34 found
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  1.  89
    Are Properties Particular, Universal, or Neither?Javier Cumpa - 2018 - American Philosophical Quarterly 55 (2):165-174.
    Are properties universal or particular? According to Universalism, properties are universals because there is a certain fundamental tie that makes properties capable of being shareable by more than one thing. On the opposing side, Particularism is the view that properties are particulars due to the existence of a fundamental tie that makes properties incapable of being shared. My aim in this paper is to critically examine the connections between the notions of the fundamental tie and universality and particularity. I argue, (...)
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  2. Resisting easy inferences.Otávio Bueno & Javier Cumpa - 2021 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 102 (3):729-735.
    Amie Thomasson has articulated a novel conception of ontological debates, defending an easy approach to ontological questions as part of the articulation of a deflationary metaphysical view (Thomasson, 2015). After raising some concerns to the approach, we sketch a neutralist alternative to her ontological framework, offering an even easier way of conducting ontological debates.
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  3. Categories.Javier Cumpa - 2020 - Philosophy Compass 15 (1):e12646.
    Categories play a major role in contemporary metaphysics. They have not only been invoked in a number of philosophical theories but are themselves objects of epistemological and metaphysical scrutiny. In this article, we will discuss the following questions: How do we know when something belongs to a certain category? Is there a fundamental category of the world? Can we give a satisfactory account of the number of categories and the completeness of systems of categories? Are categories the genuine subjects of (...)
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  4.  72
    Naturalism and the Question of Ontology.Javier Cumpa - 2023 - American Philosophical Quarterly 60 (1):37-48.
    What is the so-called “question of ontology?” Is the question of ontology genuinely a question about “categories” (Lowe 2006), “structure” (Sider 2011), “existence” (Thomasson 2015), or rather “reality” (Fine 2009)? In this article, I defend the neo-Sellarsian approach to the question of ontology, a novel, naturalistic approach according to which the foundational question of ontology is about “understanding the manifest and the scientific images of the world, and their multiple relationships.” First, I argue for the thesis of Impure Eliminativism, a (...)
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  5. The regress argument against realism about structure.Javier Cumpa - 2023 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 66 (5):726-737.
    Is structure a fundamental and indispensable part of the world? Is the question of ontology a question about structure? Structure is a central notion in contemporary metaphysics [Sider 2011. Writing the Book of the World. Oxford: Clarendon Press]. Realism about structure claims that the question of ontology is about the fundamental and indispensable structure of the world. In this paper, I present a criticism of the metaphysics of realism about structure based on a version of Russell’s famous regress argument against (...)
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  6. A Materialist Criterion of Fundamentality.Javier Cumpa - 2014 - American Philosophical Quarterly 51 (4):319-324.
    1. Categories and the Scientific Turn of Metaphysics: The Notion of World-Fundamentality What are the fundamental inhabitants of the world? This question, as old as it is new, is about the fundamental structure of our world. Is our world a world of Aristotle's ordinary substances, Locke's physical substances, Husserl's wholes, Wittgenstein's facts, Sellars's processes, or Quine's sets? In order to distinguish the sort of metaphysical fundamentality at stake in this discussion from other possible types of fundamentality, I shall call it (...)
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  7.  70
    A Naturalist Ontology of Instantiation.Javier Cumpa - 2018 - Ratio 31 (2):155-164.
    The aim of this paper is to defend a naturalistic approach to instantiation and the Principle of Instantiation. I argue that the instantiation of an ordinary property F consists of two coordinated relationships at the levels of the manifest and scientific images, namely, constituency and entailment. Also, I offer an account of the Principle of Instantiation related to this conception of instantiation based on the notion of scientific prediction.
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  8.  54
    Structure and Completeness: A Defense of Factualism in Categorial Ontology.Javier Cumpa - 2019 - Acta Analytica 34 (2):145-153.
    The aim of this paper is to offer two novel solutions to two perennial problems of categorial ontology, namely, the problem of the categorial structure: how are the categories related to one another? And the problem of categorial completeness: how is the completeness of a proposed list of categories justified? First, I argue that a system of categories should have a structure such that there is a most basic category that is a bearer of all other categories and that has (...)
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  9.  63
    Exemplification as molecular function.Javier Cumpa - 2014 - Philosophical Studies 170 (2):335-342.
    Since the publication of Universals and Scientific Realism (Armstrong 1978a, b) until Sketch for a Systematic Metaphysics (Armstrong 2010), via Universals: An Opinionated Introduction (Armstrong 1989), a World of States of Affairs (Armstrong 1997), and Truth and Truthmakers (Armstrong 2004), David Armstrong has developed one of the most influential theories of instantiation in contemporary analytic metaphysics (see, for example, Lewis, in Aust J Phil 61(4), 343–377, 1983; Baxter in Aust J Phil, 79, 449–464, 2001; Forrest, in Aust J Phil, 83, (...)
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  10.  61
    Factualism and the Scientific Image.Javier Cumpa - 2018 - Humana Mente 26 (5):669-678.
    The Sellarsian task of ontology is to reconcile two seemingly divergent images of ordinary objects such as persons, tomatoes and tables, namely, the manifest image of common sense and the scientific image provided by fundamental physics (Sellars, Science, Perception, and Reality, 1963). Can the genuine categories of the ontologies of Substantialism (Heil, The World as We Find It, 2012), Structural Realism (Ladyman and Ross,Every Thing Must Go: Metaphysics Naturalized, 2007; French, The Structure of the World: Metaphysics and Representation, 2014), and (...)
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  11.  37
    The Neutralist Analysis of Similarity.Javier Cumpa - 2021 - Philosophia 49 (1):37-47.
    Consider two similarity facts: a is similar to b with respect to G, and c is similar to d with respect to G. According to the Platonist approach to similarity, the analysis of such facts forces us to admit that similarity facts are to be analyzed into facts about universal similarities of the form: a is similar to b with respect to G, and c is similar to d with respect to G, where similarity is a universal. In this paper, (...)
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  12.  14
    Ontological Categories.Javier Cumpa & Erwin Tegtmeier (eds.) - 2011 - De Gruyter.
    This volume is about ontological categories. The categories of an ontology are designed to classify all existents. They are crucial and characterize an ontology.
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  13.  63
    Against Mereological Nominalism: Reply to Effingham.Javier Cumpa & Alexandre Declos - 2021 - Synthese 199 (3-4):8991-9011.
    Mereological Nominalism, as traditionally understood, states that properties are mereological wholes and that instantiation is mereological. Thus defined, this view faces a number of well-known issues, which make it virtually untenable. Recently, Effingham :160–185, 2020) has offered an alternative account of Mereological Nominalism, which intends to avoid these problems by accepting while rejecting. In this paper, we argue that this theory is not viable for two main reasons. First, it faces a threat of circularity. Second, the various non-mereological accounts of (...)
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  14.  18
    Studies in the Ontology of Reinhardt Grossmann.Javier Cumpa (ed.) - 2010 - De Gruyter.
    Reinhardt Grossmann is one of the most sophisticated, knowledgeable and original contemporary metaphysicians. Although he was a student of Bergmann, he influenced the development of Bergmann's metaphysics considerably. No philosopher other than Grossmann defends perception to that degree against the persistent skeptical arguments. He characterizes his epistemological positions as radical empiricism and radical realism. By realism Grossmann mainly means the view that the material things we perceive exist. It is thus also an ontological position and closely related to his empiricism. (...)
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  15.  86
    Defending Realism: Ontological and Epistemological Investigations.Guido Bonino, Greg Jesson & Javier Cumpa (eds.) - 2014 - Boston: De Gruyter.
    The essays collected in this volume explore the fundamental issues of philosophical realism, including metaphysical realism. Do things exist and have properties independently of being objects of thought or perception? epistemological realism: Is it possible to know any part of reality in and of itself? and ontological realism: Are there universals?
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  16.  69
    The necessity of conceivability.Sophie R. Allen & Javier Cumpa - 2022 - Synthese 200 (2):1-18.
    In his conceivability argument, Chalmers assumes that all properties have their causal powers contingently and causal laws are also contingent. We argue that this claim conflicts with how conceivability itself must work for the conceivability argument to be successful. If conceivability is to be an effective mechanism to determine possibility, it must work as a matter of necessity, since contingent conceivability renders conceivability fallible for an ideal reasoner and the fallible conceivability of zombies would not entail their possibility. But necessary (...)
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  17.  18
    Armstrong’s Hidden Substantialism.Javier Cumpa - 2016 - In Francesco Federico Calemi (ed.), Metaphysics and Scientific Realism: Essays in Honour of David Malet Armstrong. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 133-138.
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  18.  53
    Editor’s Foreword.Javier Cumpa - 2013 - Axiomathes 23 (2):187-188.
  19.  30
    Editor’s introduction.Javier Cumpa - 2020 - Synthese 198 (Suppl 3):759-761.
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  20.  19
    Foreword.Javier Cumpa, Greg Jesson & Guido Bonino - 2014 - In Guido Bonino, Greg Jesson & Javier Cumpa (eds.), Defending Realism: Ontological and Epistemological Investigations. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 7-8.
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  21. Fundamental Truthmakers.Javier Cumpa & Otavio Bueno (eds.) - forthcoming - Oxford University Press.
     
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  22.  47
    Is Exemplification Absurd? A Note on Lowe’s Criticism.Javier Cumpa - 2014 - In Guido Bonino, Greg Jesson & Javier Cumpa (eds.), Defending Realism: Ontological and Epistemological Investigations. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 197-200.
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  23.  37
    Is there real emergence?: John Heil: The universe as we find it. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012, xiv+311pp, £32.Javier Cumpa - 2015 - Metascience 24 (3):377-379.
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  24.  23
    Phenomenological Realism Versus Scientific Realism: Reinhardt Grossmann - David M. Armstrong Metaphysical Correspondence.Javier Cumpa & Erwin Tegtmeier (eds.) - 2009 - De Gruyter.
    The two eminent metaphysicians Armstrong and Grossmann exchanged letters for ten years in which they discussed crucial points of their respective ontologies. They have a common basis. Both do metaphysics proper and not linguistic philosophy. Both advocate universals and acknowledge the key position of the category of states of affairs. However, they differ on the simplicity of universals and the nature of states of affairs. There is also a fundamental methodological disagreement between them. Armstrong accepts only the evidence of natural (...)
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  25. Categorial Ontologies: From Realism to Eliminativism.Javier Cumpa (ed.) - forthcoming - Routledge.
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  26.  52
    The Nature of Ordinary Objects.Javier Cumpa & Bill Brewer (eds.) - 2018 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    The metaphysics of ordinary objects is an increasingly vibrant field of study for philosophers. This volume gathers insights from a number of leading authors, who together tackle the central issues in contemporary debates about the subject. Their essays engage with topics including composition, persistence, perception, categories, images, artifacts, truthmakers, metaontology, and the relationship between the manifest and scientific images. Exploring the nature of everyday things, the contributors situate their arguments and the latest research against the background of the field's development. (...)
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  27.  10
    Table of Contents.Javier Cumpa, Greg Jesson & Guido Bonino - 2014 - In Guido Bonino, Greg Jesson & Javier Cumpa (eds.), Defending Realism: Ontological and Epistemological Investigations. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 5-6.
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  28. The Question of Ontology: The Contemporary Debate.Javier Cumpa (ed.) - forthcoming - Oxford University Press.
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  29. Un criterio materialista de fundamentalidad.Javier Cumpa - 2016 - Disputatio. Philosophical Research Bulletin 5 (6):297--305.
    [ES] ¿Cuáles son los habitantes fundamentales del mundo? Esta pregunta, tanto vieja como nueva, es acerca de la estructura fundamental de nuestro mundo. ¿Es nuestro mundo un mundo de sustancias ordinarias aristotélicas, de sustancias físicas lockeanas, de todos husserlianos, de hechos wittgensteinianos, de procesos de Sellars, o de conjuntos quineanos? Para distinguir el tipo de fundamentalidad metafísica en juego en esta discusión de otros tipos posibles de fundamentalidad, la llamaré de ahora en adelante «fundamentalidad del mundo». En este artículo quiero (...)
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  30. (1 other version)On expression: Essay on the categories of night and nightfall.Javier Cumpa - 2013 - Kriterion: Journal of Philosophy 54 (127):227-245.
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  31.  63
    Pessoa sobre la objetividad y universalidad del corazón: Un ensayo en epistemología de la creatividad.Javier Cumpa - 2010 - Anales Del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía 27:243-253.
    ¿Qué es el arte? es una pregunta común. Su respuesta, sin embargo, a menudo no lo es por diversas razones. Pues no es claro si la tarea de responderla corresponde propiamente al artista, al teórico del arte, al historiador, al filósofo, o más bien a la opinión ordinaria o no técnica. Pero esto no es todo. Puesto que hay diferentes edades del arte, escuelas asimétricas, siglos impares, distintas corrientes filosóficas, e innumerables Weltanschauungen, casi nunca lo considerado por una generación es (...)
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  32.  46
    “In One”: The Bearer Issue and the Principles of Exemplification. [REVIEW]Javier Cumpa - 2013 - Axiomathes 23 (2):201-211.
    Traditionally, the so-called exemplification or the relation between the particular and the universal has been one of the three central problems making up the classical problem of universals: (1) What is a particular? (2) What is a universal? (3) What is the relation between the particular and the universal? I used the expression “classical problem of universals” instead of “the problem of universals” since the classical formulation of the problem could be said to contain a questionable assumption, namely that substance (...)
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  33. Observation and Interpretation: the Problem of the Problem of Universals. [REVIEW]Javier Cumpa - 2012 - Metaphysica 13 (2):131-143.
    It is argued that a number of related influential contemporary solutions to certain problems of the “realism–nominalism issue” seem to depend on an interpretation of those problems rather than upon observations of things. The problem of universals is a case in point. Therefore, there is a problem of the problem of universals and it has to be clarified what the problem of universals is. A primitive or uninterpreted raising of the problem is the main pupose of this paper. In order (...)
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  34. Theory of Categories as Based on the Principle of Acquaintance: a Critique of Jorge J.E. Gracia's Methaphysical Neutralism. [REVIEW]Javier Cumpa - 2009 - Pensamiento 65 (246):1123-1131.
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