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Matthew Stanley [41]Matthew L. Stanley [12]
  1. I’m not the person I used to be: The self and autobiographical memories of immoral actions.Matthew L. Stanley, Paul Henne, Vijeth Iyengar, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong & Felipe De Brigard - 2017 - Journal of Experimental Psychology. General 146 (6):884-895.
    People maintain a positive identity in at least two ways: They evaluate themselves more favorably than other people, and they judge themselves to be better now than they were in the past. Both strategies rely on autobiographical memories. The authors investigate the role of autobiographical memories of lying and emotional harm in maintaining a positive identity. For memories of lying to or emotionally harming others, participants judge their own actions as less morally wrong and less negative than those in which (...)
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  2.  34
    Analytic-thinking predicts hoax beliefs and helping behaviors in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Matthew L. Stanley, Nathaniel Barr, Kelly Peters & Paul Seli - 2021 - Thinking and Reasoning 27 (3):464-477.
    Confirmed COVID-19 cases in the United States increased exponentially, quickly leading to a pandemic in 2020, which created a serious public-health emergency. During the period in which the COVID-1...
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  3.  91
    Perceived similarity of imagined possible worlds affects judgments of counterfactual plausibility.Felipe De Brigard, Paul Henne & Matthew L. Stanley - 2021 - Cognition 209 (C):104574.
    People frequently entertain counterfactual thoughts, or mental simulations about alternative ways the world could have been. But the perceived plausibility of those counterfactual thoughts varies widely. The current article interfaces research in the philosophy and semantics of counterfactual statements with the psychology of mental simulations, and it explores the role of perceived similarity in judgments of counterfactual plausibility. We report results from seven studies (N = 6405) jointly supporting three interconnected claims. First, the perceived plausibility of a counterfactual event is (...)
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  4.  77
    Network Modularity as a Foundation for Neural Reuse.Matthew L. Stanley, Bryce Gessell & Felipe De Brigard - 2019 - Philosophy of Science 86 (1):23-46.
    The neural reuse framework developed primarily by Michael Anderson proposes that brain regions are involved in multiple and diverse cognitive tasks and that brain regions flexibly and dynamically interact in different combinations to carry out cognitive functioning. We argue that the evidence cited by Anderson and others falls short of supporting the fundamental principles of neural reuse. We map out this problem and provide solutions by drawing on recent advances in network neuroscience, and we argue that methods employed in network (...)
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  5.  13
    An Expedition to Heal the Wounds of War.Matthew Stanley - 2003 - Isis 94 (1):57-89.
    The 1919 eclipse expedition’s confirmation of general relativity is often celebrated as a triumph of scientific internationalism. However, British scientific opinion during World War I leaned toward the permanent severance of intellectual ties with Germany. That the expedition came to be remembered as a progressive moment of internationalism was largely the result of the efforts of A. S. Eddington. A devout Quaker, Eddington imported into the scientific community the strategies being used by his coreligionists in the national dialogue: humanize the (...)
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  6. Resistance to Position Change, Motivated Reasoning, and Polarization.Matthew L. Stanley, Paul Henne, Brenda Yang & Felipe De Brigard - forthcoming - Political Behavior.
    People seem more divided than ever before over social and political issues, entrenched in their existing beliefs and unwilling to change them. Empirical research on mechanisms driving this resistance to belief change has focused on a limited set of well-known, charged, contentious issues and has not accounted for deliberation over reasons and arguments in belief formation prior to experimental sessions. With a large, heterogeneous sample (N = 3,001), we attempt to overcome these existing problems, and we investigate the causes and (...)
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  7.  19
    No slaves to words: S. P. Thompson's theory of history.Matthew Stanley - 2021 - Centaurus 63 (3):489-498.
    S. P. Thompson developed a detailed theory of history in order to understand and explain changes in both science and religion over the centuries. This theory tried to take science and religion seriously as categories based on genuine aspects of human experience, and to understand trends that both brought them together and separated them. For him, the most important element of the practice of history was not “truth,” but rather “sincerity.” This required active reflection on the historian's own outlook and (...)
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  8.  91
    Changes in global and regional modularity associated with increasing working memory load.Matthew L. Stanley, Dale Dagenbach, Robert G. Lyday, Jonathan H. Burdette & Paul J. Laurienti - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  9.  38
    Emotional intensity in episodic autobiographical memory and counterfactual thinking.Matthew L. Stanley, Natasha Parikh, Gregory W. Stewart & Felipe De Brigard - 2017 - Consciousness and Cognition 48:283-291.
  10.  32
    Moral Values Reveal the Causality Implicit in Verb Meaning.Laura Niemi, Joshua Hartshorne, Tobias Gerstenberg, Matthew Stanley & Liane Young - 2020 - Cognitive Science 44 (6):e12838.
    Prior work has found that moral values that build and bind groups—that is, the binding values of ingroup loyalty, respect for authority, and preservation of purity—are linked to blaming people who have been harmed. The present research investigated whether people's endorsement of binding values predicts their assignment of the causal locus of harmful events to the victims of the events. We used an implicit causality task from psycholinguistics in which participants read a sentence in the form “SUBJECT verbed OBJECT because…” (...)
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  11. Prediction and Topological Models in Neuroscience.Bryce Gessell, Matthew Stanley, Benjamin Geib & Felipe De Brigard - 2020 - In Fabrizio Calzavarini & Marco Viola (eds.), Neural Mechanisms: New Challenges in the Philosophy of Neuroscience. Springer.
    In the last two decades, philosophy of neuroscience has predominantly focused on explanation. Indeed, it has been argued that mechanistic models are the standards of explanatory success in neuroscience over, among other things, topological models. However, explanatory power is only one virtue of a scientific model. Another is its predictive power. Unfortunately, the notion of prediction has received comparatively little attention in the philosophy of neuroscience, in part because predictions seem disconnected from interventions. In contrast, we argue that topological predictions (...)
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  12.  50
    Memory and Counterfactual Simulations for Past Wrongdoings Foster Moral Learning and Improvement.Matthew L. Stanley, Roberto Cabeza, Rachel Smallman & Felipe De Brigard - 2021 - Cognitive Science 45 (6):e13007.
    In four studies, we investigated the role of remembering, reflecting on, and mutating personal past moral transgressions to learn from those moral mistakes and to form intentions for moral improvement. Participants reported having ruminated on their past wrongdoings, particularly their more severe transgressions, and they reported having frequently thought about morally better ways in which they could have acted instead (i.e., morally upward counterfactuals; Studies 1–3). The more that participants reported having mentally simulated morally better ways in which they could (...)
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  13. The uniformity of natural laws in Victorian Britain: Naturalism, theism, and scientific practice.Matthew Stanley - 2011 - Zygon 46 (3):536-560.
    Abstract. A historical perspective allows for a different view on the compatibility of theistic views with a crucial foundation of modern scientific practice: the uniformity of nature, which states that the laws of nature are unbroken through time and space. Uniformity is generally understood to be part of a worldview called “scientific naturalism,” in which there is no room for divine forces or a spiritual realm. This association comes from the Victorian era, but a historical examination of scientists from that (...)
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  14. Remembering moral and immoral actions in constructing the self.Matthew L. Stanley, Paul Henne & Felipe De Brigard - forthcoming - Memory and Cognition.
    Having positive moral traits is central to one’s sense of self, and people generally are motivated to maintain a positive view of the self in the present. But it remains unclear how people foster a positive, morally good view of the self in the present. We suggest that recollecting and reflecting on moral and immoral actions from the personal past jointly help to construct a morally good view of the current self in complementary ways. More specifically, across four studies we (...)
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  15.  17
    Practical Mystic: Religion, Science, and A. S. Eddington.Matthew Stanley - 2007 - University Of Chicago Press.
    Science and religion have long been thought incompatible. But nowhere has this apparent contradiction been more fully resolved than in the figure of A. S. Eddington (1882–1944), a pioneer in astrophysics, relativity, and the popularization of science, and a devout Quaker. Practical Mystic uses the figure of Eddington to shows how religious and scientific values can interact and overlap without compromising the integrity of either. Eddington was a world-class scientist who not only maintained his religious belief throughout his scientific career (...)
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  16.  58
    The Pointsman: Maxwell’s Demon, Victorian Free Will, and the Boundaries of Science.Matthew Stanley - 2008 - Journal of the History of Ideas 69 (3):467-491.
    This article discusses the writings of the devout Christian physicist James Clerk Maxwell (best known for his epochal work in electromagnetism and statistical mechanics) on the concept of conscious free-will. To Maxwell a correct understanding of free will, as personified in the example of the railway pointsman, was essential to clear conceptions of both man as a religious creature and of the limits of science. Understanding human volition, then, was not an end unto itself. It was a foundation on which (...)
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  17.  49
    By design: James Clerk Maxwell and the evangelical unification of science.Matthew Stanley - 2012 - British Journal for the History of Science 45 (1):57-73.
    James Clerk Maxwell's electromagnetic theory famously unified many of the Victorian laws of physics. This essay argues that Maxwell saw a deep theological significance in the unification of physical laws. He postulated a variation on the design argument that focused on the unity of phenomena rather than Paley's emphasis on complexity. This argument of Maxwell's is shown to be connected to his particular evangelical religious views. His evangelical perspective provided encouragement for him to pursue a unified physics that supplemented his (...)
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  18.  70
    The Next Generation Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration: History, Philosophy, and Culture.Peter Galison, Juliusz Doboszewski, Jamee Elder, Niels C. M. Martens, Abhay Ashtekar, Jonas Enander, Marie Gueguen, Elizabeth A. Kessler, Roberto Lalli, Martin Lesourd, Alexandru Marcoci, Sebastián Murgueitio Ramírez, Priyamvada Natarajan, James Nguyen, Luis Reyes-Galindo, Sophie Ritson, Mike D. Schneider, Emilie Skulberg, Helene Sorgner, Matthew Stanley, Ann C. Thresher, Jeroen Van Dongen, James Owen Weatherall, Jingyi Wu & Adrian Wüthrich - 2023 - Galaxies 11 (1):32.
    This white paper outlines the plans of the History Philosophy Culture Working Group of the Next Generation Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration.
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  19. God and the uniformity of nature: the case of nineteenth-century physics.Matthew Stanley - 2019 - In Peter Harrison & Jon H. Roberts (eds.), Science Without God?: Rethinking the History of Scientific Naturalism. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
     
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  20.  28
    Modularity in network neuroscience and neural reuse.Matthew L. Stanley & Felipe De Brigard - 2016 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39.
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  21.  15
    A Few Hours a Week: Everett Mendelsohn as Teacher, Mentor, and Exemplar.Matthew Stanley - 2023 - Journal of the History of Biology 56 (4):615-619.
  22.  77
    From Ought to Is: Physics and the Naturalistic Fallacy.Matthew Stanley - 2014 - Isis 105 (3):588-595.
    In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries there were many attempts to justify political and social systems on the basis of physics and astronomy. By the early twentieth century such moves increasingly also integrated the life and social sciences. The physical sciences gradually became less appealing as a sole source for sociopolitical thought. The details of this transition help explain the contemporary reluctance to capitalize on an ostensibly rich opportunity for naturalistic social reasoning: the anthropic principle in cosmology, which deals with (...)
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  23.  57
    Making moral principles suit yourself.Matthew Stanley, Paul Henne, Laura Niemi, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong & Felipe De Brigard - 2021 - Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 1.
    Normative ethical theories and religious traditions offer general moral principles for people to follow. These moral principles are typically meant to be fixed and rigid, offering reliable guides for moral judgment and decision-making. In two preregistered studies, we found consistent evidence that agreement with general moral principles shifted depending upon events recently accessed in memory. After recalling their own personal violations of moral principles, participants agreed less strongly with those very principles—relative to participants who recalled events in which other people (...)
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  24.  20
    Albert Einstein, riddle ruiner: Milena Wazeck: Einstein’s opponents: The public controversy about the theory of relativity in the 1920s. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014, xxi+357pp, £65.00, $99.00 HB.Matthew Stanley - 2014 - Metascience 24 (1):123-126.
    One might be surprised at finding a protracted refutation of the theory of relativity in a turbine engineering journal. Milena Wazeck says we should not. Once we grasp the common threads among anti-relativity activists in the 1920s, she argues, it becomes clear why turbine engineering was a natural home for such ideas.Einstein’s Opponents contends that historians’ current understanding of the anti-relativity movement is obscured by the enormous shadow of the Nazis. Instead of reaching forward to the 1930s to explain the (...)
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  25.  19
    (1 other version)Einstein in Bohemia.Matthew Stanley - 2021 - Annals of Science 78 (1):131-132.
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  26.  17
    How scientists stopped talking about science.Matthew Stanley - 2011 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 42 (1):235-239.
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  27.  19
    Letter to the Editor.Matthew Stanley - 2003 - Isis 94 (4):678-678.
  28.  19
    Moral recognition for workplace offenses underlies the punitive responses of managers: A functional theoretical approach to morality and punishment.Matthew L. Stanley, Christopher B. Neck & Christopher P. Neck - 2023 - Ethics and Behavior 33 (6):505-528.
    There is considerable variability across people in their punitive responses to employee offenses in the workplace. We attempt to explain this variability by positing a novel antecedent of punishment: moral recognition. We find consistent evidence that identifying moral considerations and implications for workplace offenses predicts punitive responses toward employees who commit those offenses. Drawing on functional theoretical accounts of morality and punishment, we posit that people are motivated to punish others to the extent that they believe a moral offense has (...)
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  29.  25
    Predicting the Past: Ancient Eclipses and Airy, Newcomb, and Huxley on the Authority of Science.Matthew Stanley - 2012 - Isis 103 (2):254-277.
    ABSTRACT Greek historical accounts of ancient eclipses were an important, if peculiar, focus of scientific attention in the nineteenth century. Victorian-era astronomers tried to correct the classical histories using scientific methods, then used those histories as data with which to calibrate their lunar theories, then rejected the histories as having any relevance at all. The specific dating of these eclipses—apparently a simple exercise in celestial mechanics—became bound up with tensions between scientific and humanistic approaches to the past as well as (...)
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  30.  23
    Science, Christianity and Common Folk.Matthew Stanley - 2009 - Metascience 18 (1):135-138.
  31.  14
    Students’ Reasoning about Dilemmas in Business Ethics.Matthew L. Stanley & Christopher P. Neck - 2020 - Journal of Business Ethics Education 17:5-28.
    Ethics education has become a priority at many business schools. A common pedagogical strategy in business ethics education has been to encourage students to deliberate and reason about cases and dilemmas. However, relatively little is known about how students actually reason, by default, about business ethics cases and dilemmas. In a large-scale study with undergraduate management students, we investigate how students reason about ethical dilemmas in business. Our results suggest that, after making an initial decision in a dilemma, students rarely (...)
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  32.  44
    So simple a thing as a star: the Eddington–Jeans debate over astrophysical phenomenology.Matthew Stanley - 2007 - British Journal for the History of Science 40 (1):53-82.
    Theoretical astrophysics emerged as a significant research programme with the construction of a series of stellar models by A. S. Eddington. This paper examines the controversies surrounding those models as a way of understanding the development and justification of new theoretical technologies. In particular, it examines the challenges raised against Eddington by James Jeans, and explores how the two astronomers championed different visions of what it meant to do science. Jeans argued for a scientific method based on certainty and completeness, (...)
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  33.  15
    Strange Science: Investigating the Limits of Knowledge in the Victorian Age.Matthew Stanley - 2017 - Annals of Science 74 (3):240-241.
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  34.  16
    Einstein's Generation: The Origin of the Relativity Revolution. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2009 - British Journal for the History of Science 42 (3):470-471.
  35.  60
    Mysticism and Marxism: A.S. Eddington, Chapman Cohen, and Political Engagement Through Science Popularization. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2008 - Minerva 46 (2):181-194.
    This paper argues that that political context of British science popularization in the inter-war period was intimately tied to contemporary debates about religion and science. A leading science popularizer, the Quaker astronomer A.S. Eddington, and one of his opponents, the materialist Chapman Cohen, are examined in detail to show the intertwined nature of science, philosophy, religion, and politics.
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  36.  17
    Arthur I. Miller, Empire of the Stars: Obsession, Friendship, and Betrayal in the Quest for Black Holes. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2005. Pp xx+364. ISBN 0-618-34151-X. $26.00. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2007 - British Journal for the History of Science 40 (3):457.
  37.  39
    (1 other version)Daniel Kennefick. Traveling at the Speed of Thought: Einstein and the Quest for Gravitational Waves. xii + 319 pp., illus., figs., bibl., index. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007. $35. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2008 - Isis 99 (1):199-200.
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  38.  11
    (1 other version)Discovering the Expanding Universe. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2010 - Isis 101:418-418.
  39.  25
    Geoffrey Cantor, quakers, jews, and science: Religious responses to modernity and the sciences in Britain, 1650–1900. Oxford: Oxford university press, 2005. Pp. XII+420. Isbn 0-19-927668-4. £50.00. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2007 - British Journal for the History of Science 40 (1):120-121.
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  40.  15
    (1 other version)Hawking Incorporated: Stephen Hawking and the Anthropology of the Knowing Subject. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2013 - Isis 104 (3):659-660.
  41.  19
    (1 other version)Iwan Rhys morus, when physics became King. Chicago and London: University of chicago press, 2005. Pp. XII+303. Isbn 0-226-54202-5. $25.00. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2006 - British Journal for the History of Science 39 (4):610-611.
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  42.  31
    Kristian Camilleri, Heisenberg and the Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics: The Physicist as Philosopher. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Pp. xii+199. ISBN 978-0-521-88484-6. £45.00 .Cathryn Carson, Heisenberg in the Atomic Age: Science and the Public Sphere. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Pp. xxiv+541. ISBN 978-0-521-82170-4. £55.00. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2011 - British Journal for the History of Science 44 (2):308-309.
  43.  23
    (1 other version)Laura J. Snyder. The Philosophical Breakfast Club: Four Remarkable Friends Who Transformed Science and Changed the World. viii + 439 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Broadway Books, 2011. $27. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2012 - Isis 103 (2):421-421.
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  44.  60
    M ARY J O N YE , The Cambridge History of Science. Volume 5: The Modern Physical and Mathematical Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. xxix+678. ISBN 0-521-57199-5. £65.00, $95.00. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2006 - British Journal for the History of Science 39 (1):123-125.
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  45.  31
    Robert fox and Graeme Gooday , physics in oxford, 1839–1939: Laboratories, learning, and college life. Oxford: Oxford university press, 2005. Pp. VII+363. Isbn 0-19-856792-8. £60.00. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2007 - British Journal for the History of Science 40 (2):298-299.
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  46.  16
    Richard Staley, Einstein's Generation: The Origin of the Relativity Revolution. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2009. Pp. x+494. ISBN 978-0-226-77057-4. £26.00. [REVIEW]Matthew Stanley - 2009 - British Journal for the History of Science 42 (3):470.
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