5 found
Order:
  1.  45
    Miserliness in human cognition: the interaction of detection, override and mindware.Keith E. Stanovich - 2018 - Thinking and Reasoning 24 (4):423-444.
    ABSTRACTHumans are cognitive misers because their basic tendency is to default to processing mechanisms of low computational expense. Such a tendency leads to suboptimal outcomes in certain types of hostile environments. The theoretical inferences made from correct and incorrect responding on heuristics and biases tasks have been overly simplified, however. The framework developed here traces the complexities inherent in these tasks by identifying five processing states that are possible in most heuristics and biases tasks. The framework also identifies three possible (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   41 citations  
  2.  97
    Cognitive ability and variation in selection task performance.Keith E. Stanovich & Richard F. West - 1998 - Thinking and Reasoning 4 (3):193-230.
    Individual differences in performance on a variety of selection tasks were examined in three studies employing over 800 participants. Nondeontic tasks were solved disproportionately by individuals of higher cognitive ability. In contrast, responses on two deontic tasks that have shown robust performance facilitationthe Drinking-age Problem and the Sears Problem-were unrelated to cognitive ability. Performance on deontic and nondeontic tasks was consistently associated. Individuals in the correct/correct cell of the bivariate performance matrix were over-represented. That is, individuals giving the modal response (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   21 citations  
  3.  75
    Individual Differences in Framing and Conjunction Effects.Keith E. Stanovich & Richard F. West - 1998 - Thinking and Reasoning 4 (4):289-317.
    Individual differences on a variety of framing and conjunction problems were examined in light of Slovic and Tversky's (1974) understanding/acceptance principle-that more reflective and skilled reasoners are more likely to affirm the axioms that define normative reasoning and to endorse the task construals of informed experts. The predictions derived from the principle were confirmed for the much discussed framing effect in the Disease Problem and for the conjunction fallacy on the Linda Problem. Subjects of higher cognitive ability were disproportionately likely (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   12 citations  
  4.  11
    Conspiracy beliefs in the context of a comprehensive rationality assessment.Keith E. Stanovich & Maggie E. Toplak - forthcoming - Thinking and Reasoning.
    The recent intense interest in conspiratorial thinking is fuelled by the perception that belief in conspiracies is highly irrational. However, there have been few studies that have examined the associations of conspiracy belief with a comprehensive battery of rational thinking tasks that tap both epistemic and instrumental rationality. The Comprehensive Assessment of Rational Thinking (CART) provides an opportunity to do just that because one of the subtests on the CART assesses the tendency to believe false conspiracies. That subtest is in (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  5.  25
    A good architecture for fast and slow thinking, but exclusivity is exclusively in the past.Keith E. Stanovich & Maggie E. Toplak - 2023 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 46:e142.
    No doubt older work in the dual-process tradition overemphasized the importance and frequency of the override function, and the working model in this target article provides a useful corrective. The attempt to motivate the model using the so-called exclusivity assumption is unnecessary, because no recent dual-process model in the reasoning literature has rested strongly on this assumption.
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark