Throughout the biological and biomedical sciences there is a growing need for, prescriptive ‘minimum information’ (MI) checklists specifying the key information to include when reporting experimental results are beginning to find favor with experimentalists, analysts, publishers and funders alike. Such checklists aim to ensure that methods, data, analyses and results are described to a level sufficient to support the unambiguous interpretation, sophisticated search, reanalysis and experimental corroboration and reuse of data sets, facilitating the extraction of maximum value from data sets (...) them. However, such ‘minimum information’ MI checklists are usually developed independently by groups working within representatives of particular biologically- or technologically-delineated domains. Consequently, an overview of the full range of checklists can be difficult to establish without intensive searching, and even tracking thetheir individual evolution of single checklists may be a non-trivial exercise. Checklists are also inevitably partially redundant when measured one against another, and where they overlap is far from straightforward. Furthermore, conflicts in scope and arbitrary decisions on wording and sub-structuring make integration difficult. This presents inhibit their use in combination. Overall, these issues present significant difficulties for the users of checklists, especially those in areas such as systems biology, who routinely combine information from multiple biological domains and technology platforms. To address all of the above, we present MIBBI (Minimum Information for Biological and Biomedical Investigations); a web-based communal resource for such checklists, designed to act as a ‘one-stop shop’ for those exploring the range of extant checklist projects, and to foster collaborative, integrative development and ultimately promote gradual integration of checklists. (shrink)

Este artículo reflexiona sobre formas de acceder a la realidad social a través del uso de metodologías de investigación online que tienen características híbridas. Primero se dan algunas claves para la construcción y ejecución de grupos de discusión en un contexto online. Una de las características centrales de esta técnica es su composición híbrida, moviéndose entre lo que sería un grupo de discusión y un grupo focal. El paso de la mediación a la conducción marca fuertemente la transición de una (...) fase de grupos de discusión a una fase de grupo focal. Segundo, se reflexiona sobre Facebook y algunos posibles usos que se le puede dar a esta red social digital con la finalidad de llevar a cabo de mejor manera técnicas de investigación aplicadas al contexto online. En este sentido, se reflexiona sobre el avatar o perfil de Facebook en dos direcciones: para efectos de la composición muestral de un grupo de discusión online y como material que ayuda al análisis de las posiciones discursivas que tienen los sujetos estudiados. (shrink)

Journal of Philosophy of Education, EarlyView.

Handwriting is a complex activity that involves continuous interaction between lower-level handwriting and motor skills and higher-order cognitive processes. It is important to allocate mental resources to these high-order processes since these processes place a great demand on cognitive capacity. This is possible when lower-level skills such as transcription are effortlessness and fluent. Given that fluency is a value in virtually all areas of academic learning, schools should provide instructional activities to promote writing fluency from the first stages of learning (...) to write. In an effort to determine if teaching handwriting enhances writing fluency, we conducted a systematic and meta-analytic review of the writing fluency intervention literature. We selected 31 studies: 21 true and quasi-experimental studies, 4 single-group design, 3 single-subject design, and 3 non-experimental studies, conducted with K-6 students in a regular school setting. A total of 2,030 students participated in these studies. When compared to no instruction or non-handwriting instructional conditions, teaching different handwriting intervention programs resulted in statistically significant greater writing fluency (ES = 0.64). Moreover, three specific handwriting interventions yielded statistically significant results in improving writing fluency, when compared to other handwriting interventions or to typical handwriting instruction conditions: handwriting focused on training timed transcription skills (ES = 0.49), multicomponent handwriting treatments (ES = 0.40), and performance feedback (ES = 0.36). There were not enough data to calculate the impact of sensory-motor and self-regulated strategy handwriting interventions on writing fluency. The significance of these findings for implementing and differentiating handwriting fluency instruction and guiding future research will be discussed. (shrink)

There is an argument by M. Dummett about the relative priority of language as a social phenomenon. The first step is to explain how the speaker and the hearer have to know the same language, ceteris paribus. The second step is to show how the speaker's idiosyncratic beliefs depend on his knowledge of common language; the last step is to appeal to Quine's principle of translation between languages in order to have a language at all.

La paradoja de Moore es el tipo de absurdo de, entre otras cosas, la aserción de una oración de la forma �p pero yo no creo que p�. Propongo una explicación de la paradoja en términos del uso del pronombre personal �yo�. Más aún, recurro a un modelo del uso competente al que me referiré como modelo de la autorreferencia autoconsciente. A continuación, muestro que la explicación introducida es independiente de otras explicaciones recientes basadas en la naturaleza consciente de la (...) aserción y de la creencia. Pero, además, concluyo que está justificado pensar que ni la aserción ni la creencia son de naturaleza consciente. (shrink)

We use this editorial essay as a call for a more effective use of new technologies, such as mobile apps and Web 2.0 tools, to educate students and other relevant stakeholders on business ethics, corporate social responsibility, and sustainability topics. We identify three overarching reasons that justify the need for new ways of teaching that further incorporate technology to foster the innovative thinking needed to tackle imminent societal grand challenges such as climate change and increasing inequality. First, we are facing (...) a new generation of millennials and Generation Z students who are digital natives and more likely to search for educational content on their electronic devices. Second, new technologies offer opportunities to reach students globally, helping to democratize education. Third, we posit that the intrinsic characteristics of societal grand challenges, which are complex, uncertain, and evaluative, can benefit from technology as an effective translator of multilayered concepts into more digestible action items. Our essay ends with a brief summary of the four essays included in the thematic symposium: “There is an App for that! The Use of New Technologies and Apps in Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability Education.”. (shrink)

How to Build a Better Human, escrito por el filósofo norteamericano Gregory E. Pence, resulta un soplo de aire fresco en lo que se refiere al debate bioético sobre la mejora humana (human enhancement). Consciente de que este tema es, sin duda, la cuestión del momento dentro de la bioética, Pence se propone elaborar una metodología, así como una propuesta, que se alejen de las de quienes simplifican demasiado la realidad del debate adscribiéndose a uno de los grupos que le (...) dan vida: bioconservadores y transhumanistas. Con ello trata de mostrar los errores lógicos y teóricos más comunes de ambas corrientes; por ejemplo, la tesis de que no existe diferencia moral alguna entre todas aquellas intervenciones e innovaciones tecnológicas cuya finalidad es mejorar las condiciones de vida de los seres humanos —conocida como “tesis de la continuidad” o del “esto-ya-lo-hemos-hecho-antes”, por usar la expresión de John Harris. (shrink)

Se describe en este artículo la situación actual de la flota oceanográfica y sus problemas de gestión y planificación. El buque Hespérides es objeto de especial atención, por su importancia en la investigación marina de nuestro país. Se pasa revista, asimismo, a los modelos de organización de las flotas oceanográficas de otros países y se hacen propuestas de articulación de las Ciencias Marinas en España.

El artículo resume la actividad internacional del CSIC a la largo de los últimos veinticinco años y destaca sus logros más importantes. Su autor sostiene que actualmente el Organismo ha perdido relevancia en el área de las relaciones científicas internacionales, debido tanto a razones de organización interna como a la pérdida de autonomía que ha supuesto la creación del Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología.

The Air Quality Index (AQI) shows the state of air pollution in a unique and more understandable way. This work aims to forecast the AQI in Algeciras (Spain) 8 hours in advance. The AQI is calculated indirectly through the predicted concentrations of five pollutants (O3, NO2, CO, SO2 and PM10) to achieve this goal. Artificial neural networks (ANNs), sequence-to-sequence long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) and a newly proposed method combing a rolling window with the latter (LSTMNA) are employed as the (...) forecasting techniques. Besides, two input approaches are evaluated: using only the data from the own time series of the pollutant in the first case or adding exogenous variables in the second one. Several window sizes are employed (24, 28 and 72 hours) with ANNs and LSTMNAs. Additionally, several feature ranking methods are applied in the exogenous approach to select the most relevant lagged variables to feed the models. Results show how the proposed exogenous approach increases the performance of the prediction models. Besides, the newly proposed method LSTMNA provides the best performances in most of the cases evaluated. Hence, it constitutes an exciting alternative to standard LSTMs and ANNs to predict pollutants concentrations and, consequently, the AQI. (shrink)

The present analysis contends that in Revelation the message to the Church in Thyatira has a concentric composition whose axis is at verse 2,23b: kai gnôsontai pasai ai ekklèsiai oti egô eimi... . From this structure flows an exegesis which values preeminently the central role of Christ who discerns the inner motivation of each one's works in order to remunerate justly. Accordingly the message progresses from a present judgment on Jezabel, whose traits resemble roughly those of Babylon and the beast, (...) to a cosmic and kingdom-centered representation of those Church members who go on resisting evil and who ultimately prevail over both interior and exterior pressures and deceptions. Such a carefully constructed «letter» presents Christ, Jezabel and the loyal faithful with some typical characteristics of the second part of Revelation of which it may well function as its programmatic anticipation. (shrink)

Para centrar el lugar que ocupan las Bibliotecas y Centros de documentación en el Sistema de I+D, se resume la evolución de la política científica española desde los años cincuenta y se describe la estructura actual de este sistema, sus magnitudes principales y sus deficiencias.

Reseña de Turró Ortega, Guillem (2013) El valor de superarse. Deporte y humanismo.

Given current studies in moral psychology and following recent cases of wrong behaviour occurred in elite sporting events ? e.g. the racist chants scandals in the English Premier League or the events following Mourinho's poke in the eye scandal ? I shall analyse the extent to which supporters' brain make-up is determining them to behave in an ?unfair way?. Yet this paper is not just a work on descriptive ethics, but a normative ethics work. Therefore, once I have developed the (...) ?psycho-biological account of sports supporters?, I shall explore whether or not a more virtuous account of sports supporting can be drawn. In order to fulfil this normative task I shall appeal to the concept of ?fair play?. The common view of fair play defines it as ?the act of abiding by the rules?. However, my account of fair play is more complex and it is based on the moral principle of respecting others. This is the reason why fair play is not just something related to athletes but to supporters as well. To conclude, I shall sketch the boundaries of fair-play-based supporting behaviour in order to propose some policies or strategies that can help us to promote a ?healthy? and virtuous behaviour among fans. (shrink)

Una experiencia de Teatro en el IES Universidad Laboral. Muestra de Teatro Escolar Gijón.

In this article, I investigate whether states should regulate energy-drink marketing practices targeting gamers. Energy drinks are high-sugar, high-caffeine, non-alcoholic beverages that allegedly improve energy, stamina, cognitive performance, and concentration. First, I define what “gamer” means and identify the market agents that play a crucial role in the gaming community, including the energy-drink industry. In doing so, I analyze energy-drink marketing practices and explore calls for regulating them. Second, I draw parallels between regulation of energy-drink marketing and marketing of products (...) such as video games and comics with explicit violent and sexual content, tobacco, alcohol, and food high in fat, sugar, and salt. Third, I examine arguments to justify regulation of energy-drink marketing practices that target gamers. Lastly, I formulate an autonomy-based argument for regulating such marketing practices. (shrink)

Business Ethics: A European Review, EarlyView.

This study attempts to analyse the relationship between two key psychological variables associated with performance in sports - Self-Determined Motivation and Competitive Anxiety - through Bayesian Networks analysis. We analysed 674 university students/athletes from 44 universities that competed at the University Games in México, with an average age of 21 years (SD = 2.07) and with a mean of 8.61 years’ (SD = 5.15) experience in sports. Methods: Regarding the data analysis, first a CHAID algorithm was carried out to determine (...) the dependence links between variables, and then a Bayesian networks was developed. The validation of the BN revealed AUC values ranging from 0.5 to 0.92. Subsequently, various instantiations were performed with hypothetical values applied to the “bottom” variables. Results showed two probability trees that have extrinsic motivation and amotivation at the top, while the anxiety/activation due to worries about performance was at the bottom of the probabilities. The instantiations carried out support the existence of these probabilistic relationships, demonstrating their scarce influence on anxiety about competition generated by the intrinsic motivation, and the complex probabilistic effect of introjected and identified regulation regarding the appearance of anxiety due to worry about performance. (shrink)

This article seeks to highlight the role played by the verb πλανaν in John's Revelation and its implications for Christian spirituality. Meaning to «go astray, deceive, seduce», with deep roots in the O.T., this verb occurs eight times in Revelation, one in the section of the «letters» and seven in its prophetic part. Each recurrence is closely related to the most relevant negative symbols of the work: Jezabel, the dragon, the beasts and Babylon. Literary and exegetical analysis disclose the purpose (...) behind this particular use: to enable the reader to discern evil, not only in political power and civil society but also within the believing community. In this light, a brief look at some of St. Ignatius' key meditations shows strong influence from Revelation. (shrink)

Se trata de revisar el expresivismo respecto a emisiones de la forma "Creo que p". El expresivista sostiene que una emisión de "Creo que llueve" es una expresión, y no una descripción, de la creencia de que llueve. Se propone una variación del expresivismo según la cual una emisión así expresa la creencia consciente de que llueve, en el sentido de la teoría de la conciencia de Brentano: una creencia consciente de que llueve tiene el contenido de que llueve y (...) de que él mismo, el creyente, cree que llueve. (shrink)

En este texto analizamos el estudio que Bernard Suits hace del uso instrumental de la razón en The Grasshopper a través de su utopía. Para ello, analizamos el papel que juega la razón instrumental en la teoría del juego y en la utopía de Suits. Luego, comparamos el uso instrumental de la razón con lo que denominamos «actitud lúdica». Esta última encarna la racionalidad lúdica que los jugadores han de adoptar para jugar al juego y vivir en el mundo utópico (...) de Suits. Para concluir, defendemos que la actitud lúdica ofrece una alternativa a la predominancia del uso instrumental de la razón en nuestra sociedad. (shrink)

We argue that an unqualified use of the term solidarity in public health is not only equivocal but problematic toward the ends of public health. The term may be deployed normatively by public health advocates to strengthen the bonds among public health practitioners and refer to an ideal society in which the importance of interdependence among members ought to be acknowledged throughout the polity. We propose an important distinction between partisan solidarity and societal solidarity. Because any moralized belief in a (...) vision of a broad societal solidarity will be a contested political ideal, political reality would limit solidarity based on such a vision to partisan solidarity. An idealized vision of societal solidarity is simply not politically feasible in pluralistic, liberal, democratic societies. However, although societal solidarity is unlikely with respect to any particular policy, it might be hoped for with respect to constitutional procedures that provide boundaries for the agon of the political process. We suggest that moralizing assertions of a solidaristic ideal in a pluralistic society might be counterproductive to generating the political support necessary for public health per se and establishing legitimate public health policy. A pragmatic political approach would be for public health advocates to generate sufficient strong political support for those public health policies that are most amenable to the political and social realities of a time and place. (shrink)

En este artículo, intentaré explicar que los programadores de televisión no realizan su trabajo de una forma aleatoria y mucho menos que "los que programan no piensan". Como en cualquier sector laboral, en la televisión, en base a un estudio riguroso del escenario que día a día presentan las cadenas, los programadores colocan sus productos/programas de tal modo que tu cadena sea la más competitiva posible.

Resumen Los mensajes de Navidad del rey Juan Carlos I constituyen una de las pocas ocasiones en las que el jefe del Estado español se dirige a los españoles a través de la televisión. El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar estos textos emitidos por el monarca en el período de su reinado. Estamos ante unos mensajes que los pronuncia el representante de la institución de la Corona, pero que no tienen el correspondiente refrendo legal. Son costumbres y tradiciones (...) aceptadas por todos. El estudio se lleva a cabo desde la perspectiva del análisis del discurso y desde la semiótica de la comunicación, para poner de relieve cómo el texto es utilizado con fines ideológicos para consolidar la imagen de la Monarquía, a la vez que la estructura del Estado. Las figuras del ethos y de la auctoritas reales se ponen de relieve cuando se quiere afianzar la imagen del monarca y de la institución que encarna. Los mensajes siguen el modelo de la oratoria clásica y se utilizan como medio para comentar, persuadir y arbitrar un marco de convivencia en España en la que el rey juega un papel de moderador entre el Estado y la ciudadanía. (shrink)

In this article, we analyze the relationship between the main dimensions of organizational structure (i.e., formalization, centralization, and complexity) and ecological responsiveness in a sample of 109 firms in the European air passenger transport industry. Broadly confirming our hypotheses, the results show that high formalization of routine tasks favors ecological responsiveness. Structures characterized by high decentralization and low complexity also favor ecological responsiveness. Furthermore, decentralization has a significant, positive relationship with ecological responsiveness among firms with low vertical complexity. Overall, the (...) results indicate that organizational structure plays a major role in ecological responsiveness. (shrink)