Popüler kültürün oluşturulup güçlendirildiği, dini konuların konuşulduğu ve insanların açık bir şekilde tercihlerini paylaştıkları sosyal medya bugün gençleri doğrudan etkileyen bir araçtır. Dolayısıyla Z kuşağı ergenlik döneminde en fazla aile, değer, din ve kültürel eğitimden daha fazla sosyal medya araçlarındaki influencer etkisi altındadır. Bütün bu bilgiler ışığında; bu araştırmanın amacı, Z kuşağının sosyal medya araçları aracılığıyla oluşturduğu yoğun influencer etkileşiminin dini ve kültürel değerlere olan etkilerini araştırmaktır. Bu araştırmanın önemi, Z Kuşağı ile infleuncer etkileşiminin dini ve kültürel değerlere olan etkisine (...) ilişkin toplumsal anlayışı derinleştirme ve konuya ilişkin bir bakış açısı geliştirilmesinin sağlanmasıdır. Gençlerin gelecek nesiller olduğu temel yargısıyla bu konu geleceğin biçimlendirilmesi açısından önemli görülmektedir. Araştırmanın yöntemi derinlemesine görüşmedir. Sosyal medyayı aktif kullanan ve influencer takip eden 15 Z kuşağı mensubu ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmış ve veri toplanmıştır. Derinlemesine görüşmeler yarı-yapılandırılmış biçimde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 8 temel soru belirlenmiş ve bu sorulara verilen yanıtlara bağlı olarak ilişkili sorular sorularak yanıtların genişletilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu kişiler basit tesadüfi örneklem yöntemi kullanılarak seçilmiş olup hepsi lisans düzeyinde üniversite öğrencisidir. Cinsiyet ve sosyo-ekonomik durum bu araştırma kapsamında bir ayırt etme aracı değildir. Ancak 15 kişinin 9’u kadın ve 6 tanesi de erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Tüm öğrenciler farklı illerde ikamet etmesine karşın hepsi İstanbul’daki üniversitelerde öğrenimlerini sürdürmektedir. Çalışmada sosyo-ekonomik durum öncelenmemekle beraber bireyin bir akıllı cep telefonuna sahip olması ve sosyal medya araçlarını aktif kullanarak influencerlar ile etkileşim içerisinde olması gerekli görülmüştür. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre; bu yaş grubundaki görüşmeciler açık bir şekilde influencerların görüşlerinin kendileri için önemli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında cinsiyet ayırt edici bir unsur olmamasına karşın cinsiyet dayalı öne çıkan bir farklılık saptanmamıştır. Buradaki cinsiyete dayalı en temel farklılık takip edilen influencerların çeşitlenmesi ve değişmesidir. Cinsiyete dayalı sosyal beğeni ve zevklerin burada etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Görüşmeciler influencerların dini ve kültürel değerlere uzak paylaşımlarda bulunduklarını da ortaya koymuşlardır. Özellikle bu yaş grubunun Türk olmayan influencerları takip etmeleri de onların kendi kültürleri ve dinlerine yabancılaşarak yabancı din ve kültürlere hayranlık duymasına neden olmaktadır. Bütün görüşmelerin sonucunda, influencer takip eden ve sosyal medyayı aktif kullanan Z kuşağının dini ve kültürel değerlerden uzaklaşarak yaşamlarını daha din dışı ve popüler kültür öğeleri çerçevesinde yaklaştıklarını söylemek mümkündür. Genel olarak tüm sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, sosyal medya ve infleuncer etkisiyle gençlik döneminde bireyler dini öğeleri yaşamından uzaklaştırarak seküler bir yaşam tarzını örnek alarak benimseme yaklaşımı göstermektedir. (shrink)

Hājjī Bayrām Walī’s religious guidance activities that he took over from Somuncu Baba (Ḥamīd al-Dīn Aqsarāyī) were not limited with Ankara and nearby it. These activities continued by expanding with Bayrāmī tekke lodges and zāwiyas which were established by khalīfas trained by him. As a result of this expanding, Shaykh Luṭfullah, one of the khalīfas, led to establishment of waqf and works related to it such as mosque, madrasah and zāwiya in Balıkesir and nearby it. There has not been any (...) detailed study about life of Shaykh Luṭfullah and his services. In this article, the waqf established by Shaykh is analyzed in terms of its trustees, sources of income, in charges, repairs and inspection of zāwiya. Documents analyzed for this article present that Shaykh Luṭfullah contributed to taking shape of religious and cultural structure of Balıkesir and nearby it in the 15th century. His services were not only on spritual bases under the roof of the mosque but he also had an effect on the economic, social and educational life of the region. Thus, Shaykh Luṭfullah and his zāwiya set an important example of the active and dynamic aspect of Anatolian wisdom (irfān) involved in life.Summary: Hājjī Bayrām Walī’s religious guidance activities that he took over from Somuncu Baba (Ḥamīd al-Dīn Aqsarāyī) were not limited with Ankara and nearby it. These activities continued by expanding with Bayrāmī tekke lodges and zāwiyas which were established by khalīfas trained by him. Hājjī Bayrām Walīwas one of the leading sufis who contributed to the formation of sufistic educational tradition. He played a role as an important attraction center in the middle of Anatolia and provided guidance for significant individuals such as Aq Shams al-Dīn (d. 863/1459), Yazıcızāde Muḥammad Bīcān (d. 855/1451) and Eşrefoghlu Rūmī (d. 874/1469-70?). One of such individuals, who completed his spiritual journey under the guidance of Hājjī Bayrām Walīwas Shaykh Luṭfullah from Balıkesir. He became khalīfa at the end of his duty with Hājjī Bayrām Walī. Luṭfullah Efendi descended from Isfendiyarids ancestry. He had left his job, in which he held a high position, and attended to the sect and settled in Balıkesir city. There is limited information about him, but it is known that he went to Ankara in order to help to establish Turkish bath upon the request of some significant figures of the time and there he met his mentor Hājjī Bayrām Walī. As a result of their conversations, the two became close to each other.Shaykh Luṭfullahinvited Hājjī Bayrām Walīto Balıkesir where their relation continued and increased. Luṭfullah Efendi established a beautiful house for his Shaykh Hājjī Bayrām Walīwho stayed in Balıkesir for a while. When he left for Ankara, the Shaykh charged Luṭfullah Efendi with the duty of spreading Bayrāmiyyateachings in Balıkesir and its neighborhood by entitling him as ‘Khalīfa’. Besides the fact that the exact date of his death is not known, it is recorded that Luṭfullah Efendi died at the beginning of the period of Meḥmed II’s (1451-1481) reign. His tomb is located in ahazire(an Ottoman word used for burial area reserved for special people especially in mosques or sufi lodges) in the Mosque called with his name after his death. It is known that Shaykh Luṭfullah had a son named Bahā’ al-Dīn (d. 895/1489-90)and a grandson named Shaykh Muḥyīal-dīn Meḥmed (d. 952/1545-46). Shaykh Luṭfullah carried out significant services in the mosque and zāwiya, which he built with his own budget and he contributed to various important and permanent services that continued throughout centuries. However, as much as we could determine, there is no study about the waqfor service fields of his buildings. In this article, the goal is to analyze some of the tangible surviving heritages of Shaykh Luṭfullah. The analysis is based on the documents in the related archives. In this context, mosque/waqfestablished by Shaykh Luṭfullah Efendi is analyzed under the subtitles of “administrator, resources of income/real properties, his servicemen, renovations-expenses of the mosque and inspection of the zāwiya”. Based on the relevant archive documents, it is understood that after the death of Shaykh, in order to be able to continue the services of the mosque and zāwiya, the authority of ruling his waqfpassed to his son, MawlānāBahā’ al-Dīn. It is known that Bahā’ al-Dīnwas very careful about the distribution of his father’s waqfincomes among the ones in need. He also established a sūfī-hāne building in Balıkesir. After Bahā’ al-Dīn, his son Muḥyīal-dīn Meḥmed (the grandson of Shaykh Luṭfullah) took the charge of the waqf. After his period, this duty continued to be spread among his ancestry until the beginning of the last century. The waqfcontinued to the services through the income obtained from the real estates. Based on the analyzed documents, it is determined that income-expense calculations of the waqfwas inspected from time to time, and the services of zāwiya was controlled occasionally in order to see if they continue to do so. Shaykh Luṭfullah Mosque, one of the most important historical artifacts in Balıkesir, has served Muslims for almost five hundred years and it went through various kinds of repairs. It is deemed suitable to analyze reparations, expansions and renovations in two different groups: Before Balıkesir earthquake in 29 January 1898 and after the earthquake. It is important to know that almost fifty percent of houses and buildings in Balıkesir city center was completely destroyed, many people died or seriously injured in the earthquake. Shaykh LuṭfullahMosque was completely demolished as well. It should be mentioned that the mosque had already been in bad condition before the earthquake. According to a document written one week before the earthquake, the mosque was very old and it could not meet the demands of the community any more as it was so small. After the devastating earthquake, ‘Abd al-Ḥamīd II ordered its renovation. Upon this order, the mosque was rebuilt and expanded. The name of ‘Umar ‘ᾹlīBey, Mutasarrıf(governor of an Ottoman province) of Qarasīis mentioned in the documents about the renovation of various buildings including Shaykh Luṭfullah Mosque after the 1898 Balıkesir earthquake. It is seen that various services in different positions were provided in Shaykh Luṭfullah Mosque where the mosque workers were the ones who mainly carried out these services. These duties were: “Imamate, oratory, muezzin-tutor, ministry and nāsih, children’s teacher, ferrāş, tabbākh and supervision”. These duties show that besides religious services, Shaykh Luṭfullah waqfused to provide educational services as well. On the other hand, based on the analyzed documents, we can assume that the needy could eat in this center, which used to serve like a social aid and solidarity waqf. In this article, specific detailed information is presented about some workers served in the waqf. Information about the name, date and salary of these workers is also included. When the waqfand services of Shaykh Luṭfullah are analyzed, it can be seen that he was a significant figure, carried out important missions just like his mentor Hājjī Bayrām Walī. It should be noted that Luṭfullah Efendi used to conduct sufistic conservations in the mosque he established but did not make religious ceremonies in his zāwiya in Mihaliç (Karacabey); he preferred to transform it into a center in which the needy can be fed and provided for their needs. In this respect, the Zāwiya of ShaykhLuṭfullah sets a significant example, which duly presents the active and dynamic aspect of Anatolian wisdom. (shrink)

Alain Badiou presents a radical alternative to contemporary philosophy with the Philosophy of Event and the understanding of truth connected with it. The basic assertion of the philosophy of event is to establish a new theory of truth and subject, different from the understanding of truth and subject of classical philosophy and postmodernism. Attempting to build a new style of philosophy, Badiou reformulated the concepts of being, truth, state, event, subject and loyalty according to his own system. The basic argument (...) of Badiou's philosophy lies in the wide range of changes that he called event. The event happens with breaking the status quo over "the state" and breaking away from it; Badiou argues that truth can only be derived as a result of events occurring within the four areas that he named as genetic processes. The only four areas Philosophy can think about truth are science, art, politics and love. Philosophy is a plane that “captures” the truths produced in these four areas and thinks about the simultaneous coincidence of these truths. This study aims to analyze the basic concepts of Badiou's truth-oriented philosophy by comparing it with the postmodern orientations he opposed and to evaluate the radical alternative he introduced to the contemporary philosophy from a critical perspective. (shrink)

This study aims to understand the relationship between religion and identity in adolescents and to determine the level of religious identity of adolescents; to reveal the predictive effects of the independent variables of gender, class level, type of school, mother’s educational status, father's educational status, socio-economic level, level of family religiosity and worship rate (praying) status on adolescents' religious identity levels; how adolescents define themselves as identities and determine the distribution of the findings about the identity definitions of adolescents according (...) to their religious identity levels. The research is in the relational survey model and the study group consists of 1000 high school students studying in the high schools of Konya Provincial Directorate of National Education. In this study, a “Religion-Identity Relationship Scale” was used to determine the religious identity levels. In order to determine the relationship between dependent variables and independent variables, non-parametric tests were used and cross-table, descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis-H analysis method was used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the research, it was determined that the religious identity levels of adolescents differed significantly according to gender, class level (age), school type, mother education status, father education status, socio-economic level, level of family religiosity and worship rate (praying); 51.9% of the adolescents have their own identity “Religious Identity”; 25.6% of “T.C. Citizens”; It was found that 9.5% of the participants defined the “Ethnic Identity”. It was found that adolescents' identity definitions differ significantly depending on their religious identity levels. Adolescents with a high level of religious identity score identified their own identity as religious identity with 49.2%. (shrink)

The emergence of new technologies such as the Internet of things and the Cloud transforms the way we interact. Whether it be human to human interaction or human to machine interaction, the size of the networks keeps growing. As the networks get more complex nowadays with many interconnected components, it is necessary to develop distributed scalable algorithms so as to minimize the computation required in decision making in such large-scale systems. In this paper, we consider a setup where each agent (...) in the network updates its opinion by relying on its neighbors’ opinions. The information exchange between the agents is assumed to be mutual. The cluster consensus problem is investigated for networks represented by static or time-varying graphs. Joint and integral connectivity conditions are utilized to determine the number of clusters that are formed, as the interactions among the agents evolve over time. Finally, some numerical examples are given to illustrate the theoretical results. (shrink)