El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal describir y analizar la percepción de Manuel Baldomero Ugarte sobre Estados Unidos. Ugarte fue literato y político, pero también fue un pensador interesado por los asuntos internacionales de América Latina. Evidencia de ello son sus propuestas integracionistas y antiimperialistas, en las cuales la presencia de Estados Unidos era evidente. Debido a lo anterior, se estima conveniente explicar qué pensó Ugarte sobre la nación norteamericana, y desde esa perspectiva, contribuir a la discusión sobre tan (...) trascendental intelectual latinoamericano. The purpose of this work is to describe and analyze the perception of Manuel Baldomero Ugarte about the United States. Ugarte was a writer and a politician, but it was also a thinker interested in the Latin America’s international affairs. Testimony of this are his integrationist and anti-imperialist proposals, in which the U.S. presence was evident. Thus, it is considered advisable to explain what he thought about the American nation, and from this perspective, to contribute to the discussion around this important Latin American intellectual. (shrink)

Este artigo tem por objetivo ampliar a compreensão daquilo que Michel Foucault definiu como a “função-psi” e suas influências na instauração do poder. Esse poder se refere ao desenvolvimento de um saber sobre o comportamento humano, cujo conhecimento foi e vem sendo utilizado pelo que Foucault chamou de “normalização” da sociedade. É também objeto deste trabalho buscar o entendimento do “poder disciplinar”, surgido a partir dos estudos do comportamento humano pela Psicologia, para entender como esses estudos promoveram a patologização das (...) experiências individuais. Assim, nasce o que Foucault denominou biopoder: um poder concentrado na figura do Estado e voltado para o gerenciamento da vida e do corpo da população. Um poder disciplinador e normalizador, exercido por meio de tecnologias políticas destinadas a inserir os indivíduos no aparelho de produção. (shrink)

Following Berwick and Chomsky, parameters are degrees of freedom open at the externalization of syntactico-semantic structures by sensorimotor systems. Within this framework, in Section 2 I focus on a case study concerning Northern Italian subject clitics, also raising the well-known question how to reconcile observable microvariation with the desideratum of a reduced number of parameters. Sections 3 reviews recent relevant models of parameterization, the Rethinking Comparative Syntax model and the Parameters & Schemata model. Sections 4–5 return to the case study, (...) taking the reductionist view that parameters may be just categorial cuts, such as the 1/2P vs 3P split, interacting with externalization and other general principles of grammar. (shrink)

Introduction The Brazilian national curriculum guidelines for undergraduate medicine courses inspired and influenced the groundwork for knowledge acquisition, skills development and the perception of ethical values in the context of professional conduct. Objective The evaluation of ethics education in research involving human beings in undergraduate medicine curriculum in Brazil, both in courses with active learning processes and in those with traditional lecture learning methodologies. Methods Curricula and teaching projects of 175 Brazilian medical schools were analyzed using a retrospective historical and (...) descriptive exploratory cohort study. Thirty one medical schools were excluded from the study because of incomplete information or a refusal to participate. Active research for information from institutional sites and documents was guided by terms based on 69 DeCS/MeSH descriptors. Curriculum information was correlated with educational models of learning such as active learning methodologies, tutorial discussions with integrated curriculum into core modules, and traditional lecture learning methodologies for large classes organized by disciplines and reviewed by occurrence frequency of ethical themes and average hourly load per semester. Results Ninety-five medical schools used traditional learning methodologies. The ten most frequent ethical themes were: 1 – ethics in research (26); 2 – ethical procedures and advanced technology (46); 3 – ethic-professional conduct (413). Over 80% of schools using active learning methodologies had between 50 and 100 hours of scheduled curriculum time devoted to ethical themes whereas more than 60% of traditional learning methodology schools devoted less than 50 hours in curriculum time to ethical themes. Conclusion The data indicates that medical schools that employ more active learning methodologies provide more attention and time to ethical themes than schools with traditional discipline-based methodologies. Given the importance of ethical issues in contemporary medical education, these findings are significant for curriculum change and modification plans in the future of Brazilian medical education. (shrink)

The paper aims at analysing the fundamental theoretical aspects of the latest book by Maria Cristina Bartolomei, La dimensione simbolica and at showing some possible paths of research it suggests in the direction of a hermeneutical perspective opened to the metaphysics. After reflecting about what the author of the book affirms regarding the vision of the symbol from ‘high’ and from ‘low’ and the relation which it has with interpretation and concept, the suggested symbolic character of thought is (...) analyzed in connection with the themes of analogy and paradox. On one hand, it is pointed out that analogy is related both to symbol (Ricoeur) and to concept (Gadamer) and it is inquired how it is possible to describe the relationship between proportion and proportionality implied with analogy. On the other hand, it is underlined how the original principle can be thought in our fallen situation not only by means of symbol and analogy (Bartolomei), but also in the light of symbol and paradox, understood as form of thought which recomposes the break between finite and infinite without removing the signs of it (Ciancio). Finally, it is inquired if analogy and paradox, conceived as critical and conceptual forms of symbol, can light up the relationship among mystical, symbolic and common experience which seems to characterize our existence. (shrink)

The exceptional pandemic due to the 2019 coronavirus disease has obliged all Italians to stay at home. In the literature, there are evidences that traumatic global events, such as natural catastrophes and pandemic, have negative effects on the physical and psychological health of the population. We carried out a survey to analyze the physical and psychological conditions of Italians during the pandemic. Due to the severe limitations in moving during the phase one lockdown, the survey was administered by internet. Results (...) show that Italians followed the provisions established by the Italian government to avoid contamination, but 43% of them declared to have suffered from physical symptoms, in particular migraine, sleep disorders, persistent exhaustion, and difficulty of concentration. They have great fear to be contaminated or that relatives or friends can be contaminated, and they actively take actions to avoid contamination. Participants declared that they had suffered a lot of inconveniences due to restrictions in their movements, and that their life habits were strongly changed. They spent their time at home in different activities, but their psychological well-being was strongly impaired by the lockdown. The level of anxiety tripled, in relation to the prepandemic period, and 30% of males and 41% of females declared to have severe levels of depression. Participants with high levels of optimism and hopefulness show a stronger resilience against anxiety and depression. In addition, there is a negative correlation between anxiety and depression and the five factors of personality. These results show that psychological diseases must not be neglected, and that people in lockdown do need support for their psychological health, also with the help of internet and communication technologies. (shrink)

O texto discute o apelo de Foucault aos corpos e prazeres como instância de resistência aos efeitos do dispositivo da sexualidade. Primeiro, abordamos a descoberta foucaultiana do dispositivo da sexualidade. Depois, discutimos a análise de Judith Butler sobre o modo como Foucault retratou o caso de Herculine Barbin, tomando-o como estratégico para a sua própria crítica à concepção foucaultiana da resistência. Para Butler, ao recorrer aos corpos e aos prazeres Foucault entraria em contradição com sua própria análise genealógica, pois sua (...) sugestão implicaria assumir a potência vital do corpo e do prazer como sendo anterior ou alheia ao dispositivo de poder-saber que produziu os sujeitos da sexualidade. No terceiro momento discorreremos criticamente sobre a análise proposta por Butler e argumentaremos que Foucault não tomou o caso de Herculine Barbin como modelo de resistência válido para nós, pois o entendeu como relativo ao dispositivo do poder pastoral. Finalmente, afirmamos que ao dissociar as práticas sexuais, os corpos e os prazeres do império do “sexo-desejo”, Foucault enfatizou o exercício de condutas sexuais como campo de experiências voltadas à transformação de si e dos outros, por meio da ampliação das relações entre os sujeitos. (shrink)

I testi biblici si guardano, rinviano l'uno all'altro, si citano si rispecchiano l'uno nell'altro, e il frutto di tale rispecchiamento precipita a formare nuovi strati testuali.

This article focuses on the centrality provided to auctores and texts as corpora, in the framework of Francesco Petrarch and the theory of imitation by the humanists. Initially, animal images from Petrarch and the humanists are analysed, as well as the paths of their diffusion. These were used to express the role of the model, the involvement of the writer, variatio, the election of stilus, and the questions sustained by Ciceronianism. Then, tree main methodological ways to study the relationship between (...) texts as corpora are presented: semiosphere, intertextuality, and reception theory. A critic view point regards static methodologies. Conclusively, the dialogue between Petrarch and Cicero, as text and corpus, is recalled in order to incorporate the auctores contamination. (shrink)

Este estudo tem como objetivo conhecer as concepções de homem presentes na bibliografia utilizada pelas disciplinas de Psicologia Clínica das universidades gaúchas. Com esse intuito procedeu-se, inicialmente, a uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as formas de concepção de homem ao longo da história da humanidade, chegando-se à Idade Moderna e ao advento da Psicologia como ciência. Através da análise qualitativa dos planos de ensino de 11 universidades gaúchas, pode-se inferir que a concepção de homem predominante na Psicologia Clínica, como disciplina acadêmica, (...) é a concepção própria da Psicanálise.This article aims to know the concepts of man that can be found in the bibliography used in courses of clinical psychology in universities of Rio Grande do Sul. As a first step, we went through a bibliographical survey about the ways man has been comprehended along history up to Modern Age and the advent of Psychology as science. From the qualitative analysis of the teaching plans of eleven universities of Rio Grande do Sul, it is possible to infer that the psychoanalytical concept of man is the predominant conception found in clinical psychology as an academic discipline. (shrink)

Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Para o filósofo inglês William Whewell, a multiplicidade de observações e o refinamento dos resultados alcançados no decorrer dos séculos, através de uma forma elaborada de indutivismo, nos permitem compreender a ciência progredindo rumo às verdades necessárias e universais, além dos limites do psicologismo e do ponto de vista particular. A intuiçáo ocupa nesse processo um papel crucial, o qual vem recebendo dos comentadores diferentes interpretações. O estatuto epistemológico da intuiçáo e em que (...) medida ela se insere no processo de descobrimento de verdades sáo questões que analisaremos neste artigo. (shrink)