Results for 'J. Wolf Marty'

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  1.  30
    Analysis, Clarification and Extension of the Theory of Strongly Semantic Information.Marty J. Wolf - 2011 - Etica and Politica / Ethics and Politics (2):246-254.
    This paper analyzes certain technical details of Floridi’s Theory of Strongly Semantic Information. It provides a clarification regarding desirable properties of degrees of informativeness functions by rejecting three of Floridi’s original constraints and proposing a replacement constraint. Finally, the paper briefly explores the notion of quantities of inaccuracy and shows an analysis that mimics Floridi’s analysis of quantities of vacuity.
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  2.  6
    There’s something in your eye: ethical implications of augmented visual field devices.Marty J. Wolf, Frances S. Grodzinsky & Keith W. Miller - 2016 - Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 14 (3):214-230.
    Purpose This paper aims to explore the ethical and social impact of augmented visual field devices, identifying issues that AVFDs share with existing devices and suggesting new ethical and social issues that arise with the adoption of AVFDs. Design/methodology/approach This essay incorporates both a philosophical and an ethical analysis approach. It is based on Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, philosophical notions of transparency and presence and human values including psychological well-being, physical well-being, privacy, deception, informed consent, ownership and property and (...)
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  3. The instructional information processing account of digital computation.Nir Fresco & Marty J. Wolf - 2014 - Synthese 191 (7):1469-1492.
    What is nontrivial digital computation? It is the processing of discrete data through discrete state transitions in accordance with finite instructional information. The motivation for our account is that many previous attempts to answer this question are inadequate, and also that this account accords with the common intuition that digital computation is a type of information processing. We use the notion of reachability in a graph to defend this characterization in memory-based systems and underscore the importance of instructional information for (...)
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  4.  21
    The Importance of Actualizing Control in the Processing of Instructional Information.Marty J. Wolf - 2013 - Philosophy and Technology 26 (1):67-70.
    This commentary on Fresco's article "Information processing as an account of concrete digital computation" illuminates the two intertwined roles that the definition of the term "information" plays in Fresco's analysis. It provides analysis of the notion of actualizing control in information processing. The key point made is that not all control information in common computational devices cannot be processed.
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  5.  13
    A Case for Information as a Basis for Ethics.Marty J. Wolf - 2014 - Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 18 (3):251-254.
  6.  5
    Guest editorial.Marty J. Wolf, Alexis M. Elder & Gosia Plotka - 2019 - Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 17 (2):114-118.
    “Congealing” is a word that evokes senses of unpleasantness where perhaps something inviting had once been. It also implies that things are becoming less fluid and more rigid. As we began organizing ETHICOMP 2018, we wanted a theme that reflected the impact of technologies on human cultures, practices and lives. Our initial draft of the theme was “Creating, Changing, and Congealing Ways of Life with Technologies.” And while we were eventually persuaded to use a more congenial way of putting the (...)
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  7.  12
    Free, source-code-available, or proprietary: an ethically charged, context-sensitive choice.Marty J. Wolf, Keith W. Miller & Frances S. Grodzinsky - 2009 - Acm Sigcas Computers and Society 39 (1):15-26.
    We demonstrate that different categories of software raise different ethical concerns with respect to whether software ought to be Free Software or Proprietary Software. We outline the ethical tension between Free Software and Proprietary Software that stems from the two kinds of licenses. For some categories of software we develop support for normative statements regarding the software development landscape. We claim that as society's use of software changes, the ethical analysis for that category of software must necessarily be repeated. Finally, (...)
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  8.  50
    This “Ethical Trap” Is for Roboticists, Not Robots: On the Issue of Artificial Agent Ethical Decision-Making.Keith W. Miller, Marty J. Wolf & Frances Grodzinsky - 2017 - Science and Engineering Ethics 23 (2):389-401.
    In this paper we address the question of when a researcher is justified in describing his or her artificial agent as demonstrating ethical decision-making. The paper is motivated by the amount of research being done that attempts to imbue artificial agents with expertise in ethical decision-making. It seems clear that computing systems make decisions, in that they make choices between different options; and there is scholarship in philosophy that addresses the distinction between ethical decision-making and general decision-making. Essentially, the qualitative (...)
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  9.  33
    The indeterminacy of computation.Nir Fresco, B. Jack Copeland & Marty J. Wolf - 2021 - Synthese 199 (5-6):12753-12775.
    Do the dynamics of a physical system determine what function the system computes? Except in special cases, the answer is no: it is often indeterminate what function a given physical system computes. Accordingly, care should be taken when the question ‘What does a particular neuronal system do?’ is answered by hypothesising that the system computes a particular function. The phenomenon of the indeterminacy of computation has important implications for the development of computational explanations of biological systems. Additionally, the phenomenon lends (...)
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  10. The ethics of designing artificial agents.Frances S. Grodzinsky, Keith W. Miller & Marty J. Wolf - 2008 - Ethics and Information Technology 10 (2-3):115-121.
    In their important paper “Autonomous Agents”, Floridi and Sanders use “levels of abstraction” to argue that computers are or may soon be moral agents. In this paper we use the same levels of abstraction to illuminate differences between human moral agents and computers. In their paper, Floridi and Sanders contributed definitions of autonomy, moral accountability and responsibility, but they have not explored deeply some essential questions that need to be answered by computer scientists who design artificial agents. One such question (...)
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  11.  28
    Developing Automated Deceptions and the Impact on Trust.Frances S. Grodzinsky, Keith W. Miller & Marty J. Wolf - 2015 - Philosophy and Technology 28 (1):91-105.
    As software developers design artificial agents , they often have to wrestle with complex issues, issues that have philosophical and ethical importance. This paper addresses two key questions at the intersection of philosophy and technology: What is deception? And when is it permissible for the developer of a computer artifact to be deceptive in the artifact’s development? While exploring these questions from the perspective of a software developer, we examine the relationship of deception and trust. Are developers using deception to (...)
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  12. The ethics of designing artificial agents.S. Grodzinsky Frances, W. Miller Keith & J. Wolf Marty - 2008 - Ethics and Information Technology 10 (2-3):112-121.
    In their important paper “Autonomous Agents”, Floridi and Sanders use “levels of abstraction” to argue that computers are or may soon be moral agents. In this paper we use the same levels of abstraction to illuminate differences between human moral agents and computers. In their paper, Floridi and Sanders contributed definitions of autonomy, moral accountability and responsibility, but they have not explored deeply some essential questions that need to be answered by computer scientists who design artificial agents. One such question (...)
     
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  13.  22
    Dynamic technology challenges static codes of ethics.Bo Brinkman, Catherine Flick, Don Gotterbarn, Keith Miller, Kate Vazansky & Marty J. Wolf - 2017 - Acm Sigcas Computers and Society 47 (3):7-24.
    We describe the process of changing and the changes being suggested for the ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct. In addition to addressing the technical and ethical basis for the proposed changes, we identify suggestions that commenters made in response to the first draft. We invite feedback on the proposed changes and on the suggestions that commenters made.
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  14.  9
    All hands on deck for ACM Ethics.Bo Brinkman, Don Gotterbarn, Keith W. Miller & Marty J. Wolf - 2016 - Acm Sigcas Computers and Society 46 (3):5-8.
    The Association for Computing Machinery's Committee on Professional Ethics has been charged to execute three major projects over the next two years: updating ACM's Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct, revising the enforcement procedures for the Code, and developing new media to promote integrity in the profession. We cannot do this alone, and we are asking SIGCAS members to volunteer and get involved. We will briefly describe the rationale and plan behind these projects and describe opportunities to get involved.
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  15. New Directions in Biblical Thought.Martin E. Marty, Stephen C. Neill, L. Harold de Wolf, J. Carter Swaim, Hugh T. Kerr, Jack Finegan, Wayne H. Cowan, Carl Michalson, Clyde Leonard Manschreck, John W. Meister, Stanton A. Coblentz & Hazel Davis Clark - 1960
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  16. xvii J. Wolfe Department of Psychology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA MJ Wright Department of Psychology, Brunel University, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, UK. [REVIEW]J. Wolfe - 1985 - In David Rose & Vernon Dobson (eds.), Models of the Visual Cortex. New York: Wiley.
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  17. Analysis, Clarification and Extension of the Theory of Strongly Semantic Information.Marty Wolf - 2011 - Etica E Politica 13 (2):246-254.
    This paper analyzes certain technical details of Floridi’s Theory of Strongly Semantic Information. It provides a clarification regarding desirable properties of degrees of informativeness functions by rejecting three of Floridi’s original constraints and proposing a replacement constraint. Finally, the paper briefly explores the notion of quantities of inaccuracy and shows an analysis that mimics Floridi’s analysis of quantities of vacuity.
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  18.  5
    Book Review: Claude E. Dolman and Richard J. Wolfe, Suppressing the Diseases of Animals and Man: Theobald Smith, Microbiologist. [REVIEW]Claude E. Dolman & Richard J. Wolfe - 2004 - Journal of the History of Biology 37 (3):597-598.
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  19.  7
    Applying a Social-Relational Model to Explore the Curious Case of hitchBOT.Keith Miller, Marty Wolf & Frances Grodzinsky - 2019 - In Matteo Vincenzo D'Alfonso & Don Berkich (eds.), On the Cognitive, Ethical, and Scientific Dimensions of Artificial Intelligence. Springer Verlag. pp. 311-323.
    This paper applies social-relational models of moral standing of robots to cases where the encounters between the robot and humans are relatively brief. Our analysis spans the spectrum of non-social robots to fully-social robots. We consider cases where the encounters are between a stranger and the robot and do not include its owner or operator. We conclude that the developers of robots that might be encountered by other people when the owner is not present cannot wash their hands of responsibility. (...)
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  20.  22
    Audra J. Wolfe. Competing with the Soviets: Science, Technology, and the State in Cold War America. vii + 166 pp., app., index. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013. $19.95. [REVIEW]Brian Balmer - 2014 - Isis 105 (1):255-256.
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  21. Domestic Imperialism: The reversal of Fanon.J. Wolfe Harris - 2019 - Stance 12 (1):65-73.
    BSTRACT Frantz Fanon’s works have been invaluable in the analysis of colonies and the colonized subject’s mentality therein, but an analysis of the colonial power itself has been largely left to the wayside. The aim of this paper is to explicate a key element of Fanon’s theoretical framework, the metropolis/periphery dichotomy, then, using the writings of Huey P. Newton and Stokely Carmichael, among others, show its reversal within the colonial power. I will analyze this reversal in three ways: first, the (...)
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  22.  19
    Audra J. Wolfe, Competing with the Soviets: Science, Technology, and the State in Cold War America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013. Pp viii+166. ISBN 978-1-4214-0771-5. £10.50. [REVIEW]Christopher Hollings - 2013 - British Journal for the History of Science 46 (4):729-731.
  23.  1
    Domestic Imperialism.J. Wolfe Harris - 2019 - Stance 12 (1):64-73.
    Frantz Fanon’s works have been invaluable in the analysis of colonies and the colonized subject’s mentality therein, but an analysis of the colonial power itself has been largely left to the wayside. The aim of this paper is to explicate a key element of Fanon’s theoretical framework, the metropolis/periphery dichotomy, then, using the writings of Huey P. Newton and Stokely Carmichael, among others, show its reversal within the colonial power. I will analyze this reversal in three ways: first, the reversal (...)
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  24.  6
    Imaging Studies of Vision, Attention and Language.Helen J. Neville & Marty Sereno - 1996 - In Garrison W. Cottrell (ed.), Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 18--5.
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  25.  26
    Adding to the Mix: Integrating ELSI into a National Nanoscale Science and Technology Center.David J. Bjornstad & Amy K. Wolfe - 2011 - Science and Engineering Ethics 17 (4):743-760.
    This paper describes issues associated with integrating the study of Ethical, Legal and Social Issues (ELSI) into ongoing scientific and technical research and describes an approach adopted by the authors for their own work with the center for nanophase materials sciences (CNMS) at the Oak Ridge national laboratory (ORNL). Four key questions are considered: (a) What is ELSI and how should it identify and address topics of interest for the CNMS? (b) What advantages accrue to incorporating ELSI into the CNMS? (...)
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  26. Modernidad y posmodernidad en América Latina.Dorando J. Michelini, J. San Martín & F. Lagrave (eds.) - 1991 - Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Repúbica Argentina: Intercambio Cultural Alemán-Latinoamericano.
     
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  27.  12
    Arrow-elicited cueing effects at short intervals: Rapid attentional orienting or cue-target stimulus conflict?Jessica J. Green & Marty G. Woldorff - 2012 - Cognition 122 (1):96-101.
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  28.  10
    Claude E. Dolman;, Richard J. Wolfe. Suppressing the Diseases of Animals and Man: Theobald Smith, Microbiologist. ix + 691 pp., illus., notes, index. Boston: Boston Medical Library in the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, 2003. $45. [REVIEW]James H. Cassedy - 2004 - Isis 95 (3):527-527.
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  29.  26
    The identity thesis as a scientific hypothesis.George J. Nathan & Julian Wolfe - 1968 - Dialogue 7 (3):469-472.
  30.  31
    Book Review: Claude E. Dolman and Richard J. Wolfe, Suppressing the Diseases of Animals and Man: Theobald Smith, Microbiologist. [REVIEW]Lloyd Ackert - 2004 - Journal of the History of Biology 37 (3):597-598.
  31.  8
    Book Review: Claude E. Dolman and Richard J. Wolfe, Suppressing the Diseases of Animals and Man: Theobald Smith, Microbiologist. [REVIEW]Lloyd Ackert - 2004 - Journal of the History of Biology 37 (3):597-598.
  32.  4
    Beyond the basics: Designing a comprehensive response to low health literacy.Elisa J. Gordon & Michael S. Wolf - 2007 - American Journal of Bioethics 7 (11):11 – 13.
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  33.  14
    Review of The Coming Out Stories, edited by Susan J. Wolfe and Julia Penelope Stanley. [REVIEW]Marilyn Frye - 1981 - Sinister Wisdom 14:97-98.
  34. PIAGET, J. "The Principles of Genetic Epistemology." Translated by Wolfe Mays. [REVIEW]J. P. White - 1975 - Mind 84:314.
     
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  35.  16
    The Gene That Makes a Man a Man. The Mammalian Y Chromosome: Molecular Search for the Sex-determining Factor, 1987. Edited by P. N. GOOD-FELLOW, I. W. CRAIG, J. C. SMITH and J. WOLFE. Supplement to Development, vol. 101, Company of Biologists, Pp. 203. £3. [REVIEW]Lee M. Silver - 1988 - Bioessays 9 (5):182-182.
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  36.  7
    Brandy, Balloons, and Lamps: Ami Argand, 1750-1803. John J. Wolfe.Arne Hessenbruch - 2001 - Isis 92 (4):788-789.
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  37.  6
    Extinction as a function of the order of partial and consistent reinforcement.N. S. Sutherland, N. J. Mackintosh & J. B. Wolfe - 1965 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 69 (1):56.
  38.  1
    A Framework for Analyzing Dialogues over the Acceptability of Controversial Technologies.Nichole D. Kerchner, Milton Russell, David J. Bjornstad & Amy K. Wolfe - 2002 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 27 (1):134-159.
    This article asks under what circumstances controversial technologies would be considered seriously for remediation instead of being rejected out of hand. To address this question, the authors developed a conceptual framework called public acceptability of controversial technologies. PACT considers site-specific, decision-oriented dialogues among the individuals and groups involved in selecting or recommending hazardous waste remediation technologies. It distinguishes technology acceptability, that is, a willingness to consider seriously, from technology acceptance, the decision to deploy. The framework integrates four dimensions: an acceptability (...)
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  39. MARTY, J. - L'Epître de Jacques. Etude critique. [REVIEW]M. Simon - 1937 - Scientia 31 (62):106.
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  40. Marty, J. - L'epître De Jacques. Etude Critique. [REVIEW]M. Simon - 1937 - Scientia 31 (62):106.
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  41.  9
    Donna J. Haraway. Manifestly Haraway. (Cary Wolfe, ed.). Reviewed by. [REVIEW]Anna E. Mudde - 2018 - Philosophy in Review 38 (3):100-102.
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  42.  94
    Edge Modes and Dressing Fields for the Newton–Cartan Quantum Hall Effect.William J. Wolf, James Read & Nicholas J. Teh - 2022 - Foundations of Physics 53 (1):1-24.
    It is now well-known that Newton–Cartan theory is the correct geometrical setting for modelling the quantum Hall effect. In addition, in recent years edge modes for the Newton–Cartan quantum Hall effect have been derived. However, the existence of these edge modes has, as of yet, been derived using only orthodox methodologies involving the breaking of gauge-invariance; it would be preferable to derive the existence of such edge modes in a gauge-invariant manner. In this article, we employ recent work by Donnelly (...)
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  43.  41
    History and culture: essays on the work of Eric R. Wolf.J. Abbink & Hans Vermeulen (eds.) - 1992 - Amsterdam: Het Spinhuis.
    Introduction Jan Abbink and Hans Vermeulen This volume consists of essays and studies by authors inspired by the work of Eric Wolf, a central figure in ...
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  44.  3
    Bayesian Hierarchical Compositional Models for Analysing Longitudinal Abundance Data from Microbiome Studies.I. Creus Martí, A. Moya & F. J. Santonja - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-16.
    Gut microbiome plays a significant role in defining the health status of subjects, and recent studies highlight the importance of using time series strategies to analyse microbiome dynamics. In this paper, we develop a Bayesian model for microbiota longitudinal data, based on Dirichlet distribution with time-varying parameters, that take into account the compositional paradigm and consider principal balances. The proposed model can be effective for predicting the future dynamics of a microbial community in the short term and for analysing the (...)
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  45. David: Biblical Portraits of Power.Marti J. Steussy & Richard D. Phillips - 1999
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  46.  67
    Respecting boundaries: theoretical equivalence and structure beyond dynamics.William J. Wolf & James Read - 2023 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 13 (4):1-28.
    A standard line in the contemporary philosophical literature has it that physical theories are equivalent only when they agree on their empirical content, where this empirical content is often understood as being encoded in the equations of motion of those theories. In this article, we question whether it is indeed the case that the empirical content of a theory is exhausted by its equations of motion, showing that (for example) considerations of boundary conditions play a key role in the empirical (...)
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  47. Hugh J. Silverman, John Sallis and Thomas M. Seebohm, eds., Continental Philosophy in America Reviewed by.Wolfe Mays - 1984 - Philosophy in Review 4 (5):221-223.
     
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  48.  28
    Mr Marty's muddle: a superficial and selective case for euthanasia in Europe.J. Keown - 2006 - Journal of Medical Ethics 32 (1):29-33.
    In April 2004 the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe debated a report from its Social, Health and Family Affairs Committee , which questioned the Council of Europe’s opposition to legalising euthanasia. This article exposes the Report’s flaws, not least its superficiality and selectivity.
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  49.  8
    Fritz Marti's "The Unconditional in Human Knowledge. Four Early Essays "by F. W. J. Schelling". [REVIEW]Wolfgang Schwarz - 1981 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 42 (2):297.
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  50. Man Makes Himself.V. Gordon Childe, A. Wolf, H. T. Pledge, George Perazich, Philip M. Field & J. D. Bernal - 1940 - Science and Society 4 (4):461-466.
     
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