The idea of ​​this very formulation of the topic arose under the influence of the words of Pope Benedict XVI, which he made in his message to the participants of the International Conference "The Second Vatican Council: Perspectives of the Third Millennium" held in Peru in 2006. The Pontiff called the Cathedral the most important church event of the 20th century and called for the correct interpretation of its documents. They have "the source of genuine renewal", which can be used (...) to answer the challenges of the Church and humanity in the Third Millennium1. A similar opinion was expressed in his interview and about. Michael Dymid: "It is possible to evaluate the documents, that is, the" transfer "of the Council, when we analyze how their" reception "took place. (shrink)

The paper is devoted to the problem of historical development of university community through the lenses of understanding of university mission. The authors undertake critical reflections of the scheme of evolution of university mission, which was elaborated by American researcher John Scott, as far as add some theoretical and methodological suggestions to this scheme. In this respect, typical for late medieval university mission of teaching and corporate based building of university community in the modern times are supplemented by the mission (...) of research. At the same time, university is incorporated in the system of arising nation-state as a tool for preparation highly-qualified bureaucrats for its apparatus. In postmodern times in the context of globalization and certain emancipation of the university from the state such aspects of university mission as the different forms of civil service or the third mission of university become more and more important. (shrink)

Student plagiarism and cheating have been at the focus of scholarly investigations for over two decades now, the discussion being conducted on the backdrop of the question of whether traditional didactics is suitable for Google generation students who supposedly think and process information differently. Using data collected via start-of-term questionnaires, a series of follow-up semi-structured interviews and a specially calibrated session on academic integrity, the present study looks into the students’ ideas on cheating, school work, internet use, studying habits and (...) understanding of academic integrity. The study aims to suggest (albeit tentatively) a holistic approach to teaching academic integrity in higher education taking into account the students’ perspective: an in-depth qualitative approach was used in the data analysis, evaluating students’ investment, engagement, motivation, learning habits, attitudes to cheating and plagiarism. The findings suggest a conflicted picture of the Bulgarian student: hardly taking the all-practical approach towards higher education, conflicted about the value of learning, this generation of students has little structure to their knowledge, they critically underuse ICT tools for learning and regard cheating as a commodity, unburdened by moral or ethical implications. (shrink)

We complete a study of the splitting/non-splitting properties of the enumeration degrees below by proving an analog of Harrington’s non-splitting theorem for the enumeration degrees. We show how non-splitting techniques known from the study of the c.e. Turing degrees can be adapted to the enumeration degrees.

The purpose of this article is to present the results of a contrastive study of the ideas of male beauty among Russians and Chinese. These ideas are studied culturologically, through the restoration of the relevant fragments of national pictures of the world. For this purpose, both linguistic and comparative-historical methods are used. Russian concepts of beauty are analyzed in the corresponding concepts in the Russian language, etymology and modern meanings, Russian epics, the reign of Peter the Great, the XVIII - (...) XIX centuries, the period of the Great October Socialist Revolution, the Stalinist period and the period of late socialism, modern ideas. To analyze the Chinese view of the subject under study, the corresponding hieroglyphs, lexical combinations, idioms, philosophical and aesthetic sources, and modern realities are analyzed. Such a multidimensional consideration of beauty in the Russian and Chinese pictures of the world caused the novelty of the study. Comparisons of Russian and Chinese are the main conclusion of the work: ideas about beauty are not just different, they are opposite. It is important to note that the image of the hero in Russian culture is a symbol of male beauty, and in Chinese, on the contrary, it is a symbol of a rude and unaesthetic person. The main oppositions are male/female, West/The East, rational/emotional — are characteristic of the Russian picture of the world, but they are not completely manifested in the Chinese ideas about beauty. The Chinese do not oppose, but combine what looks like an opposition in our culture. (shrink)

The article explores the concept of "conscience" in three language pictures of the world - Russian, French and Chinese. The study is contrastive, the results obtained are compared. The description of each concept is made according to a clear algorithm: the etymology of the word, the mythological roots of the concept, its compatibility are studied, the material connotation is singled out from the compatibility according to V. A. Uspensky, dictionary definitions are compared. The purpose of the study is to identify (...) the features of the representation of the concept of "conscience" in different cultures using the material of the semantic field in Russian, French and Chinese, then making a comparison in order to see similarities and differences in the worldview picture of different peoples. This topic is understudied, earlier there were no linguoculturological studies analyzing Russian, French and Chinese cultures, which is the scientific novelty of this work. As a result, a clear difference in the ideas of conscience in the three studied cultures was established. For a Russian person, conscience is an internal judge who punishes him when he commits an evil deed; for the French, conscience has no connection with power over a person, and even often yields to it; for the Chinese, conscience is a guide that a person can follow or deny. The results obtained will contribute to the establishment of mutual understanding between cultures, forming a kind of conceptual bridge. (shrink)

This paper deals with diachronic of rethink by the philosophy of modern times primordial existential problems of man, come down to European consciousness through their crystallization in the Bible, which was formed in the controversy with the pagan-magical desire to dominate man in the world. Bible ceases to be arch myth-poetical folk stories, it has mainly intellectualists nature and aims to organize reality of life on eradication of mythologist, strengthening a sense of the significance of their own real history of (...) the Jewish people and the nations that surround it as sacrosanct, a cautionary tale. A task knowledge of the laws of the Divine plan and the distinction between Good and Evil places in the centre of the world Deity becomes a breeding ground for Christian anthropocentrism that elevating man as the "image of God", seamlessly connects with theocentric situation, and it is different from anthropocentrism of ancient-Renaissance type, that really treats a person as theomachist and "ruler of nature", which is made later in the project Modern. That is, the latter is already present in the Bible in the "bound" form, and formed, in fact, in the bosom of the biblical worldview. This biblical rational concept was replaced by anthropocentric myth, utopian fantasies, mythologies of "secularized religion", the mythologizing of scientific knowledge and even revival of occultism. This situation makes the view look at the innovation and creativity of the project. (shrink)

The author examines the idea of "mind" in three linguistic pictures of the world - Russian, French and Chinese. The study is contrastive, the results are compared. The description of each idea is made according to a clear algorithm: the etymology of the word, the mythological roots of the concept, its compatibility, from the compatibility is distinguished real connotation according to V. A. Uspensky, a comparison of dictionary definitions is made. The aim of the study is to identify the peculiarities (...) of the idea of "mind" in the Russian, French and Chinese languages. The purpose of the comparison is to see the similarities and differences in the worldview of different peoples. Scientific methods of research are: comparative-historical method, method of generalization, method of semantic analysis. This topic is understudied, no linguocultural studies analyzing this idea in Russian, French and Chinese culture have been observed earlier, which constitutes the scientific novelty of the work. The results will contribute to mutual understanding between peoples, forming a kind of conceptual bridge, and will also be used in courses on regional studies, comparative studies of cultures, and in the teaching of the respective languages. (shrink)

We prove that a sequence of sets containing representatives of cupping partners for every nonzero ${\Delta^0_2}$ enumeration degree cannot have a ${\Delta^0_2}$ enumeration. We also prove that no subclass of the ${\Sigma^0_2}$ enumeration degrees containing the nonzero 3-c.e. enumeration degrees can be cupped to ${\mathbf{0}_e'}$ by a single incomplete ${\Sigma^0_2}$ enumeration degree.

Abstract3′ untranslated regions (3′ UTRs) of mRNAs have many functions, including mRNA processing and transport, translational regulation, and mRNA degradation and stability. These different functions require cis‐elements in 3′ UTRs that can be either sequence motifs or RNA structures. Here we review the role of secondary structures in the functioning of 3′ UTRs and discuss some of the trans‐acting factors that interact with these secondary structures in eukaryotic organisms. We propose potential participation of 3′‐UTR secondary structures in cytoplasmic polyadenylation in (...) the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. Because the secondary structures of 3′ UTRs are essential for post‐transcriptional regulation of gene expression, their disruption leads to a wide range of disorders, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Trans‐acting factors, such as STAU1 and nucleolin, which interact with 3′‐UTR secondary structures of target transcripts, influence the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and tumor metastasis, suggesting that they are possible therapeutic targets. (shrink)

У статті висвітлюються проблеми, пов'язані з вивченням радянською історичною наукою специфіки створення та діяльності органів місцевого самоврядування, що існували на території сучасної України з кінця XVIIІ - у ХІХ ст. Простежено процес вивчення дослідниками комплексу проблем, пов'язаних з організацією діяльності органів самоврядування грецької спільноти Ніжина та Північного Приазов'я, зокрема Ніжинського грецького магістрату та Маріупольського грецького суду. Визначено глибину вивчення зазначеної проблематики радянськими дослідниками та розширено коло питань для подальшого вивчення історіографії грецького самоврядування на українських землях.

This contribution takes a look at video-sharing platforms to highlight a popular entertainment format which consists in re-framing political discourse for the purposes of entertaining the audience and, at the same time, providing an evaluation of that discourse. Evaluations of political discourse uncover the role and importance imputed to it by those who are outside of the political system, but who are directly impacted by it, that is, the people. A sample of French-language data, collected from YouTube, is examined for (...) the categories of evaluation which are used by the authors, which are conjectured to represent the ideas ordinary citizens have about political discourse. Reframing political discourse carries these evaluations through offensive language and humor. Teasing out the relevant parameters of evaluation can provide a basis for understanding how regular citizens gauge political discourse. Appropriateness appears to be an important evaluation criterion pertaining to the characteristics of political discourse, occurring in a particular context. (shrink)

ABSTRACT Discourse Diversity Database (3D) is a corpus designed for clinical linguistics research. It consists of oral speech samples of three different genres: picture-elicited narratives, personal stories, and picture-based instructions. The sub-sections of 3D include recordings by Russian speakers from three independent groups: people with brain tumors before and after tumor removal, people with schizophrenia, and neurologically healthy individuals. This article is devoted to the description of the data collection, the annotation scheme, and the specific characteristics of each sub-section of (...) the corpus. (shrink)

Perceptual attention is essential to both thought and agency, for there is arguably no demonstrative thought or bodily action without it. Psychologists and philosophers since William James have taken attention to be a ubiquitous and distinctive form of consciousness, one that leaves a characteristic mark on perceptual experience. As a process of selecting specific perceptual inputs, attention influences the way things perceptually appear. It may then seem that it is a specific feature of perceptual representation that constitutes what it is (...) like to consciously attend to an object. In fact conscious attention is more complicated. In what follows, I argue that the phenomenology of conscious attention to what is perceived involves not just a way of perceptually locking on to a specific object. It necessarily involves a way of cognitively locking on to it as well. (shrink)

The article examines the cultural and philosophical and socio-philosophical significance of polycentric urban planning strategies in the framework of the historical process of urbanization. Network and polycentric urban planning began to develop in the 19th century, was associated with a new course for the conscious and planned development of cities and assumed an even distribution of public facilities and communications, the unification of urban space with connecting axes, the integration of transport and engineering infrastructure. These trends in urban planning were (...) caused by interrelated technological, economic, social and political factors, such as scientific and technological progress, the industrial revolution, rapid urbanization. The purpose of the article is to determine the social and cultural significance of urban planning strategies implemented in some European capitals of the XIX century in the context of the general process of urbanization. The scientific novelty of the article is determined by the correlation of the topic under consideration with the problems of modern urban structures. The article is based on an interdisciplinary, complex and systematic theoretical approach. A theoretical analysis of urban planning strategies and urban space development was carried out in order to identify the most promising and progressive trends in urban planning that anticipated the modern principles of urban space formation. The conclusions of the article include the characterization of the influence of polycentric urban development on the formation of a psychosocial environment and typical characteristics of the spiritual life of citizens. A review of studies on socio-cultural and philosophical problems of urbanism helps to identify the impact of polycentric urban planning, including on modern society, residents of modern cities. (shrink)

RESUMO O Discourse Diversity Database (3D) é um corpus desenvolvido para a pesquisa em linguística clínica. Ele consiste de amostras de fala oral de três gêneros diferentes: narrativas induzidas por imagens, histórias pessoais e instruções baseadas em imagens. As subdivisões do 3D incluem gravações de falantes de russo de três grupos independentes: pessoas com tumores cerebrais antes e depois da remoção do tumor, pessoas com esquizofrenia e indivíduos neurologicamente saudáveis. O presente artigo é dedicado à descrição do procedimento de coleta (...) de dados, do esquema de anotação e das características específicas de cada subdivisão do corpus. (shrink)

The article deals with the problematization of the study of the kon (unwritten rules) phenomenon. The functions of the unwritten rules (kon) are compared with the functions of the law. The constitution of social reality as a socio-historical process that establishes the basic categories of society's perception of its social existence is the object of research. The subject of the study is the poorly studied functions of the “kon” in the constitution of social reality. The methodology is held together by (...) general theoretical methods of typology and comparison. The study is built from the observation of the historical phenomenon of the horse to the disclosure of the heuristic potential of the concept of “kon” for describing the phenomena of modern life. The basis of the methodology is the theory of binary oppositions of culture by A.S. Akhiezer, reinforced the dialectical-dialogical pragmatic model of metacommunication R.T. Craig. The social functions of the horse remain poorly studied due to a certain way of configured research optics, concentrated on the laws governing the control of a single center of power by a poorly organized periphery. (shrink)

Трансформації соціальності як особливого виміру буття людини набувають самобутніх властивостей у суспільствах пізнього модерну, в період визначених класових та гендерних меж. У статті увага зосереджується на полеміці модерну з минулим і належним, на особливостях змін соціальності в контексті модерних та антимодерних рухів. Революційні зміни соціальності розглядаються крізь призму опозиції індивідуального і загального, модерного консерватизму і традиціоналізму. Специфічно модерними рисами соціальності є індивідуалізація та пошук ідентичності, які визначаються законами класу, приналежність до якого необхідно постійно підтверджувати. Модерній індивідуалізації протиставляється антимодерна особистість, яка (...) набувається в об’єднанні з іншими. Модернізм характеризується як тенденцією до роз’єднання, так і прагненням до солідарності, що наповнює соціальне буття утопічними очікуваннями або ностальгією за минулим. (shrink)

У статті аналізується потенціал наукових ідей представників Торонтської школи комунікації для дослідження сучасного релігійного дискурсу, особливістю якого є масовий характер та використання технічних засобів. Розглянуто діяльність школи у другій половині ХХ століття, ідеї її представників Гарольда Інніса, Еріка Хевлока, Дороті Лі, Едмунда Карпентера, які досліджували різні аспекти засобів комунікації. Особлива увага приділена творчості філософа та літературного критика Маршала Маклюена. Виокремлені головні блоки у доробку вченого, які можна ефективно застосовувати для дослідження масової релігійної комунікації: зміна форм комунікації визначає основні характеристики суспільної (...) взаємодії; мас-медіа активно впливають на творення сучасної культури; розвиток електронних засобів масової комунікації призводять до зміни суспільства і сучасної людини. Нову площину для аналізу релігійних мас-медіа становить думка про домінування засобу комунікації над її змістом. Радіо та телебачення створюють і формують актуальну релігійну комунікацію, яка є кардинально відмінною від класичних форм релігійного спілкування. Робиться висновок про вплив електронних мас-медіа на конструювання соціальної реальності, зміну способів передавання інформації у релігії, модифікацію самої релігії. (shrink)

For many centuries, religious beliefs, ecclesiastical institutes, and religious practices have dominated and radically influenced secular manifestations of social consciousness, social organization, and culture. Religion through the development of certain doctrines and religious practices and the church, not only as a sacred concept, but also as a social institution uniting the followers of a particular religion, are very important areas of our reality. Therefore, the impact of religion on the mentality is deep and diverse.

In any act of worship, the believer sees a symbolic hint of a supersensitive world. Thus, the sensualistic aesthetics of antiquity gives place to the spiritualistic aesthetics of today. Although not only the spiritualism of the cult attracts believers. They also like the richness of the ritual, which shines with gold, silver, precious stones and colorful marble. And when a person listens to church singing, he sees the glow of endless lights reflected by gold on mosaics, when he looks closely (...) at the images of saints and gospel scenes, then one feels on top of bliss. (shrink)

Book series "Ukrainska Biblioteka" is a cultural and national-educational project of the publishing concern of Ivan Tyktor "Ukrainska Pressa". It was a monthly addition to the newspaper "Nash Prapor" during 1933-1939. Generally, 80 names of these books were issued, which can be divided by the period of formation our state: the princely age, Cossacks and hetmans period, modern age. A separate unit - humour literatures and philosophical-psychological works. "Ukrainska Biblioteka" received from opponents a lot of criticism both positive and negative. (...) Many questions were caused by the rules standardization of printing whose purpose was to make the book more accessible to Ukrainian. Despite the censorship oversight, I. Tyktor was able to increased the amount of printed materials in the native language, and his publishing series found supporters among intelligentsia, bourgeoisie, peasants, young people who "required" not only popular literature, but also highly artistic works. The creative team of "Ukrainska Biblioteka" carefully selected literary novels for publication and spread works of little known writers. Most of them were first published and distributed among Ukrainian people. Ivan Tyktor published books which repeatedly won literary awards established by Galician civic organizations. These were works by H. Zhurba, Yu. Kosach, I. Olbrakht. All these novels disseminated Ukrainian diversity of our culture, helped to emerge into the treasury of human values, self-improvement, performed patriotic and educational function, helped to understand the place and role of our country in history. In this paper the author analyzes library repertoire, work of scientific and editorial team, artistic and compositional component of books and justifies their role in the national-ideological space of Ukrainian based on the literary stories, criticism reviews and notes on the pages of newspapers. (shrink)

In the process of studying the transformation and inversion of symbols, it becomes clear that the analytic context of socio-cultural axiology, which permits the identification of mechanisms for the formation of values ​​with the help of symbols, is of particular importance for the understanding of the symbol. Since the symbol is the sphere of the functioning of the unconscious, suggestive-emotional influence on a person, he is able to embody those values ​​and achievements that have not yet become the subject of (...) logical and rational knowledge. From the standpoint of history, the swastika is the most ancient and widespread of all graphic symbols. Traditionally, the swastika has a "light" semantic load. The use of this symbol by the Nazis made it the most recognizable element of the twentieth century. with a reputation directly opposite to its ancient meaning. "The Big Soviet Encyclopedia" directly says about the inversion of the symbol: "Hitler and the German fascists made a swastikas with their emblem. Since then, it has become a symbol. (shrink)

This article provides a detailed overview of the neuroscience of consciousness.

该书收入其论著6种, 主要包括《仪礼奭固》, 《礼器图》, 《周政三图》, 《天文图考》, 《经脉分图》等.

The work presents axiological aspect of tolerance formation under conditions when each culture comprehends its tradition uniqueness and strives to prove its competitiveness under globalization; basic features of tolerance have been outlined as well.

With technical sophistication and innovation in the field of medical science, a considerable proportion of medical diagnosis now rely on laboratory analyses, which emphasises the crucial role of laboratory physicians in patient care. Sustaining high ethical standards remains crucial in both clinical biochemistry and laboratory medicine, and several ethical dilemmas are faced by laboratory physicians in day-to-day practice. In a low-resource country like Bangladesh, formal ethics education or ethical framework in laboratory practice is still absent; ethics has not received that (...) much attention it this field. This paper has considered ethical issues encountered during the daily routine work of laboratory physicians and specially focused on the ethical issues encountered during the pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical phases of laboratory medicine practice and discuss those issues in light of ‘The Belmont Report’ (1978) perspective. It is not intended to be a comprehensive one, rather it aims to complement existing guidelines and documents that are available in some institutions and to offer a framework for addressing ethical issues encountered in the practice of clinical biochemistry and laboratory medicine in Bangladesh. (shrink)

本书以多元的视角讨论前沿文艺作品,从关注,对话,名家,锐评,艺海等多个板块共18篇文章展开对当代艺术的讨论,收录了浙江戏剧一度创作中存在的问题,深刻的真实,传统戏曲与现代多媒体技术等文章.

abstract Mou Zongsan used to say that in Western philosophy there exist three different traditions. The first is the tradition of Plato and Aristoteles, the second is the tradition of Kant and Hegel, and the last is the tradition of Leibniz and Russell. I am afraid, however, that this kind of interpretation is already outdated and incapable of encompassing the rich variegations of Western philosophy as a whole. In my view, the various options would have been exhausted by supplementing the (...) preceding list with the tradition founded by Husserl and Heidegger and the one set up by Whitehead. All of these traditions together encapsulate the most important domains of philosophy, such as ontology, epistemology, and axiology. In this article I closely investigate the epistemological thought of Bertrand Russell in order to find out whether it contains any aspects from which we can borrow and learn. (shrink)