89 found
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  1. In Defense of the Land Ethic: Essays in Environmental Philosophy.J. Baird Callicott (ed.) - 1989 - SUNY Press.
    In Defense of the Land Ethic: Essays in Environmental Philosophy brings into a single volume J. Baird Callicott’s decade-long effort to articulate, defend, and extend the seminal environmental philosophy of Aldo Leopold. A leading voice in this new field, Callicott sounds the depths of the proverbial iceberg, the tip of which is “The Land Ethic.” “The Land Ethic,” Callicott argues, is traceable to the moral psychology of David Hume and Charles Darwin’s classical account of the origin and evolution of Hume’s (...)
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  2.  58
    Thinking Like a Planet: The Land Ethic and the Earth Ethic.J. Baird Callicott - 2013 - New York, US: Oup Usa.
    Bringing together ecology, evolutionary moral psychology, and environmental ethics, J. Baird Callicott counters the narrative of blame and despair that prevails in contemporary discussions of climate ethics and offers a fresh, more optimistic approach.
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  3.  83
    Beyond the Land Ethic: More Essays in Environmental Philosophy.J. Baird Callicott (ed.) - 1999 - State University of New York Press.
    A leading theorist addresses a wide spectrum of topics central to the field of environmental philosophy.
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  4.  20
    The Great New Wilderness Debate.J. Baird Callicott & Michael P. Nelson (eds.) - 1998 - University of Georgia Press.
    The Great New Wilderness Debate is an expansive, wide-ranging collection that addresses the pivotal environmental issues of the modern era. This eclectic volume on the varied constructions of “wilderness” reveals the recent controversies that surround those conceptions, and the gulf between those who argue for wilderness "preservation" and those who argue for "wise use." J. Baird Callicott and Michael P. Nelson have selected thirty-nine essays that provide historical context, range broadly across the issues, and set forth the positions of the (...)
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  5.  94
    In Defense of the Land Ethic.J. Baird Callicott - 1991 - Philosophy East and West 41 (3):437-441.
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  6.  23
    Earth's Insights: A Multicultural Survey of Ecological Ethics From the Mediterranean Basin to the Australian Outback.J. Baird Callicott - 1994 - University of California Press.
    The environmental crisis is global in scope, yet contemporary environmental ethics is centered predominantly in Western philosophy and religion. _Earth's Insights_ widens the scope of environmental ethics to include the ecological teachings embedded in non-Western worldviews. J. Baird Callicott ranges broadly, exploring the sacred texts of Islam, Hinduism, Jainism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Zen Buddhism, as well as the oral traditions of Polynesia, North and South America, and Australia. He also documents the attempts of various peoples to put their environmental ethics (...)
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  7. In Defense of the Land Ethic : Essays in Environmental Philosophy, coll. « SUNY Series in Philosophy and Biology ».J. Baird Callicott - 1989 - Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger 179 (4):642-642.
     
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  8. The Case against Moral Pluralism.J. Baird Callicott - 1990 - Environmental Ethics 12 (2):99-124.
    Despite Christopher Stone’s recent argument on behalf of moral pluralism, the principal architects of environmental ethics remain committed to moral monism. Moral pluralism fails to specify what to do when two or more of its theories indicate inconsistent practical imperatives. More deeply, ethical theories are embedded in moral philosophies and moral pluralism requires us to shift between mutually inconsistent metaphysics of morals, most of which are no Ionger tenable in light of postmodern science. A univocal moral philosophy-traceable to David Hume’s (...)
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  9. (1 other version)Non-Anthropocentric Value Theory and Environmental Ethics.J. Baird Callicott - 1984 - American Philosophical Quarterly 21 (4):299 - 309.
  10. Beyond the Land Ethic: More Essays in Environmental Philosophy.J. Baird Callicott - 2001 - Environmental Values 10 (1):138-141.
     
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  11.  59
    Nature in Asian Traditions of Thought: Essays in Environmental Philosophy.J. Baird Callicott & Roger T. Ames (eds.) - 1989 - State University of New York Press.
    The contributors, not identified except by name, are mostly westerners. No bibliography. Paperback edition ($12.95) not seen. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
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  12. Intrinsic value, quantum theory, and environmental ethics.J. Baird Callicott - 1985 - Environmental Ethics 7 (3):257-275.
    The central and most recalcitrant problem for environmental ethics is the problem of constructing an adequate theory of intrinsic value for nonhuman natural entities and for nature as a whole. In part one, I retrospectively survey the problem, review certain classical approaches to it, and recommend one as an adequate, albeit only partial, solution. In part two, I show that the classical theory of inherent value for nonhuman entities and nature as a whole outlined in part one is inconsistent with (...)
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  13. Environmental ethics: An overview.J. Baird Callicott - forthcoming - Encyclopedia of Bioethics.
     
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  14. The metaphysical implications of ecology.J. Baird Callicott - 1986 - Environmental Ethics 8 (4):301-316.
    Although ecology is neither a universal nor foundational science, it has metaphysical implications because it profoundly alters traditional Western concepts of terrestrial nature and human being. I briefly sketch the received metaphysical foundations of the modem world view, set out a historical outline of an emerging ecological world view, and identify its principal metaphysical implications. Among these the most salient are a field ontology, the ontological subordination of matter to energy, internal relations, and systemic (as opposed to oceanic) holism. I (...)
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  15. Intrinsic Value in Nature: A Metaethical Analysis.J. Baird Callicott - 1995 - Electronic Journal of Analytic Philosophy 3 (5).
  16.  13
    Current Normative Concepts in Conservation.J. Baird Callicott, Larry B. Crowder & Karen Mumford - 1999 - Conservation Biology 13 (1):22-35.
    A plethora of normative conservation concepts have recently emerged, most of which are ill-defined: biological diversity, biological integrity, ecological restoration, ecological services, ecological rehabilitation, ecological sustainability, sustainable development, ecosystem health, ecosystem management, adaptive management, and keystone species are salient among them. These normative concepts can be organized and interpreted by reference to two new schools of conservation philosophy, compositionalism and functionalism. The former comprehends nature primarily by means of evolutionary ecology and considers Homo sapiens separate from nature. The latter comprehends (...)
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  17.  49
    The Pragmatic Power and Promise of Theoretical Environmental Ethics: Forging a New Discourse.J. Baird Callicott - 2002 - Environmental Values 11 (1):3-25.
    Pragmatist environmental philosophers have (erroneously) assumed that environmental ethics has made little impact on environmental policy because environmental ethics has been absorbed with arcane theoretical controversies, mostly centred on the question of intrinsic value in nature. Positions on this question generate the allegedly divisive categories of anthropocentrism/nonanthropocentrism, shallow/deep ecology, and individualism/holism. The locus classicus for the objectivist concept of intrinsic value is traceable to Kant, and modifications of the Kantian form of ethical theory terminate in biocentrism. A subjectivist approach to (...)
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  18. Do Deconstructive Ecology and Sociobiology Undermine Leopold’s Land Ethic?J. Baird Callicott - 1996 - Environmental Ethics 18 (4):353-372.
    Recent deconstructive developments in ecology (doubts about the existence of unified communities and ecosystems, the diversity-stability hypothesis, and a natural homeostasis or “balance of nature”; and an emphasis on “chaos,” “perturbation,” and directionless change in living nature) and the advent of sociobiology (selfish genes) may seem to undermine the scientific foundations of environmental ethics, especially the Leopold land ethic. A reassessment of the Leopold land ethic in light of these developments (and vice versa) indicates that the land ethic is still (...)
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  19. Rolston on intrinsic value: A deconstruction.J. Baird Callicott - 1992 - Environmental Ethics 14 (2):129-143.
    Central to Holmes Rolston’s Environmental Ethics is the theoretical quest of most enviromnental philosophers for a defensible concept of intrinsic value for nonhuman natural entities and nature as a whole. Rolston’s theory is similar to Paul Taylor’s in rooting intrinsic value in conation, but dissimilar in assigning value bonuses to consciousness and self-consciousness and value dividends to organic wholes andelemental nature. I argue that such a theory of intrinsic value flies in the face of the subject/object and fact/value dichotomies of (...)
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  20.  77
    Was Aldo Leopold a Pragmatist? Rescuing Leopold from the Imagination of Bryan Norton.J. Baird Callicott, William Grove-Fanning, Jennifer Rowland, Daniel Baskind, Robert Heath French & Kerry Walker - 2009 - Environmental Values 18 (4):453 - 486.
    Aldo Leopold was a pragmatist in the vernacular sense of the word. Bryan G. Norton claims that Leopold was also heavily influenced by American Pragmatism, a formal school of philosophy. As evidence, Norton offers Leopold's misquotation of a definition of right (as truth) by political economist, A.T. Hadley, who was an admirer of the philosophy of William James. A search of Leopold's digitised literary remains reveals no other evidence that Leopold was directly influenced by any actual American Pragmatist or by (...)
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  21. A critique of and an alternative to the wilderness idea.J. Baird Callicott - forthcoming - Environmental Ethics, A. Light and H. Rolston (Eds), Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
  22.  15
    (1 other version)The Topos of Mu and the Predicative Self.J. Baird Callicott - 2023 - Dialogue and Universalism 33 (2):9-35.
    Terminologically, the “topos of mu” and the “predicative self” originated in the Kyoto School and are traceable to the work of its founder NISHIDA Kitarō. The full phrase was coined by NAKAMURA Yūjirō. Conceptually, the topos of mu or place of nothingness is Nishida’s development of the Buddhist notion of anatta or no self and radiating out from that locus of emptiness is a self constituted by its predicates or the things to which it is connected by an existential copula. (...)
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  23. Traditional american indian and western european attitudes toward nature: An overview.J. Baird Callicott - 1982 - Environmental Ethics 4 (4):293-318.
    A generalized traditional Western world view is compared with a generalized traditional American Indian world view in respect to the practical relations implied by either to nature. The Western tradition pictures nature as material, mechanical, and devoid of spirit (reserving that exclusively for humans), while the American Indian tradition pictures nature throughout as an extended family or society of living, ensouled beings. The former picture invites unrestrained exploitation of nonhuman nature, while the latter provides the foundations for ethical restraint in (...)
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  24. Elements of an Environmental Ethic: Moral Considerability and the Biotic Community.J. Baird Callicott - 1979 - Environmental Ethics 1 (1):71-81.
  25.  67
    Conceptual resources for environmental ethics in asian traditions of thought: A propaedeutic.J. Baird Callicott - 1987 - Philosophy East and West 37 (2):115-130.
  26.  97
    The Value of Ecosystem Health.J. Baird Callicott - 1995 - Environmental Values 4 (4):345 - 361.
    The concept of ecosystem health is problematic. Do ecosystems as such exist? Is health an objective condition of organisms or is it socially constructed? Can 'health' be unequivocally predicated of ecosystems? Is ecosystem health both objective and valuative? Are ecosystem health and biological integrity identical? How do these concepts interface with the concept of biodiversity? Ecosystems exist, although they are turning out to be nested sets of linked process-functions with temporal boundaries, not tangible superorganisms with spatial boundaries. Ecosystem health – (...)
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  27.  14
    The Pragmatic Power and Promise of Theoretical Environmental Ethics.J. Baird Callicott - 2005 - In Arthur W. Galston & Christiana Z. Peppard (eds.), Expanding horizons in bioethics. Norwell, MA: Springer. pp. 185--208.
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  28.  8
    Environmental Philosophy in Asian Traditions of Thought.J. Baird Callicott & James McRae (eds.) - 2014 - SUNY Press.
    Seminal essays on environmental philosophy from Indian, Chinese, and Japanese traditions of thought. Environmental Philosophy in Asian Traditions of Thought provides a welcome sequel to the foundational volume in Asian environmental ethics Nature in Asian Traditions of Thought. That volume, edited by J. Baird Callicott and Roger T. Ames and published in 1989, inaugurated comparative environmental ethics, adding Asian thought on the natural world to the developing field of environmental philosophy. This new book, edited by Callicott and James McRae, includes (...)
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  29.  63
    (1 other version)Agroecology in context.J. Baird Callicott - 1988 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 1 (1):3-9.
    Agriculture and medicine palpably manifest a culture's world view. Correspondingly, changes in agriculture and medicine may be barometers of change in a culture's overall outlook. Conventional industrial agriculture and modern surgical/chemical medicine clearly express the Newtonian mechanical model of nature. The modern classical world view represents nature to be an externally related, atomic, reductive, material, and mechanical aggregate. Modern medicine, correspondingly, treats the body as an elaborate mechanism and industrial agriculture regards soil as a substratum for monocultures assembled from fossil (...)
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  30.  26
    Silencing Philosophers: Minteer and the Foundations of Anti-foundationalism.J. Baird Callicott - 1999 - Environmental Values 8 (4):499-516.
    In 'No Experience Necessary: Foundationalism and the Retreat from Culture in Environmental Ethics'. Ben A. Minteer forgivably misconstrues my critique of moral pluralism. Contrary to Minteer’s representation: I do not accuse moral pluralists of ‘moral promiscuity’: nor do I posit a ‘master principle’ to govern all human action respecting the environment: and although I offer conceptual foundations for environmental ethics, I do not claim that they rest on certain, a priori, and non-empirical intuitions. Rather, the conceptual foundations I offer for (...)
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  31.  66
    The Land Ethic and the Earth Ethic(s).J. Baird Callicott - 2021 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 24 (1):27-43.
    The Anthropocene and the Holocene are coeval. Preserving the Holocene/Anthropocene climate is the overarching concern of twenty-first-century environmental philosophy and ethics. The second wave of the environmental crisis—ozone thinning, biodiversity erosion, and climate change—crested in the mid-1980s and is global in scale. The land ethic is local in scale. Therefore, an earth ethic is needed. Leopold sketched several in 1923: a three-pronged virtue ethic, a care ethic for posterity, an ethic of respect for the living planet. An individualistic ethic for (...)
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  32. Hume’s Is/Ought Dichtomy and the Relation of Ecology to Leopold’s Land Ethic.J. Baird Callicott - 1982 - Environmental Ethics 4 (2):163-174.
    Environmental ethics in its modem classical expression by Aldo Leopold appears to fall afoul of Hume’s prohibition against deriving ought-statements from is-statements since it is presented as a logical consequence of the science of ecology. Hume’s is/ought dichotomy is reviewed in its historical theoretical context. A general formulation bridging is and ought, in Hume’s terms, meeting his own criteria for sound practical argument, is found. It is then shown that Aldo Leopold’s land ethic is expressible as a special case of (...)
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  33.  25
    Moral Monism in Environmental Ethics Defended.J. Baird Callicott - 1994 - Journal of Philosophical Research 19:51-60.
    In dealing with concern for fellow human beings, sentient animals, and the enviroment, Christopher D. Stone suggests that a single agent adopt a different ethical theory---e.g., Kant’s, Bentham’s, Leopold’s---for each domain. Ethical theories, however, and their attendant rules and principles are embedded in moral philosophies. Employing Kant’s categorical imperative in this case, Bentham’s hedonic caIculus in that, and Leopold’s land ethic in another, a single agent would therefore have either simultaneously or cyclically to endorse contradictory moral philosophies. Instead, I suggest (...)
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  34.  17
    The Land Ethic.J. Baird Callicott - 1991 - In Dale Jamieson (ed.), A Companion to Environmental Philosophy. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 204–217.
    This chapter contains sections titled: The Darwinian roots of the land ethic The evolutionary origin of ethics The development of ethics correlative to the development of society The land ethic as the next step in the Darwinian society‐ethics pas de deux The holism of the land ethic and its antecedents The holism of the land ethic and the problem of eco‐fascism Prioritizing the duties generated by membership in multiple communities The priority (second‐order) principles applied to the old‐growth forest quandary The (...)
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  35.  27
    American Indian Environmental Ethics: An Ojibwa Case Study.J. Baird Callicott & Michael P. Nelson (eds.) - 2003 - Prentice-Hall.
    "For courses in anthropology, cultural geography, environmental philosophy and ethics. Brief text focusing on environmental attitudes and practices of American Indians using the Ojibwa narrative, myths, legends, stories and rituals. Introductory essay offers theory of environmental ethics, an overview of the field of environmental ethics, and places the Ojibwa within this contemporary debate."--Publisher.
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  36.  22
    (1 other version)Earth's Insights: A Survey of Ecological Ethics from the Mediterranean Basin to the Australian Outback.Frederic L. Bender & J. Baird Callicott - 1996 - Philosophy East and West 46 (2):269.
  37.  77
    Can a theory of moral sentiments support a genuinely normative environmental ethic?J. Baird Callicott - 1992 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 35 (2):183 – 198.
    The conceptual foundations of Aldo Leopold's seminal land ethic are traceable through Darwin to the sentiment?based ethics of Hume. According to Hume, the moral sentiments are universal; and, according to Darwin, they were naturally selected in the intensely social matrix of human evolution. Hence they may provide a ?consensus of feeling?, functionally equivalent to the normative force of reason overriding inclination. But then ethics, allege K. S. Shrader?Frechette and W. Fox, is reduced to a description of human nature, and the (...)
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  38.  85
    Wetland gloom and wetland glory.J. Baird Callicott - 2003 - Philosophy and Geography 6 (1):33 – 45.
    Mountains were once no less feared and loathed than wetlands. Mountains, however, were aesthetically rehabilitated (in part by modern landscape painting), but wetlands remain aesthetically reviled. The three giants of American environmental philosophy--Thoreau, Muir, and Leopold--all expressed aesthetic appreciation of wetlands. For Thoreau and Muir--both of whom were a bit misanthropic and contrarian--the beauty of wetlands was largely a matter of their floral interest and wildness (freedom from human inhabitation and economic exploitation). Leopold's aesthetic appreciation of wetlands was better informed (...)
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  39.  27
    Earth Summit Ethics: Toward a Reconstructive Postmodern Philosophy of Environmental Education.J. Baird Callicott & Fernando J. R. Da Rocha (eds.) - 1996 - State University of New York Press.
    An international group of environmental philosophers and educators propose ways universities can produce and promote ecological literacy and environmental ethics.
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  40. Democracy and the Claims of Nature: Critical Perspectives for a New Century.Wilson Carey McWilliams, Bob Pepperman Taylor, Bryan G. Norton, Robyn Eckersley, Joe Bowersox, J. Baird Callicott, Catriona Sandilands, John Barry, Andrew Light, Peter S. Wenz, Luis A. Vivanco, Tim Hayward, John O'Neill, Robert Paehlke, Timothy W. Luke, Robert Gottlieb & Charles T. Rubin (eds.) - 2002 - Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
    In Democracy and the Claims of Nature, the leading thinkers in the fields of environmental, political, and social theory come together to discuss the tensions and sympathies of democratic ideals and environmental values. The prominent contributors reflect upon where we stand in our understanding of the relationship between democracy and the claims of nature. Democracy and the Claims of Nature bridges the gap between the often competing ideals of the two fields, leading to a greater understanding of each for the (...)
     
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  41.  79
    The Temporal and Spatial Scales of Global Climate Change and the Limits of Individualistic and Rationalistic Ethics.J. Baird Callicott - 2011 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 69:101-116.
    Here I argue that the hyper-individualistic and rationalistic ethical paradigms – originating in the late eighteenth century and dominating moral philosophy, in various permutations, ever since – cannot capture the moral concerns evoked by the prospect of global climate change. Those paradigms are undone by the temporal and spatial scales of climate change. To press my argument, I deploy two famous philosophical tropes – John Rawls's notion of the original position and Derek Parfit's paradox – and another that promises to (...)
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  42.  22
    Postmodern ecological restoration: Choosing appropriate temporal and spatial scales.J. Baird Callicott - 2011 - In Kevin deLaplante, Bryson Brown & Kent A. Peacock (eds.), Philosophy of ecology. Waltham, MA: North-Holland. pp. 11--301.
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  43.  40
    How Environmental Ethical Theory May Be Put into Practice.J. Baird Callicott - 1996 - Ethics and the Environment 1 (1):3-14.
    Environmentalists do not appear to walk their walk as consistently as animal liberationists and anti-abortionists. Are we therefore more hypocritical? Maybe; but there's another explanation. Unlike concern for individual animals or individual fetuses, environmental concerns are holistic —air and waterpollution, species extinction, diminished ecological health and integrity. One pro-life pregnant woman may preserve the life of one unborn baby, the one in her uterus; and one animal liberationist can save the life of one animal, the one he didn't eat. But (...)
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  44.  55
    The indigenous world or many indigenous worlds?J. Baird Callicott - 2000 - Environmental Ethics 22 (3):291-310.
    Earth’s Insights is about more than indigenous North American environmental attitudes and values. The conclusions of Hester, McPherson, Booth, and Cheney about universal indigenous environmental attitudes and values, although pronounced with papal infallibility, are based on no evidence. The unstated authority of their pronouncements seems to be the indigenous identity of two of the authors. Two other self-identified indigenous authors, V. F. Cordova and Sandy Marie Anglás Grande, argue explicitly that indigenous identity is sufficient authority for declaring what pre-Columbian indigenous (...)
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  45. The convergence hypothesis falsified: implicit intrinsic value, operational rights, and de facto standing in the endangered species act.J. Baird Callicott - 2009 - In Ben Minteer (ed.), Nature in Common?: Environmental Ethics and the Contested Foundations of Environmental Policy. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
  46. Linking ecology and ethics for a changing world.Ricardo Rozzi, Steward Pickett, Clare Palmer, Juan Armesto & J. Baird Callicott (eds.) - 2014 - Springer.
     
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  47.  3
    Afterword.J. Baird Callicott - 2014 - In J. Baird Callicott & James McRae (eds.), Environmental Philosophy in Asian Traditions of Thought. SUNY Press. pp. 377-390.
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  48.  5
    Genesis Revisited: Murian Musings on the Lynn White, Jr. Debate.J. Baird Callicott - 1990 - Environmental History Review 14 (1/2):65-90.
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  49.  48
    (1 other version)The metaphysical transition in farming: From the Newtonian-mechanical to the Eltonian ecological.J. Baird Callicott - 1990 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 3 (1):36-49.
    Modern agriculture is subject to a metaphysical as well as an ethical critique. As a casual review of the beliefs associated with food production in the past suggests, modern agriculture is embedded in and informed by the prevailing modern world view, Newtonian Mechanics, which is bankrupt as a scientific paradigm and unsustainable as an agricultural motif. A new holistic, organic world view is emerging from ecology and the new physics marked by four general conceptual features: Each level of organization from (...)
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  50.  21
    Leopold’s Means and Ends in Wild Life Management.Eugene C. Hargrove & J. Baird Callicott - 1990 - Environmental Ethics 12 (4):333-337.
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