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John Biro [41]John I. Biro [6]John Ivan Biro [3]
  1. Epistemic Normativity, Argumentation, and Fallacies.Harvey Siegel & John Biro - 1997 - Argumentation 11 (3):277-292.
    In Biro and Siegel we argued that a theory of argumentation mustfully engage the normativity of judgments about arguments, and we developedsuch a theory. In this paper we further develop and defend our theory.
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  2. In Defense of the Objective Epistemic Approach to Argumentation.John Biro & Harvey Siegel - 2006 - Informal Logic 26 (1):91-101.
    In this paper we defend a particular version of the epistemic approach to argumentation. We advance some general considerations in favor of the approach and then examine the ways in which different versions of it play out with respect to the theory of fallacies, which we see as central to an understanding of argumentation. Epistemic theories divide into objective and subjective versions. We argue in favor of the objective version, showing that it provides a better account than its subjectivist rival (...)
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  3.  91
    Are There Scattered Objects?John Biro - 2017 - Metaphysica 18 (2).
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  4.  85
    Constitution and Identity.John Biro - 2018 - Erkenntnis 83 (6):1127-1138.
    A widely held view has it that sometimes there is more than one thing in exactly the same place, as is the case, allegedly, with a clay statue. There is the statue, but there also is a piece of clay—both obviously in the same place yet distinct in virtue of their differing properties, if only modal ones. Those holding this view—pluralists—often describe the relation between such objects as one of constitution, with the piece of clay being said to constitute the (...)
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  5. Hume's new science of the mind.John Biro - 1993 - In David Fate Norton & Jacqueline Taylor (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Hume. New York: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  6. (1 other version)Consciousness and subjectivity.John I. Biro - 1991 - Philosophical Issues 1:113-133.
  7.  71
    The pragma-dialectician’s dilemma: Reply to Garssen and van Laar.Harvey Siegel & John Biro - 2010 - Informal Logic 30 (4):457-480.
    Garssen and van Laar in effect concede our main criticism of the pragma-dialectical approach. The criticism is that the conclusions of arguments can be ‘P-D reasonable’ yet patently unreasonable, epistemically speaking. The concession consists in the claim that the theory “remains restricted to the investigation of standpoints in the light of particular sets of starting points” which are “up to individual disputants to create” and the admission that all the relevant terms of normative appraisal have been redefined. We also discuss (...)
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  8.  93
    Saving the Ship.John Biro - 2017 - European Journal of Analytic Philosophy 13 (2):43-54.
    In defending the startling claim that that there are no artifacts, indeed, no inanimate material objects of the familiar sort, Peter van Inwagen has argued that truths about such putative objects can be paraphrased as truths that do not make essential reference to them and that we should endorse only the ontological commitments of the paraphrase. In this note I argue that the paraphrases van Inwagen recommends cannot meet his condition. Read one way, they lose us some truths. Read another, (...)
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  9.  33
    “Dogmatism” and Dogmatism.John Biro - 2024 - Episteme 21 (2):540-544.
    The so-called paradox of dogmatism has it that it seems that one is both entitled and not entitled to ignore evidence against what one knows. By knowing something, one knows it to be true, and one also knows that there can be no non-misleading evidence against what is true. But to ignore evidence against what one believes – and, surely, one believes what one knows – is to be dogmatic, something one should not be. I argue that there is no (...)
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  10.  74
    What is Evidence of Evidence Evidence of?Fabio Lampert & John Biro - 2017 - Logos and Episteme 8 (2):195-206.
    Richard Feldman’s well-known principle about disagreement and evidence – usually encapsulated in the slogan, ‘evidence of evidence is evidence’, (EEE) – invites the question, what should a rational believer do when faced by such evidence, especially when the disagreement is with an epistemic peer? The question has been the subject of much controversy. However, it has been recently suggested both that the principle is subject to counterexamples and that it is trivial. If either is the case, the question of what (...)
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  11.  57
    (1 other version)Argumentation, Arguing, and Arguments.John Biro & Harvey Siegel - 2011 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 26 (3):279-287.
    ABSTRACT: While we applaud several aspects of Lilian Bermejo-Luque's novel theory of argumentation and especially welcome its epistemological dimensions, in this discussion we raise doubts about her conception of argumentation, her account of argumentative goodness, and her treatments of the notion of “giving reasons” and of justification.RESUMEN: Aunque aprobamos varios aspectos de la nueva teoría de la argumentación propuesta por Lilian Bermejo Luque y, en particular, su dimensión epistemológica, en este debate planteamos algunas dudas sobre su concepción de la argumentación, (...)
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  12. Spinoza: Metaphysical Themes.Olli Koistinen & John Biro - 2004 - Philosophical Quarterly 54 (217):627-628.
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  13. A point of view on points of view.John Biro - 2006 - Philosophical Psychology 19 (1):3-12.
    A number of writers have deployed the notion of a point of view as a key to the allegedly theory-resistant subjective aspect of experience. I examine that notion more closely than is usually done and find that it cannot support the anti-objectivist's case. Experience may indeed have an irreducibly subjective aspect, but the notion of a point of view cannot be used to show that it does.
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  14. ‘Peer Disagreement’ and Evidence of Evidence.John Biro & Fabio Lampert - 2018 - Logos and Episteme 9 (4):379-402.
    What the rational thing to do in the face of disagreement by an epistemic peer is has been much discussed recently. Those who think that a peer’s disagreement is itself evidence against one’s belief, as many do, are committed to a special form of epistemic dependence. If such disagreement is really evidence, it seems reasonable to take it into account and to adjust one’s belief accordingly. But then it seems that the belief one ends up with depends, in part, on (...)
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  15. Non-Pickwickian Belief and 'the Gettier Problem'.John Biro - 2017 - Logos and Episteme 8 (1):47-69.
    That in Gettier's alleged counterexamples to the traditional analysis of knowledge as justified true belief the belief condition is satisfied has rarely been questioned. Yet there is reason to doubt that a rational person would come to believe what Gettier's protagonists are said to believe in the way they are said to have come to believe it. If they would not, the examples are not counter-examples to the traditional analysis. I go on to discuss a number of examples inspired by (...)
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  16.  10
    Mind, Brain, and Function: Essays in the Philosophy of Mind.John Ivan Biro & Robert W. Shahan (eds.) - 1982 - Oklahoma University Press.
    With the discovery in 1995 of the first planet orbiting another star, we know that planets are not unique to our own Solar System. For centuries, humanity has wondered whether we are alone in the Universe. We are now finally one step closer to knowing the answer. The quest for exoplanets is an exciting one, because it holds the possibility that one day we might find life elsewhere in the Universe, born in the light of another sun. Written from the (...)
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  17.  53
    Spinoza: Metaphysical Themes.Olli Koistinen & John Ivan Biro (eds.) - 2002 - New York: Oup Usa.
    This collection of previously unpublished essays on Spinoza provides a representative sample of new and interesting research on the philosopher. Spinoza's philosophy still has an underserved reputation for being obscure and incomprehensible. In these chapters, Spinoza is seen mostly as a metaphysician who tried to pave the way for the new science. The essays investigate several themes, notably Spinoza's monism, the nature of the individual, the relation between mind and body, and his place in 17th century philosophy including his relation (...)
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  18.  88
    In defense of social content.John Biro - 1992 - Philosophical Studies 67 (3):277-93.
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  19.  31
    Rearranging the Furniture.John Biro - 2020 - Philosophia 48 (1):77-81.
    According to Peter van Inwagen, there are, from the point of view of serious metaphysics, no composites, only simples. Saying that we have built a ship is a misleading way of saying that we have rearranged some simples ship- wise. However, the notion of rearranging simples is problematic, and van Inwagen’s resort to “honorary simples” does not make it less so. Simples can be rearranged only by way of rearranging these, making talk of them not merely a convenient facon de (...)
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  20. Are there more than minimal a priori limits on irrationality?John I. Biro & Kirk A. Ludwig - 1994 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 72 (1):89-102.
    Our concern in this paper is with the question of how irrational an intentional agent can be, and, in particular, with an argument Stephen Stich has given for the claim that there are only very minimal a priori requirements on the rationality of intentional agents. The argument appears in chapter 2 of The Fragmentation of Reason.1 Stich is concerned there with the prospects for the ‘reform-minded epistemologist’. If there are a priori limits on how irrational we can be, there are (...)
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  21.  61
    Persistence Conditions and Identity.John Biro - 2019 - Metaphysica 20 (1):73-82.
    Pluralists believe that there are cases of distinct but spatio-temporally coinciding things. The statue goes, the piece of clay remains: differing persistence conditions, different things. Yet while both are with us, they are obviously in the same place. The argument rests on two assumptions: that statues have their shape essentially and that pieces of clay do not. Only if we make both does the conclusion follow. Here I suggest that while both assumptions are plausible on their face, each may be (...)
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  22.  8
    Speech Acts and Reasonableness in Pragma-Dialectics.John Biro & Harvey Siegel - 2024 - Topoi 43 (4):1287-1294.
    We begin by explaining why formulating the pragma-dialectical (henceforth PD) account of argumentation in terms of some central notions of speech act theory, as Frans van Eemeren and Ton van Haaften (Argumentation 37:341–376, 2023) propose, fails. We go on to suggest that this failure reveals a deeper problem with the theory, one that makes it impossible for it to meet what van Eemeren and van Haaften recognize as the most important requirement for it. They say “The crucial problem in the (...)
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  23.  71
    Clocks, Evidence, and the “Truth-Maker Solution”.John Biro - 2014 - Acta Analytica 29 (3):377-381.
    Adrian Heathcote and I agree that a stopped clock does not show—as the adage has it—the right time twice a day, but he thinks, as I do not, that it does show what time it stopped. To think that it does is to treat the position of its hands as evidence of its stopping at the time it did. Add to the justified-true-belief analysis of knowledge the requirement that the evidence on the basis of which the believer is justified be (...)
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  24. Persons as corporate entities and corporations as persons.John I. Biro - 1981 - Nature and System 3 (September):173-80.
  25.  38
    A logically transparent approach to discourse reporting.Corey Washington & John Biro - 2001 - Mind and Language 16 (2):146–172.
    In this essay we develop a theory of discourse reports. The theory provides a common set of structural and interpretive principles that together account for the truth conditions of direct, indirect and mixed reports. A distinguishing feature of our view is the assumption that the complement sentence of a report divides exclusively and exhaustively into regions that characterize the content of the reported utterance and regions that characterize the form of the utterance. This assumption implies that mixed reports do not (...)
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  26. What is 'that?'.John Biro - 2011 - Analysis 71 (4):651 - 653.
    Davidson's paratactic account of indirect speech exploits the fact that ‘that’ can be either a demonstrative pronoun or a subordinating conjunction. Davidson thinks that the fact that it is plausible to think that it inherited the latter function from the former lends support to his account. However, in other languages the two functions are performed by unrelated words, which makes the account impossible to apply to them. I argue that this shows that, rather than revealing the underlying form of indirect (...)
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  27.  24
    Two Notes on Composition.John Biro - 2022 - Metaphysica 23 (2):445-454.
    If, as some philosophers maintain, there are no composites, we do not have to ask whether, as others hold, composition is identity. Here I argue that both groups are wrong: there are composites, and composition is not identity. I examine one argument for excluding composites from our ontology, based on their alleged causal redundancy. I give reason to think that composites are ineliminable in causal explanations of macroscopic effects. I go on to argue that the relation between composites and their (...)
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  28. Dretske on phenomenal externalism.John Biro - 1996 - Philosophical Issues 7:171-178.
  29. Consideraciones en torno a la pragma-dialéctica.John Biro - 2014 - Logos: Revista de Lingüística, Filosofía y Literatura 24 (2):193-201.
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  30. Conventionality In Speech Acts.John Biro - 1978 - Southwest Philosophical Studies 3.
    The question of the relative importance and precise delineation of conventional and non-conventional elements in speech acts was regarded as central in their analysis by Austin himself, and has continued to exercise subsequent writers on the subject.
     
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  31. Frege: Sense and Reference One Hundred Years Later.John Biro & Petr Kotatko - 1998 - Studia Logica 61 (3):433-439.
     
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  32.  15
    Intelligence, behavior and internal processing/Inteligência, comportamento e processamento interno.John Biro - 2007 - Manuscrito 30 (2):291-315.
    Ned Block has recently adduced some new arguments to show that “psychologism is true and thus a natural behaviorist analysis of intelligence that is incompatible with psychologism is false”. He introduces a thought experiment in which a machine is programmed to exhibit intelligent-seeming behavior and appeals to our intuition that such a machine is nevertheless not really inteligent; he traces that intuition to the fact that the machine is being thought of as operating with internal processes that, first, lack a (...)
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  33.  31
    In Memoriam.John I. Biro - 1982 - Philosophical Topics 13 (9999):211-211.
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  34.  33
    Leading a Double Life: Statues and Pieces of Clay.John Biro - 2020 - Metaphysica 21 (2):273-277.
    Some philosophers think that two distinct things can occupy exactly the same region of space, as with a statue and a piece of clay. Others think that the statue and the piece of clay are identical, but not necessarily so. I argue that Alan Gibbard’s well-known story of Goliath and Lumpl does not support either of these claims. Not the first, as there is independent reason to think that it cannot be true. Not the second, because there is no need (...)
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  35.  57
    Meaning, translation and interpretation.John Biro - 1981 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 59 (3):267 – 282.
  36.  24
    Reply to Forrai: No Reprieve for Gettier “Beliefs”.John Biro - 2019 - Logos and Episteme 10 (3):327-331.
    In a recent paper in this journal, Gabor Forrai offers ways to resist my argument that in so-called Gettier cases the belief condition is not, as is commonly assumed, satisfied. He argues that I am mistaken in taking someone's reluctance to assert a proposition he knows follows from a justified belief on finding the latter false as evidence that he does not believe it, as such reluctance may be explained in other ways. While this may be true, I show that (...)
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  37.  19
    The Neo-Fregean Argument.John Biro - 1995 - In Petr Kotatko & John Biro (eds.), Frege: Sense and Reference one Hundred Years later. Dordrecht, Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 185--206.
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  38.  1
    Causal Cognition - A Multidsciplinary Debate, edited by Dan Sperber, David Premack and Ann James Premack.John Dillon, Daniela M. Bailer-Jones, Iseult Honohan, Brian Martine, John Biro, Christopher Adair-Toteff, Timothy O'Connor, Victor E. Taylor, Richard Rumana, Eileen Brennan & Julia Tanney - unknown
    The Morality of Happiness By Julia Annas, Oxford University Press, 1993. Pp. x + 502. ISBN 0–19–507999‐X. £45.00 (hbk), £13.99 (pbk).Dimensions of Creativity By Margaret A. Boden (ed.) MIT Press, 1994. Pp. 242. ISBN 0–262–02368–7. £24.95.Thomas Hobbes and the Science of Moral Virtue By David Boonin‐Vail, Cambridge University Press, 1994. Pp. 219. ISBN 0–521–46209–6. £37.50.Reason and Rhetoric in the Philosophy of Hobbes By Quentin Skinner, Cambridge University Press, 1996. Pp. 477. ISBN 0–521–55436–5. £35.00.Being and the Between By William Desmond, State (...)
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  39.  9
    Spinoza: Metaphysical Themes.Olli I. Koistinen & John Biro (eds.) - 2002 - New York: Oxford University Press USA.
    This collection of previously unpublished essays on Spinoza provides a sample of new and interesting research on the philosopher. The essays investigate such themes as Spinoza's monism, the nature of the individual, the relation between mind and body, and his place in 17th century philosophy.
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  40.  28
    Frege: Sense and Reference one Hundred Years later.Petr Kotatko & John Biro (eds.) - 1995 - Dordrecht, Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
    Gottlob Frege's brief article Uber Sinn und Bedeutung (On Sense and Reference) has come to be seen, in the century since its publication in 1892, as one of the seminal texts of analytic philosophy. It, along with the rest of Frege's writings on logic and mathematics, came to mark out a whole new domain of inquiry and to set the agenda for it. This volume bears witness to the continuing importance and influence of that agenda. It contains original papers written (...)
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  41.  64
    Rationality, Reasonableness, and Critical Rationalism: Problems with the Pragma-dialectical View. [REVIEW]Harvey Siegel & John Biro - 2008 - Argumentation 22 (2):191-203.
    A major virtue of the Pragma-Dialectical theory of argumentation is its commitment to reasonableness and rationality as central criteria of argumentative quality. However, the account of these key notions offered by the originators of this theory, Frans van Eemeren and Rob Grootendorst, seems to us problematic in several respects. In what follows we criticize that account and suggest an alternative, offered elsewhere, that seems to us to be both independently preferable and more in keeping with the epistemic approach to arguments (...)
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  42. The Editor and the Associate Editors thank the Consulting Editors, the Members of the Editorial Board and the following philosophers for their help with refereeing papers during the period July 1994 to June 1995. Adeney, Douglas Kennett, Jeanette Agar, Nicholas Lamarque, Peter. [REVIEW]David Armstrong, Rae Langton, Robert Audi, Jerrold Levinson, John Bacon, David Lewis, Rick Benitez, Gary Malinas, John Biro & Jeff Malpas - 1995 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 73 (4).
     
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  43.  67
    Review of Angela Coventry, Hume's Theory of Causation: A Quasi-Realist Interpretation[REVIEW]John Biro - 2007 - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2007 (4).
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  44.  23
    Guttorm Fløistad, G. H. Wright (eds.), Contemporary Philosophy: A New Survey. Vol. 1: Philosophy of Language / Philosophical Logic[REVIEW]John Biro - 1988 - Dialectica 42 (1):73-76.
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  45.  13
    Saying and Understanding. [REVIEW]John I. Biro - 1976 - Southwestern Journal of Philosophy 7 (3):186-189.
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