In short, this brief essay attempts to turn the precautionary principle on its head by arguing that, (1) if the long-term survival of any life form is precarious, and if the survival of the current human population is particularly precarious, especially given (...)
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  22.  23
    The Politicization of Science and Technology: Its Implications for Nanotechnology.Fabrice Jotterand - 2006 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 34 (4):658-666.
    The development of nanotechnology intensifies challenges to the traditional understanding of how to pursue scientific and technological knowledge. Science can no longer be construed simply as the ideal of the quest for truth . Science has become the source of economic power and political power. In this paper, I argue that nanotechnology is a cardinal exemplar of “this politicization.” At the same time, I assert that this new scientific ethos offers the possibility of a better integration of ethical and philosophical (...)
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  23. The Philosophy of Medicine Reborn: A Pellegrino Reader.H. Tristram Engelhardt & Fabrice Jotterand (eds.) - 2008 - University of Notre Dame Press.
    Edmund D. Pellegrino has played a central role in shaping the fields of bioethics and the philosophy of medicine. His writings encompass original explorations of the healing relationship, the need to place humanism in the medical curriculum, the nature of the patient’s good, and the importance of a virtue-based normative ethics for health care. In this anthology, H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., and Fabrice Jotterand have created a rich presentation of Pellegrino’s thought and its development. Pellegrino’s work has been dedicated to (...)
     
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  24.  37
    (1 other version)Neither convention nor constitution - what the debate on stem cell research tells us about the status of the common european ethics.Kurt W. Schmidt, Fabrice Jotterand & Carlo Foppa - 2004 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 29 (5):499 – 508.
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  25.  77
    Ethics and Informed Consent of Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) for Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD).Fabrice Jotterand, Shawn M. McClintock, Archie A. Alexander & Mustafa M. Husain - 2010 - Neuroethics 3 (1):13-22.
    Since the Nuremberg trials (1947–1949), informed consent has become central for ethical practice in patient care and biomedical research. Codes of ethics emanating from the Nuremberg Code (1947) recognize the importance of protecting patients and research subjects from abuses, manipulation and deception. Informed consent empowers individuals to autonomously and voluntarily accept or reject participation in either clinical treatment or research. In some cases, however, the underlying mental or physical condition of the individual may alter his or her cognitive abilities and (...)
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  26.  89
    Bioethics and the Philosophy of Medicine: A Thirty-Year Perspective.H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jeremy Garrett & Fabrice Jotterand - 2006 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 31 (6):565-568.
  27.  49
    Bioethics and the philosophy of medicine: A thirty-year perspective.J. R. Engelhardt, Jeremy R. Garrett & Fabrice Jotterand - 2006 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 31 (6):565 – 568.
  28.  29
    Development and Identity of Swiss Bioethics.Fabrice Jotterand - 2002 - In Kazumasa Hoshino, H. Tristram Engelhardt & Lisa M. Rasmussen (eds.), Bioethics and moral content: national traditions of health care morality: papers dedicated in tribute to Kazumasa Hoshino. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 3--121.
  29. Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Brain and Mental Health.Marcello Ienca & Fabrice Jotterand (eds.) - forthcoming
  30.  14
    Bioethics and the Coming Age of Thresholding.Fabrice Jotterand - 2002 - Christian Bioethics 8 (3):333-346.
    Fabrice Jotterand; Bioethics and the Coming Age of Thresholding, Christian bioethics: Non-Ecumenical Studies in Medical Morality, Volume 8, Issue 3, 1 January 2.
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  31.  36
    Does virtue ethics contribute to medical ethics? : an examination of Stanley Hauerwas' ethics of virtue and its relevance to medical ethics.Fabrice Jotterand - unknown
    The aim of this thesis is to examine the concept of virtue ethics in Stanley Hauerwas's understanding of virtue and delineate how that contributes to his ethical reasoning and his comprehension of medical ethics. The first chapter focuses on the shift that occurred in moral theory under the stance of the Enlightenment that eroded the traditional idea of morality as the formation of the self, allowing space for new concepts that dismissed the importance of the agent in the ethical task (...)
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  32.  32
    Losing Our (Moral) Self in the Moral Bioenhancement Debate.Fabrice Jotterand - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 12 (2-3):87-88.
  33.  19
    Moral Identity and the Natural Law Theory.Fabrice Jotterand - 2004 - In Mark J. Cherry (ed.), Natural Law and the Possibility of a Global Ethics. Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 11--57.
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  34.  22
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Human Dignity and Transhumanism: Do Anthro-Technological Devices Have Moral Status?”.Fabrice Jotterand - 2010 - American Journal of Bioethics 10 (7):W6-W8.
    In this paper, I focus on the concept of human dignity and critically assess whether such a concept, as used in the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights, is indeed a useful tool for bioethical debates. However, I consider this concept within the context of the development of emerging technologies, that is, with a particular focus on transhumanism. The question I address is not whether attaching artificial limbs or enhancing particular traits or capacities would dehumanize or undignify persons but (...)
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  35.  26
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “The Principle of Equivalence Reconsidered: Assessing the Relevance of the Principle of Equivalence in Prison Medicine”.Fabrice Jotterand & Tenzin Wangmo - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics 14 (11):W3 - W4.
  36. The Neurobiology of Social Disruption: International Perspectives of Psychiatry, Pathology and Society.Fabrice Jotterand & James Giordano (eds.) - forthcoming - Potomic Institute Press.
     
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  37.  18
    The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Human Enhancement.Fabrice Jotterand & Marcello Ienca (eds.) - 2023 - Routledge.
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  38. Beyond therapy and enhancement: The alteration of human nature. [REVIEW]Fabrice Jotterand - 2008 - NanoEthics 2 (1):15-23.
    With the rapid progress and considerable promise of nanobiotechnology/neurosciences there is the potential of transforming the very nature of human beings and of how humans can conceive of themselves as rational animals through technological innovations. The interface between humans and machines (neuro-digital interface), can potentially alter what it means to be human, i.e., the very idea of human nature and of normal functioning will be changed. In this paper, I argue that we are potentially on the verge of a paradigm (...)
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  39.  20
    From Nanoscience to Nanoethics. [REVIEW]Fabrice Jotterand - 2011 - International Journal of Applied Philosophy 25 (1):121-127.
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  40.  17
    Review of David M. Berube, Nano-Hype. The Truth Behind the Nanotechnology Buzz.1. [REVIEW]Fabrice Jotterand - 2007 - American Journal of Bioethics 7 (8):54-55.
  41.  41
    Review of John Griffiths, Heleen weyers and Maurice Adams, euthanasia and law in europe . Oxford: Hart publishing, 2008. [REVIEW]Fabrice Jotterand - 2009 - HEC Forum 21 (1):107-111.
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