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Lisa Eckenwiler [22]Lisa A. Eckenwiler [11]Lisa Ann Eckenwiler [1]
  1. The limitations of "vulnerability" as a protection for human research participants.Carol Levine, Ruth Faden, Christine Grady, Dale Hammerschmidt, Lisa Eckenwiler & Jeremy Sugarman - 2004 - American Journal of Bioethics 4 (3):44 – 49.
    Vulnerability is one of the least examined concepts in research ethics. Vulnerability was linked in the Belmont Report to questions of justice in the selection of subjects. Regulations and policy documents regarding the ethical conduct of research have focused on vulnerability in terms of limitations of the capacity to provide informed consent. Other interpretations of vulnerability have emphasized unequal power relationships between politically and economically disadvantaged groups and investigators or sponsors. So many groups are now considered to be vulnerable in (...)
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  2.  94
    The ethics of bioethics: mapping the moral landscape.Lisa A. Eckenwiler & Felicia Cohn (eds.) - 2007 - Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
    Stem cell research. Drug company influence. Abortion. Contraception. Long-term and end-of-life care. Human participants research. Informed consent. The list of ethical issues in science, medicine, and public health is long and continually growing. These complex issues pose a daunting task for professionals in the expanding field of bioethics. But what of the practice of bioethics itself? What issues do ethicists and bioethicists confront in their efforts to facilitate sound moral reasoning and judgment in a variety of venues? Are those immersed (...)
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  3.  50
    Dealing With the Long-Term Social Implications of Research.Jeremy Sugarman, Dale E. Hammerschmidt, Christine Grady, Lisa Eckenwiler, Carol Levine & Alan Fleischman - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (5):5-9.
    Biomedical and behavioral research may affect strongly held social values and thereby create significant controversy over whether such research should be permitted in the first place. Institutional review boards responsible for protecting the rights and welfare of participants in research are sometimes faced with review of protocols that have significant implications for social policy and the potential for negative social consequences. Although IRB members often raise concerns about potential long-term social implications in protocol review, federal regulations strongly discourage IRBs from (...)
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  4.  33
    Displacement and solidarity: An ethic of place‐making.Lisa Eckenwiler - 2018 - Bioethics 32 (9):562-568.
    Drawing on a conception of people as ‘ecological subjects’, creatures situated in specific social relations, locations, and material environments, I want to emphasize the importance of place and place‐making for basing, demonstrating, and forging future solidarity. Solidarity, as I will define it here, involves reaching out through moral imagination and responsive action across social and/or geographic distance and asymmetry to assist other people who are vulnerable, and to advance justice. Contained in the practice of solidarity are two core ‘enacted commitments’, (...)
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  5.  88
    Global solidarity, migration and global health inequity.Lisa Eckenwiler, Christine Straehle & Ryoa Chung - 2012 - Bioethics 26 (7):382-390.
    The grounds for global solidarity have been theorized and conceptualized in recent years, and many have argued that we need a global concept of solidarity. But the question remains: what can motivate efforts of the international community and nation-states? Our focus is the grounding of solidarity with respect to global inequities in health. We explore what considerations could motivate acts of global solidarity in the specific context of health migration, and sketch briefly what form this kind of solidarity could take. (...)
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  6.  64
    Care for the caregivers? Transnational justice and undocumented non-citizen care workers.Zahra Meghani & Lisa Eckenwiler - 2009 - International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 2 (1):77-101.
    In recent years, the flow of undocumented labor from the global South to richer nations has increased considerably. Many undocumented women workers find employment as caregivers for the dependent elderly, whose numbers are burgeoning in affluent countries. Here we present a profile of undocumented non-citizen caregivers in the United States and delineate some of the key injustices they suffer. After identifying the causal factors responsible for the flow of undocumented labor from the global South to richer nations like the United (...)
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  7.  66
    Counterterrorism policies and practices: health and values at stake.Lisa Eckenwiler, Matthew Hunt, Ayesha Ahmad, Philippe Calain, Angus Dawson, Robert Goodin, Daniel Messelken, Leonard Rubenstein & Verina Wild - 2015 - WHO Bulletin 93:737–738.
    New mechanisms to ensure that counter ter ror ism ac t ivit ies do not contravene international law or ethical values and principles will require careful design. Apart from the ethical and legal grounds, there are good practical rea-sons to design more effective counterter-rorism measures. Preventable harms to population health contribute to mistrust and instability and undermine the stated objectives of the intelligence services.
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  8. Care worker migration and transnational justice.Lisa A. Eckenwiler - 2009 - Public Health Ethics 2 (2):171-183.
    Department of Philosophy and Center for Health Policy, Research and Ethics, George Mason University, 4400 University Avenue, MS 2D7, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA. Tel.: +1 703 993 1724; Fax: +1 5703 993 1555; Email: leckenwi{at}gmu.edu ' + u + '@' + d + ' '//--> . Abstract Here I consider the migration of health workers and propose a conception of transnational justice that can best address the concerns it raises, including the perpetuation of global health inequities. My focus will be (...)
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  9.  43
    Women on the move: Long-term care, migrant women, and global justice.Lisa Eckenwiler - 2011 - International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 4 (2):1-31.
    I argue that a particular epistemological approach, “ecological thinking,” helps to demonstrate that long-term care work is organized transnationally—through health, economic, labor, and immigration policies established primarily by governments, transnational corporations, other for-profit entities, and international lending bodies—to create and sustain injustice against the dependent elderly and those who care for them, and to weaken the care capacities of countries and their health systems, especially those of source countries. An ecological approach also helps to reveal the grounding of global responsibilities (...)
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  10.  23
    Hopes for Helsinki: reconsidering "vulnerability".Lisa A. Eckenwiler, Carolyn Ells, Dafna Feinholz & Toby Schonfeld - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (10):765-766.
    The Declaration of Helsinki is recognised worldwide as a cornerstone of research ethics. Working in the wake of the Nazi doctors’ trials at Nuremberg, drafters of the Declaration set out to codify the obligations of physician-researchers to research participants. Its significance cannot be overstated. Indeed, it is cited in most major guidelines on research involving humans and in the regulations of over a dozen countries.Although it has undergone five revisions,1 and most recently incorporated language aimed at addressing concerns over research (...)
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  11.  34
    Global justice and structural injustice: Theoretical and practical perspectives.Ryoa Chung, Lisa Eckenwiler, Jan-Christoph Heilinger & Verina Wild - 2021 - Journal of Social Philosophy 52 (2):158-161.
    Journal of Social Philosophy, EarlyView.
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  12.  37
    Real‐time Responsiveness for Ethics Oversight During Disaster Research.Lisa Eckenwiler, John Pringle, Renaud Boulanger & Matthew Hunt - 2015 - Bioethics 29 (9):653-661.
    Disaster research has grown in scope and frequency. Research in the wake of disasters and during humanitarian crises – particularly in resource-poor settings – is likely to raise profound and unique ethical challenges for local communities, crisis responders, researchers, and research ethics committees. Given the ethical challenges, many have questioned how best to provide research ethics review and oversight. We contribute to the conversation concerning how best to ensure appropriate ethical oversight in disaster research and argue that ethical disaster research (...)
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  13.  76
    Moral reasoning and the review of research involving human subjects.Lisa Eckenwiler - 2001 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 11 (1):37-69.
    : The model of moral reasoning used in Institutional Review Board review fails to uphold ethical ideals for research participants for it does not adequately acknowledge the particular context of research or of subjects, including their gender, their socioeconomic status, and the communities in which they lead their lives. The ethical review of research needs to take seriously the particularities of the research context as well as the situations of potential participants. A variety of conclusions are drawn for changes to (...)
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  14.  25
    „Alt werden im Paradies“ – Die ethischen Aspekte der Migration von pflegebedürftigen Menschen.Christine Bally-Zenger, Lisa Eckenwiler & Verina Wild - 2017 - Ethik in der Medizin 29 (2):133-148.
    ZusammenfassungSeit einigen Jahren erscheinen in deutschsprachigen Medien Beiträge, die einen neuen Trend in der Versorgung von langzeitpflegebedürftigen Menschen beschreiben: die Migration in ausländische Pflegeheime, insbesondere nach Thailand oder Ost-Europa. Diese Art der Migration wird kontrovers aufgenommen. Einige Medienbeiträge beschreiben diese Praxis u. a. als „Greisen-Export“, „gerontologischen Kolonialismus“ oder „inhumane Deportation“. Die Begriffe weisen darauf hin, dass diese Migration aus sogenannten High Income Countries in Low and Middle Income Countries aus ethischer Sicht problematisch sein könnte. Allerdings gibt es bislang keine wahrnehmbare (...)
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  15.  61
    Familiar ethical issues amplified: how members of research ethics committees describe ethical distinctions between disaster and non-disaster research.Catherine M. Tansey, James Anderson, Renaud F. Boulanger, Lisa Eckenwiler, John Pringle, Lisa Schwartz & Matthew Hunt - 2017 - BMC Medical Ethics 18 (1):44.
    The conduct of research in settings affected by disasters such as hurricanes, floods and earthquakes is challenging, particularly when infrastructures and resources were already limited pre-disaster. However, since post-disaster research is essential to the improvement of the humanitarian response, it is important that adequate research ethics oversight be available. We aim to answer the following questions: 1) what do research ethics committee members who have reviewed research protocols to be conducted following disasters in low- and middle-income countries perceive as the (...)
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  16.  15
    A Global Ecological Ethic for Human Health Resources.Lisa A. Eckenwiler - 2020 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 17 (4):575-580.
    COVID 19 has highlighted with lethal force the need to re-imagine and re-design the provisioning of human resources for health, starting from the reality of our radical interdependence and concern for global health and justice. Starting from the structured health injustice suffered by migrant workers during the pandemic and its impact on the health of others in both destination and source countries, I argue here for re-structuring the system for educating and distributing care workers around what I call a global (...)
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  17.  52
    A Response to Commentators on “The Limitations of 'Vulnerability' as a Protection for Human Research Participants”.Carol Levine, Ruth Faden, Christine Grady, Dale Hammerschmidt, Lisa Eckenwiler & Jeremy Sugarman - 2004 - American Journal of Bioethics 4 (3):W32-W32.
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  18.  39
    The Declaration of Helsinki through a feminist lens.Lisa Eckenwiler, Dafna Feinholz, Carolyn Ells & Toby Schonfeld - 2008 - International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 1 (1):161-177.
    This commentary was submitted to the World Medical Association on behalf of the International Network on Feminist Approaches to Bioethics. Our submission included a description of feminist research ethics, suggestions for specific revisions to the Declaration, and elements found in other international research ethics codes that are important from a feminist perspective. Our goals were to encourage the WMA to craft a declaration that: conceptualizes issues of vulnerability in richer and more nuanced ways, resists the influence of profit motives, and (...)
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  19. Introduction.Lisa A. Eckenwiler - 2013 - International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 6 (2):1.
    Worldwide, the aging population is growing by leaps and bounds, affecting all regions and most countries (WHO 2006a; Weinberger 2007). These changing demographics generate a greater need for long-term care, whether provided in homes or institutional settings such as assisted living facilities and nursing homes. The majority of those in need will dwell in developing countries. Most will be women. The current state of the dependent elderly and of long-term care systems around the world is, by all accounts, precarious and (...)
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  20.  43
    Ethics and the Underpinnings of Policy in Biodefense and Emergency Preparedness.Lisa Eckenwiler - 2005 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 14 (3):306-315.
    Given that, globally, health professionals' involvement in crises—especially complex crises where human action plays a contributing role—has risen to new proportions, emergency preparedness is an increasingly integral capacity of health systems. As the United States has come to see itself as vulnerable to violence, its leaders have begun to reorganize the country's health system around protection from terrorism and other health emergencies, upholding this as an essential element or “indispensable pillar” in their strategy for securing the homeland. Biodefense and emergency (...)
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  21.  24
    Attention to Difference and Women's Consent to Research.Lisa A. Eckenwiler - 1998 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 20 (6):6.
  22.  16
    An Ecostructural Lens for Health Ethics.Lisa Eckenwiler - 2022 - Hastings Center Report 52 (6):3-3.
    In this commentary, I describe an ecostructural approach to health ethics, which is grounded in a conception of people as ecological subjects and privileges place in supporting health and health justice. This approach sees people as dwelling in health ecosystems that can support or undermine health, and it situates us in social norms and processes, with a particular concern for structural health injustice. In patient care, an ecostructural approach can be operationalized by attending to conditions in the sites where birthing, (...)
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  23.  22
    A Missed Opportunity: The President's Council on Bioethics Report on Ethical Caregiving.Lisa A. Eckenwiler - 2006 - American Journal of Bioethics 6 (2):W20-W23.
    The issues are familiar to most in bioethics by now, through professional or personal experiences (or both). The rapidly expanding population of elderly persons who require care is raising critical...
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  24.  28
    Counterterrorism, Ethics, and Global Health.Lisa Eckenwiler & Matthew Hunt - 2014 - Hastings Center Report 44 (3):12-13.
    The intersection of national security, foreign policy, and health has been explored in a number of arenas, but little attention has been devoted to the ethical issues surrounding the global health impact of current counterterrorism policy and practice. In this essay, we’ll review a range of harms to population health traceable to counterterrorism operations, identify concerns involving moral agency and responsibility—specifically of humanitarian health workers, military medical personnel, and national security officials and operatives—and highlight two interrelated policy issues: the need (...)
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  25.  17
    Pursuing Reform in Clinical Research: Lessons from Women's Experience.Lisa A. Eckenwiler - 1999 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 27 (2):158-170.
    In a White House ceremony on May 16, 1997, President Clinton issued an apology on behalf of the nation for the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, a forty-year research project in which African-American men were deceived and denied treatment in order to document the natural course of syphilis. Reflection on this occasion can give us pause to take pride in the progress made toward more ethical research with humans. The President's apology is perhaps the most public of a number of recent events (...)
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  26.  33
    Refugees and others enduring displacement: Structural injustice, health, and ethical placemaking.Lisa Eckenwiler & Verina Wild - 2020 - Journal of Social Philosophy 52 (2):234-250.
    Journal of Social Philosophy, EarlyView.
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  27.  28
    The who code of practice on the international recruitment of health personnel: We have only just begun.Lisa A. Eckenwiler - 2009 - Developing World Bioethics 9 (1):ii-v.
  28.  4
    Wornen and the Ideal of Cornmunity in Clinical Research.Lisa Eckenwiler - 1998 - Social Philosophy Today 13:171-212.
  29.  9
    Why Not Retribution? The Particularized Imagination and Justice for Pregnant Addicts.Lisa Eckenwiler - 2004 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 32 (1):89-99.
    The Law is a grim, unsmiling thing, Not Justice, though. Justice is witty and whimsical and kind and caring.Rohinton Misuy, A Fine Balance;When the South Carolina Supreme Court upheld the conviction and twelve-year sentence of Regina McKnight, it affirmed that state 's commitment to bring the full force of the law to the punishment of pregnant women who use drugs. Prosecutors linked the delivery of Ms.McKnight 's stillborn baby to her use of cocaine, and argued successfully for a finding of (...)
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  30.  55
    Dale Jamieson , Singer and his Critics, Oxford, Blackwell, 1999, pp. v + 368.Lisa A. Eckenwiler - 2001 - Utilitas 13 (3):376.
  31.  21
    “Autonomy and solidarity: Bridging the tensions”: Celebrating the 15th World Congress of Bioethics.Vardit Ravitsky, Lisa Eckenwiler & Harald Schmidt - 2022 - Bioethics 36 (5):479-481.
    Bioethics, Volume 36, Issue 5, Page 479-481, June 2022.
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  32.  12
    Special Issue: IAB 14th World Congress.Vardit Ravitsky & Lisa Eckenwiler - 2020 - Bioethics 34 (6):560-561.
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  33.  24
    Research oversight through new lenses: the consortium to examine clinical research ethics.Jeremy Sugarman, Lisa A. Eckenwiler & Ezekiel J. Emanuel - 2002 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 25 (1):9-10.
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