In especially the Sneed-Stegmüller structuralist theory a so-called problem of theoretical terms emerges. But this problem bases on a questionable presupposition . And the structuralist solution of this problem, the so-called Ramsey-Sneed-solution, is also problematic , , ). Beyond this the structuralist assertion is problematic, that the problem of theoretical terms and his Ramsey-Sneed-solution is empirically relevant . On the basis of the discussed systematic and empirical defects of the problem of theoretical terms and its solution, the so-called non-statement view₂, (...) i. e. this solution, will be refused. (shrink)

What are the consequences of globalization for the structure of political conflicts in Western Europe? How are political conflicts organized and articulated in the twenty-first century? And how does the transformation of territorial boundaries affect the scope and content of political conflicts? This book sets out to answer these questions by analyzing the results of a study of national and European electoral campaigns, protest events and public debates in six West European countries. While the mobilization of the losers in the (...) processes of globalization by new right populist parties is seen to be the driving force of the restructuring of West European politics, the book goes beyond party politics. It attempts to show how the cleavage coalitions that are shaping up under the impact of globalization extend to state actors, interest groups and social movement organizations, and how the new conflicts are framed by the various actors involved. (shrink)

Mutations in specific genes result in birth defects, cancer, inherited diseases or lethality. The frequency with which DNA damage is converted to mutations increases dramatically when the cellular genome is replicated. Although DNA damage poses special problems to the fidelity of DNA replication, efficient mechanisms exist in mammalian cells which function to replicate their genome despite the presence of many damaged sites. These mechanisms operate in either error‐prone or error‐free modes of DNA synthesis, and frequently involve DNA strand‐pairing reactions. Genetic (...) studies in yeast and other eukaryotes suggest that replication through DNA damage is highly regulated and catalysed by complex biochemical machineries composed of many specialised gene products. Knowledge of the molecular details by which such factors facilitate the replication of damaged DNA in mammalian cells should reveal basic rules about how DNA damage induces mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. (shrink)

Die sogenannte ‚Hochzeitszahl’ aus Platons Staat gilt wohl zu Recht als eines der bedeutendsten, noch immer ungelösten Rätsel der Antike. In einem kunstvoll verschlüsselten Text deutet Platons Sokrates an, auf welche Weise der Idealstaat als gerechteste und glücklichste Form einer menschlichen Gemeinschaft seine politische Kontinuität erhalten kann: Es genügt nicht nur, dass die amtierende Führungsschicht von bestqualifizierten, für sich selbst aber besitzlosen Philosophinnen und Philosophen ihre potenziellen Nachfolger aufs Beste ausbildet, nein, gemäß pythagoreischer Lehre muss bereits bei deren Zeugung darauf (...) geachtet werden, dass die Paarung ihrer idealen Eltern zu einem Zeitpunkt erfolgt, der auch vom kosmischen Lebensrhythmus des Universums her geeignet ist, der künftigen Elite das optimale Rüstzeug für ihre göttliche Aufgabe schon vorgeburtlich mitzugeben. Diese Geheimformel stellt ein faszinierendes Beispiel für das ganzheitliche Denken der alten Pythagoreer dar, in welchem heilige Mathematik, naturwissenschaftliche Himmelsmechanik und die schöpferische Liebesfunktion eines lebendigen, von naturgesetzlicher Harmonie und Weisheit erfüllten Universums noch eine untrennbare Einheit bilden. The so-called “wedding number” in Plato’s Republic is rightly considered one of the most important unsolved riddles of antiquity. This secret formula is a fascinating example of the holistic thought of the ancient Pythagoreans, in which divine mathematics, scientific celestial astronomy, and the creative function of love in a living universe full of naturally ordained harmony and wisdom still form an indivisible whole. (shrink)

Introduction -- Otherness in contemporary European cinema -- Potential and limits of a new European in Nicolas Echevarría's Cabeza de vaca -- Migrants in Europe: breaking the boundaries? -- Inspiration from abroad? cultural boundaries in Chicano cinema -- Conclusion.

Study on Budhist Pramāṇa-vāda (doctrine of proof: an epistemological study of the nature of knowledge) and Hetu-vidya (science of causes: a system of logic).

"Der vorliegende Band vereinigt die Beitrèage des Symposiums zur Logik der Stoiker und ihrer Vorlèaufer, das vom 1.-7.9.1991 in Bamberg stattfand"--P. [7].

Interfirm collaboration and trust are topics currently exciting research interest. The literature treats trust as a unitary concept, providing little understanding of those processes that create trust, or are employed by parties relying on trust. I suggest that two distinct forms of trust can be observed in economic exchanges: fragile trust and resilient trust. I define these kinds of trust, speculate on processes by which economic actors learn about them, and explore contexts in which they are likely to be relied (...) upon by economic actors. I conclude with a discussion of implications for practice and scholarship. (shrink)

ABSTRACT Sexting has become a prominent part of adolescent culture. Under current laws, adolescents caught sexting are being arrested, facing child pornography charges, and having to register as sex offenders. State laws on child pornography and child abuse differ throughout the United States and conflict with federal laws, making the ethical obligations for psychologists unclear. The purpose of this article is to promote awareness about legal obligations regarding adolescent sexting, address the ethical dilemma that psychologists face when adolescent sexting is (...) disclosed during psychological treatment, and to provide implications and recommendations for psychologists. (shrink)

This paper provides evidence for the following novel insights: (1) People’s economic decisions depend on their psychological motives, which are shaped predictably by the social context. (2) In particular, the social context influences people’s other-regarding preferences, their beliefs and their perceptions. (3) The influence of the social context on psychological motives can be measured experimentally by priming two antagonistic motives—care and anger—in one player towards another by means of an observance or a violation of a fairness norm. Using a mediation (...) approach, we find that the care motive leads to higher levels of cooperation which are driven by more optimistic beliefs, a different perception of the game as well as by a shift towards more pro-social preferences. (shrink)

This paper explores how the virtuous aesthetic cosmopolitan—one actively engaged in cultivating an authoritative appreciation for culturally unfamiliar works or traditions of art, in a manner informed by moral cosmopolitan principles—engages with the ‘exotic’ artwork in a manner that is both morally responsible and aesthetically discerning. After providing an overview of philosophical cosmopolitanism and the aesthetic cosmopolitan’s project, I consider in depth a particular example: the music of Mauritanian singer Noura Mint Seymali as encountered by an unaccustomed listener. I explore (...) potential problematic responses to the work, including both chauvinistic and exoticizing responses. I then consider possible strategies for alternative responses, informed by the aesthetic and hermeneutic theories of Hume, Gadamer, and Charles Taylor. Having revealed deficiencies with these alternatives, I go on to argue that the cosmopolitan’s best strategy is a mode of appreciation that is ‘conversational’ in nature, an open-ended approach modeled on an exchange between the appreciator and an other-cultural interlocutor. In proposing such a model, I draw on the work of Kwame Appiah and Maria Lugones, as well as Anthony Laden’s recent work on conversational norms. (shrink)

Study on Pratītyasamutpāda, theory of relativity and causality in Buddhism with reference to canonical literature.