57 found
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  1.  68
    The Emergence of Clinical Research Ethics Consultation: Insights From a National Collaborative.Kathryn M. Porter, Marion Danis, Holly A. Taylor, Mildred K. Cho & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (1):39-45.
    The increasing complexity of human subjects research and its oversight has prompted researchers, as well as institutional review boards, to have a forum in which to discuss challenging or novel ethical issues not fully addressed by regulations. Research ethics consultation services provide such a forum. In this article, we rely on the experiences of a national Research Ethics Consultation Collaborative that collected more than 350 research ethics consultations in a repository and published 18 challenging cases with accompanying ethical commentaries to (...)
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  2.  29
    A Cross Sectional Survey of Recruitment Practices, Supports, and Perceived Roles for Unaffiliated and Non-scientist Members of IRBs.Stuart G. Nicholls, Holly A. Taylor, Richard James, Emily E. Anderson, Phoebe Friesen, Toby Schonfeld & Elyse I. Summers - 2023 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 14 (3):174-184.
    Background Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) are federally mandated to include both nonscientific and unaffiliated representatives in their membership. Despite this, there is no guidance or policy on the selection of unaffiliated or non-scientist members and reports indicate a lack of clarity regarding members’ roles. In the present study we sought to explore processes of recruitment, training, and the perceived roles for unaffiliated and non-scientist members of IRBs.Methods We distributed a self-administered REDCap survey of members of the Association for the Accreditation (...)
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  3.  67
    Body-specific representations of spatial location.Tad T. Brunyé, Aaron Gardony, Caroline R. Mahoney & Holly A. Taylor - 2012 - Cognition 123 (2):229-239.
  4.  90
    Simulating an enactment effect: Pronouns guide action simulation during narrative comprehension.Tali Ditman, Tad T. Brunyé, Caroline R. Mahoney & Holly A. Taylor - 2010 - Cognition 115 (1):172-178.
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  5.  27
    Leveraging the Power of the Centralized IRB Review.Holly A. Taylor - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (6):118-119.
    First, the authors should be congratulated for bringing our attention to this important issue. They have made important observations about what may be holding us back in efforts to make progress in...
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  6.  51
    The effect of a brief mindfulness induction on processing of emotional images: an ERP study.Marianna D. Eddy, Tad T. Brunyé, Sarah Tower-Richardi, Caroline R. Mahoney & Holly A. Taylor - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
  7.  28
    How Do Accredited Organizations Evaluate the Quality and Effectiveness of Their Human Research Protection Programs?Holly Fernandez Lynch & Holly A. Taylor - 2023 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 14 (1):23-37.
    Background Meaningfully evaluating the quality of institutional review boards (IRBs) and human research protection programs (HRPPs) is a long-recognized challenge. To be accredited by the Association for the Accreditation of Human Research Protection Programs (AAHRPP), organizations must demonstrate that they measure and improve HRPP “quality, effectiveness, and efficiency” (QEE). We sought to learn how AAHRPP-accredited organizations interpret and satisfy this standard, in order to assess strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in current approaches and to inform recommendations for improvement.Methods We conducted 3 (...)
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  8.  73
    Happiness by association: Breadth of free association influences affective states.Tad T. Brunyé, Stephanie A. Gagnon, Martin Paczynski, Amitai Shenhav, Caroline R. Mahoney & Holly A. Taylor - 2013 - Cognition 127 (1):93-98.
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  9.  72
    Development of a research ethics knowledge and analytical skills assessment tool.Holly A. Taylor, Nancy E. Kass, Joseph Ali, Stephen Sisson, Amanda Bertram & Anant Bhan - 2012 - Journal of Medical Ethics 38 (4):236-242.
    Introduction The goal of this project was to develop and validate a new tool to evaluate learners' knowledge and skills related to research ethics. Methods A core set of 50 questions from existing computer-based online teaching modules were identified, refined and supplemented to create a set of 74 multiple-choice, true/false and short answer questions. The questions were pilot-tested and item discrimination was calculated for each question. Poorly performing items were eliminated or refined. Two comparable assessment tools were created. These assessment (...)
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  10.  42
    An intervention to improve cancer patients' understanding of early-phase clinical trials.Nancy E. Kass, Jeremy Sugarman, Amy M. Medley, Linda A. Fogarty, Holly A. Taylor, Christopher K. Daugherty, Mark R. Emerson, Steven N. Goodman, Fay J. Hlubocky & Herbert I. Hurwitz - 2009 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 31 (3):1.
    Participants in clinical research sometimes view participation as therapy or exaggerate potential benefits, especially in phase I or phase II trials. We conducted this study to discover what methods might improve cancer patients’ understanding of early-phase clinical trials. We randomly assigned 130 cancer patients from three U.S. medical centers who were considering enrollment in a phase I or phase II cancer trial to receive either a multimedia intervention or a National Cancer Institute pamphlet explaining the trial and its purpose. Intervention (...)
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  11.  20
    Ethical Implications of Social Media in Health Care Research.Holly A. Taylor, Ellen Kuwana & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics 14 (10):58-59.
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  12.  13
    Ethics of Population-Based Research.Holly A. Taylor & Summer Johnson - 2007 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 35 (2):295-299.
    Multiple scholars and institutions have asked what distinguishes public health research from public health practice. Most often, they ask in order to have a clear definition of what one does in various public health settings to assess oversight and/or regulation of human subjects research. More importantly, however, whether something is considered public health research or public health practice has real ethical implications in terms of the general moral considerations at stake and the obligations of public health researchers/practitioners to the populations (...)
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  13.  27
    Should Patients Be Required to Undergo Standard Chemotherapy Before Being Eligible for Novel Phase I Immunotherapy Clinical Trials?Benjamin S. Wilfond, Christian Morales & Holly A. Taylor - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (4):66-67.
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  14.  39
    Analyzing Reflective Narratives to Assess the Ethical Reasoning of Pediatric Residents.Margaret Moon, Holly A. Taylor, Erin L. McDonald, Mark T. Hughes, Mary Catherine Beach & Joseph A. Carrese - 2013 - Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics 3 (2):165-174.
    A limiting factor in ethics education in medical training has been difficulty in assessing competence in ethics. This study was conducted to test the concept that content analysis of pediatric residents’ personal reflections about ethics experiences can identify changes in ethical sensitivity and reasoning over time. Analysis of written narratives focused on two of our ethics curriculum’s goals: 1) To raise sensitivity to ethical issues in everyday clinical practice and 2) to enhance critical reflection on personal and professional values as (...)
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  15.  27
    Metacognitive judgment formation during map learning: Evidence for global monitoring.Lauren A. Mason, Ayanna K. Thomas & Holly A. Taylor - 2024 - Cognition 246 (C):105743.
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  16.  58
    Stepping Into a Map: Initial Heading Direction Influences Spatial Memory Flexibility.Stephanie A. Gagnon, Tad T. Brunyé, Aaron Gardony, Matthijs L. Noordzij, Caroline R. Mahoney & Holly A. Taylor - 2014 - Cognitive Science 38 (2):275-302.
    Learning a novel environment involves integrating first-person perceptual and motoric experiences with developing knowledge about the overall structure of the surroundings. The present experiments provide insights into the parallel development of these egocentric and allocentric memories by intentionally conflicting body- and world-centered frames of reference during learning, and measuring outcomes via online and offline measures. Results of two experiments demonstrate faster learning and increased memory flexibility following route perspective reading (Experiment 1) and virtual navigation (Experiment 2) when participants begin exploring (...)
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  17.  22
    Harms of excluding Pregnant Women from Clinical Research: The Case of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women.Nancy E. Kass, Holly A. Taylor & Patricia A. King - 1996 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 24 (1):36-46.
    Since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, the proportion of AIDS cases among women has continued to rise. Women constituted 23 percent of the AIDS cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1995, and 81 percent of these women were of childbearing age. It was not until 1991, however, that epidemiological studies of women were initiated. By comparison, the representation of HIV-infected women in clinical trials gradually has grown. Undoubtedly, a consequence of the increased numbers of (...)
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  18.  26
    Prenatal Care for Undocumented Immigrants: Professional Norms, Ethical Tensions, and Practical Workarounds.Rachel E. Fabi & Holly A. Taylor - 2019 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 47 (3):398-408.
    This paper examines the practice implications of various state policies that provide publicly funded prenatal care to undocumented immigrants for health care workers who see undocumented patients. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with purposively sampled health care workers at safety net clinics in California, Maryland, Nebraska, and New York. Health care workers were asked about the process through which undocumented patients receive prenatal care in their health center and the ethical tensions and frustrations they encounter when providing or facilitating (...)
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  19.  33
    Representational flexibility and specificity following spatial descriptions of real-world environments.Tad T. Brunyé, David N. Rapp & Holly A. Taylor - 2008 - Cognition 108 (2):418-443.
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  20.  82
    The Fabric of Thought: Priming Tactile Properties During Reading Influences Direct Tactile Perception.Tad T. Brunyé, Eliza K. Walters, Tali Ditman, Stephanie A. Gagnon, Caroline R. Mahoney & Holly A. Taylor - 2012 - Cognitive Science 36 (8):1449-1467.
    The present studies examined whether implied tactile properties during language comprehension influence subsequent direct tactile perception, and the specificity of any such effects. Participants read sentences that implicitly conveyed information regarding tactile properties (e.g., Grace tried on a pair of thick corduroy pants while shopping) that were either related or unrelated to fabrics and varied in implied texture (smooth, medium, rough). After reading each sentence, participants then performed an unrelated rating task during which they felt and rated the texture of (...)
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  21.  37
    Defining the Scope and Improving the Quality of Clinical Research Ethics Consultation: Response to Open Peer Commentaries About the National Collaborative.Kathryn M. Porter, Marion Danis, Holly A. Taylor, Mildred K. Cho & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (2):13-15.
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  22.  24
    Is It Ethically Appropriate to Refuse to Compensate Participants Who Are Believed to Have Intentionally Concealed Medical Conditions?Holly A. Taylor & Christian Morales - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (4):83-84.
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  23.  27
    A Measure of Effectiveness Is Key to the Success of sIRB Policy.Holly A. Taylor & Ann Margret Ervin - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (7):41-43.
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  24.  41
    A Trial to Test a Novel Approach to Diabetes Prevention.Holly A. Taylor, Christian Morales & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (10):74-75.
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  25.  40
    Genotype-Driven Recruitment in Population-Based Biomedical Research.Holly A. Taylor, Christian Morales & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (4):58-59.
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  26.  30
    Expanded Access for Nusinersen in Patients With Spinal Muscular Atropy: Negotiating Limited Data, Limited Alternative Treatments, and Limited Hospital Resources.Benjamin S. Wilfond, Christian Morales & Holly A. Taylor - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (10):66-67.
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  27.  36
    When a Clinical Trial Is the Only Option.Holly A. Taylor, Christian Morales & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2016 - American Journal of Bioethics 16 (10):67-68.
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  28.  35
    Studying the Role of Financial Incentives to Promote Hepatitis B Vaccination in a Community Clinic.Benjamin S. Wilfond, Christian Morales & Holly A. Taylor - 2016 - American Journal of Bioethics 16 (10):75-76.
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  29.  23
    Instead of revising half the story, why not rewrite the whole thing?Holly A. Taylor - 2007 - American Journal of Bioethics 7 (3):19 – 21.
  30.  35
    Is It Ethical to Enroll Cognitively Impaired Adults in Research That Is More Than Minimal Risk With No Prospect of Benefit?Holly A. Taylor, Ellen Kuwana & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (10):64-65.
  31.  31
    Protecting Research Subject Welfare in Preventive Trials for Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease.Holly A. Taylor, Ellen Kuwana & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (4):83-84.
  32.  27
    Recontact and Recruitment of Young Adults Previously Enrolled in Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Research.Holly A. Taylor, Ellen Kuwana & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (10):56-57.
  33.  25
    Ethics of Continuing to Provide a Drug on an Open-Label Extension Study for an “Unapproved Indication”.Holly A. Taylor, Ellen Kuwana & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics 14 (4):56-56.
  34.  19
    Action Guide for Addressing Ethical Challenges of Resource Allocation Within Community-Based Healthcare Organizations.Maria W. Merritt, Holly A. Taylor & Krista L. Harrison - 2018 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 29 (2):124-138.
    This article proposes an action guide to making decisions regarding the ethical allocation of resources that affect access to healthcare services offered by community-based healthcare organizations. Using the filter of empirical data from a study of decision making in two community-based healthcare organizations, we identify potentially relevant conceptual guidance from a review of frameworks and action guides in the public health, health policy, and organizational ethics literature. We describe the development of this action guide. We used data from a prior (...)
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  35.  26
    Managing Disclosure of Research Misconduct by a Graduate Student to a University Mental Health Professional During a Clinical Counseling Session.Holly A. Taylor & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (10):68 - 68.
    This case looks at the question of how to consider obligations of confidentiality by a mental health professional who works for an institution and learns that a student has been using a drug intended for an animal research project. Dr. Paul Appelbaum, MD, a psychiatrist at Columbia University, examines the issue of the limits of confidentiality. Nicholas Steneck, PhD, a scholar in research misconduct at the University of Michigan, explores the obligations to report research misconduct. Walter Limehouse, MD, an ethicist (...)
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  36.  31
    The Ethics of Contacting Family Members of a Subject in a Genetic Research Study to Return Results for an Autosomal Dominant Syndrome.Holly A. Taylor & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (10):61 - 61.
    This case explores the ethical landscape around recontacting a subject's relatives to return genetic research results when the informed consent form signed by the original cohort of subjects is silent on whether investigators may share new information with the research subject's family. As a result of rapid advances in genetic technology, methods to identify genetic markers can mature during the life course of a study. In this case, the investigators identified the genetic mutation responsible for the disorder after a number (...)
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  37.  23
    More than Semantics: Abortion Access and Equity.Claire M. Moore & Holly A. Taylor - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (8):68-69.
    Watson begins with two questions: “Should the need for abortion care be considered a health disparity? and, “If yes, would framing it this way increase the ability of poor women and women of color...
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  38.  29
    Publicly Funded Health Care for Pregnant Undocumented Immigrants: Achieving Moral Progress Through Overlapping Consensus.Rachel Fabi & Holly A. Taylor - 2021 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 31 (1):77-99.
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  39.  33
    Caffeine Promotes Global Spatial Processing in Habitual and Non-Habitual Caffeine Consumers.Grace E. Giles, Caroline R. Mahoney, Tad T. Brunyé, Holly A. Taylor & Robin B. Kanarek - 2013 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
  40.  30
    Endurance Exercise Enhances Emotional Valence and Emotion Regulation.Grace E. Giles, Marianna D. Eddy, Tad T. Brunyé, Heather L. Urry, Harry L. Graber, Randall L. Barbour, Caroline R. Mahoney, Holly A. Taylor & Robin B. Kanarek - 2018 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12:394582.
    Acute exercise consistently benefits both emotion and cognition, particularly cognitive control. We evaluated acute endurance exercise influences on emotion, domain-general cognitive control, and the cognitive control of emotion, specifically cognitive reappraisal. Thirty-six endurance runners, defined as running at least 30 miles per week with one weekly run of at least 9 miles (21 female, age 18-30 years) participated. In a repeated measures design, participants walked at 57% age-adjusted maximum heart rate (HRmax) (range 51-63%) and ran at 70% HRmax (range 64-76%) (...)
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  41.  38
    Breastfeeding with HIV: An Evidence-Based Case for New Policy.Marielle S. Gross, Holly A. Taylor, Cecilia Tomori & Jenell S. Coleman - 2019 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 47 (1):152-160.
    To help eliminate perinatal HIV transmission, the US Department of Health and Human Services recommends against breastfeeding for women living with HIV, regardless of viral load or combined antiretroviral therapy status. However, cART radically improves HIV prognosis and virtually eliminates perinatal transmission, and breastfeeding's health benefits are well-established. In this setting, pregnancy is increasing among American women with HIV, and a harm reduction approach to those who breastfeed despite extensive counseling is suggested. We assess the evidence and ethical justification for (...)
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  42.  24
    Emergency Preparedness and Response for Disabled Individuals: Implications of Recent Litigation.Lainie Rutkow, Holly A. Taylor & Lance Gable - 2015 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 43 (S1):91-94.
    In an emergency, challenges faced by disabled individuals may be exacerbated by ineffective communication, power outages, transportation shortcomings, and inhospitable shelters. During Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, Gulf Coast shelters did not routinely provide closed captioning or sign language interpreters; for individuals with auditory disabilities, understanding instructions issued in these shelters was extremely difficult. Individuals with mobility-related disabilities experienced challenges evacuating from their homes due to public transportation that could not accommodate wheelchairs. After the hurricanes, difficulties arose in identifying wheelchair-accessible trailers (...)
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  43.  26
    Employer Requirements to Work during Emergency Responses: Key Ethics Considerations.Lainie Rutkow, Holly A. Taylor & Tia Powell - 2017 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 45 (s1):73-76.
    Local health departments and their employees are at the forefront of emergency preparedness and response. Yet, recent studies have found that some local public health workers are unwilling to report to work in a variety of disaster scenarios. This can greatly compromise a response, as many local health departments need “all hands on deck” to effectively meet increased demands. To address these concerns, local health departments have employed varied policy strategies to ensure that employees do report to work. After describing (...)
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  44.  44
    A Randomized Trial of Rapamycin to Increase Longevity and Healthspan in Companion Animals: Navigating the Boundary Between Protections for Animal Research and Human Subjects Research.Holly A. Taylor, Christian Morales, Liza-Marie Johnson & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (10):58-59.
  45.  22
    Attending to Local Justice: Lessons from Pediatric HIV.Holly A. Taylor & Nancy E. Kass - 2002 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 24 (6):9.
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  46.  30
    (3 other versions)Challenging Cases in Research Ethics.Holly A. Taylor, Ellen Kuwana & Benjamin S. Wilfond - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (10):60 - 60.
  47.  17
    Children under Age 14 Deserve More.Holly A. Taylor - 2003 - American Journal of Bioethics 3 (4):33-34.
  48.  30
    Can We Breathe Easy If PAP Therapy Is Withheld?Holly A. Taylor & Naresh M. Punjabi - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (10):78-79.
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  49.  22
    Deciding in the Best Interest of Clients with Dementia: The Experience of Public Guardians.Holly A. Taylor, Betty S. Black & Peter V. Rabins - 2008 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 19 (2):120-126.
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  50.  12
    Digital Negotiations: Navigating Parental Permission and Adolescent Assent for On-Line Survey Participation.Holly A. Taylor & Douglas B. Mogul - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (10):84-85.
    Volume 20, Issue 10, October 2020, Page 84-85.
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