17 found
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  1.  76
    Using conceptual spaces to exhibit conceptual continuity through scientific theory change.George Masterton, Frank Zenker & Peter Gärdenfors - 2016 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 7 (1):127-150.
    There is a great deal of justified concern about continuity through scientific theory change. Our thesis is that, particularly in physics, such continuity can be appropriately captured at the level of conceptual frameworks using conceptual space models. Indeed, we contend that the conceptual spaces of three of our most important physical theories—Classical Mechanics, Special Relativity Theory, and Quantum Mechanics —have already been so modelled as phase-spaces. Working with their phase-space formulations, one can trace the conceptual changes and continuities in transitioning (...)
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  2.  44
    Linking as Voting : How the Condorcet Jury Theorem in Political Science is Relevant to Webometrics.George Masterton, Erik J. Olsson & Staffan Angere - unknown
  3.  46
    Invariant Equivocation.Jürgen Landes & George Masterton - 2017 - Erkenntnis 82 (1):141-167.
    Objective Bayesians hold that degrees of belief ought to be chosen in the set of probability functions calibrated with one’s evidence. The particular choice of degrees of belief is via some objective, i.e., not agent-dependent, inference process that, in general, selects the most equivocal probabilities from among those compatible with one’s evidence. Maximising entropy is what drives these inference processes in recent works by Williamson and Masterton though they disagree as to what should have its entropy maximised. With regard to (...)
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  4.  45
    From Impact to Importance: The Current State of the Wisdom-of-Crowds Justification of Link-Based Ranking Algorithms.George Masterton & Erik J. Olsson - 2017 - Philosophy and Technology 31 (4):593-609.
    In a legendary technical report, the Google founders sketched a wisdom-of-crowds justification for PageRank arguing that the algorithm, by aggregating incoming links to webpages in a sophisticated way, tracks importance on the web. On this reading of the report, webpages that have a high impact as measured by PageRank are supposed to be important webpages in a sense of importance that is not reducible to mere impact or popularity. In this paper, we look at the state of the art regarding (...)
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  5.  45
    Argumentation and belief updating in social networks: a Bayesian approach.George Masterton & Erik J. Olsson - unknown
  6.  58
    Topological variability of collectives and its import for social epistemology.George Masterton - 2014 - Synthese 191 (11):2433-2443.
    Social epistemology studies knowledge and justified belief acquisition through organized group cooperation. To do this, the way such group cooperation is structured has to be modeled. The obvious way of modeling a group structure is with a directed graph; unfortunately, most types of social cooperation directed at epistemological aims are variably implementable, including in their structural expression. Furthermore, the frequency with which a practice is implemented in a certain way can vary with topology. This entails that the topology of social (...)
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  7.  33
    PageRank's Ability to Track Webpage Quality: Reconciling Google’s Wisdom-of-Crowds Justification with the Scale-free Structure of the Web.George Masterton & Erik J. Olsson - 2018 - Hellyon 4 (11).
    We address the fundamental question why we should use PageRank and similar link-based algorithms in search engines, if at all. In a legendary article from 1998, the Google founders gave an intriguing wisdom-of-crowds justification for PageRank according to which the latter tracks quality online. This striking suggestion stands in contrast to the view that PageRank merely tracks what is popular. However, Masterton and Olsson showed that web-ecologies generated by Google-like assumptions essentially fail to reflect the scale-free structure of the web. (...)
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  8. Equivocation for the Objective Bayesian.George Masterton - 2015 - Erkenntnis 80 (2):403-432.
    According to Williamson , the difference between empirical subjective Bayesians and objective Bayesians is that, while both hold reasonable credence to be calibrated to evidence, the objectivist also takes such credence to be as equivocal as such calibration allows. However, Williamson’s prescription for equivocation generates constraints on reasonable credence that are objectionable. Herein Williamson’s calibration norm is explicated in a novel way that permits an alternative equivocation norm. On this alternative account, evidence calibrated probability functions are recognised as implications of (...)
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  9. (1 other version)Physical Necessity is Not Necessity Tout Court.George Masterton - 2012 - Metaphysica 13 (2):175-182.
    The very last of words of Naming and Necessity are ‘The third lecture suggests that a good deal of what contemporary philosophy regards as mere physical necessity is actually necessary tout court. The question how far this can be pushed is one I leave for further work.’ Kripke (1980). To my knowledge he never conducted that further work; moreover, no one following him has wished to take up the baton either. Herein, I argue that in general, physical necessity is neither (...)
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  10.  31
    Bulletin of the Asia Institute, n.s., Vol. 1 : Inaugural Issue.Amélie Kuhrt, Carol Altman Bromberg, Richard N. Frye, Bernard Goldman, George Masterton & Amelie Kuhrt - 1990 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 110 (4):751.
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  11. Från Skaradjäkne till Uppsalaprofessor: festskrift till Lars-Göran Johansson i samband med hans pensionering.George Masterton, Keizo Matsubara & Kim Solin - 2017
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  12.  7
    Deficiencies in Laputa.George Masterton - unknown
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  13.  18
    J. Williamson, In Defence of Objective Bayesianism. Oxford, IN: Oxford University Press Inc., New York, 2010. iv + 183 pp. ISBN 978-0-19-922800-3.George Masterton - forthcoming - Cogency - Journal of Reasoning and Argumentation.
    Book review of Jon Williamson's `In Defence of objective Bayesianism'.
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  14.  9
    Mistaken entry.George Masterton - unknown
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  15.  38
    The Only Probability Is Verbal Probability.George Masterton - 2014 - Metaphysica 15 (1).
    In 1977 van Fraassen showed convincingly, and in detail, how one can give a dissentive answer to the question `[a]re there necessities in nature?'. In this paper I follow his lead and show in a similar fashion and detail, how it is possible to give a dissentive answer to: Are there probabilities in nature? This is achieved by giving a partial analysis—with the aid of Kaplanian pragmatics—of objective chance in terms of that credence that is reasonable where prevailing laws and (...)
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  16.  18
    (1 other version)Understanding Admissibility.George Masterton - 2013 - Kairos. Revista de Filosofia and Ciência 6:71-90.
    Lewis' concept of admissibility was introduced as an integral part of his famous Principal Principle; the principle that initial rational/reasonable belief should conform to objective chance unless there is evidence to the contrary. At that time Lewis offered only the rough and ready characterisation that evidence not to the contrary of such dependence is admissible. This, together with some sufficiency conditions, served well enough until it became clear that admissibility was central to debates on the viability of Humean Supervenience and (...)
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  17.  60
    What to do with a forecast?George Masterton - 2014 - Synthese 191 (8):1881-1907.
    In the literature one finds two non-equivalent responses to forecasts; deference and updating. Herein it is demonstrated that, under certain conditions, both responses are entirely determined by one’s beliefs as regards the calibration of the forecaster. Further it is argued that the choice as to whether to defer to, or update on, a forecast is determined by the aim of the recipient of that forecast. If the aim of the recipient is to match their credence with the prevailing objective chances, (...)
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