The presented paper focuses on the analysis of strategic documents at the level of the European Union concerning the regulation of artificial intelligence as one of the so-called disruptive technologies. In the first part of the article, we outline the basic terminology. Subsequently, we focus on the summarizing and systemizing of the key documents adopted at the EU level in terms of artificial intelligence regulation. The focus of the paper is devoted to issues of personal data protection and cyber security (...) included in these strategic documents. The final part contains recommendations for future research and evaluation of its key features. (shrink)

This chapter examines Merold Westphal's critique on the works of Calvin Schrag about the relationship of philosophy and a theistic belief in God. It talks about why neither devils speak as atheist nor god as theist. It reveals that God refuses to appear on philosophy's terms because in God's transcendence, God would appear more otherwise than Being. Also, theism does not explain why the divine “otherwise” ultimately signifies that a personally loving Creator and Redeemer in loving unconditionally always already love (...) also impersonally. (shrink)

With a growing corporate interest in pursuing public goods, numerous firms today endeavor to practice corporate social responsibility. Utilizing a multilevel structural equation modeling approach, we investigated the topic of employees' pro-environmental behavior, contributing to the growing literature on “green” issues in the workplace. We incorporated self-determination theory to examine how individuals' perceptions regarding their corporate environmental policies reflected in firm-level green psychological climate influence their environment-specific self-regulation, and whether support of autonomy, relatedness, and competence psychological needs moderates this relationship. (...) The relationship between environment-specific self-regulation and employees' engagement in pro-environmental behavior was also further explained. Analysis of the data from 649 employees working in 37 major South Korean companies revealed that firm-level green psychological climate is positively related to employees' environment-specific self-regulation and that environment-specific self-regulation is also positively related to their pro-environmental behavior. Moreover, while we found that the positive association between firm-level green psychological climate and employees' environment-specific self-regulation was stronger when they had a higher level of relatedness need satisfaction, interactions between firm-level green psychological climate with autonomy and competence need satisfaction did not demonstrate any significant effects. Theoretical and practical contributions together with suggestions for related future research are discussed as well. (shrink)

Most readers of Habermas would not classify him as an existential thinker. The view of Habermas as a philosopher in German Idealist and Critical traditions from Kant to Hegel and Marx to the Frankfurt School prevails among Continental as much as among analytic philosophers. And the mainstream Anglo-American reception of his work and politics is shaped by the approaches of formal analysis rather than those of existential and social phenomenology or even current American pragmatism. One may argue that both these (...) readings eclipse richer existential dimensions of a thinker who challenges the notorious methodological and political splits among analytic, Continental and pragmatist orientations. I argue that Habermas’ critical relation to Heidegger’s a historical history of Being and his misguided political career cannot explain a competing narrative of his own affirmative appropriation of existential-ethical dimensions of thought and activism. Second, if one sets in the foreground this competing narrative, there emerges a weak thesis, whether or not a plausible complementarity between the communications critical social theory and concrete existential categories can be established. Third, one may inquire further into a stronger thesis whether or not this link must be developed in order to render Habermas’ own theory of a communicatively competent self sufficiently concrete and critical. (shrink)

En nuestra sociedad de Post Dictadura, la temática del cuerpo, su expresión y exploración más allá de los cánones impuestos por la normatividad, constituyen un tema pendiente que -cuando emerge- genera des-orden, instalando la pregunta por los límites y consensos sobre nuestro orden social y cultural. Es así como las experiencias que incorporan la dimensión subjetiva del cuerpo como son el uso de drogas y la sexualidad entre otras, y que se sitúan desde lo orgiástico y festivo, son negadas, ..

Štúdia sa zameriava na psychologické a didaktické metódy použité v Platónovom dialógu Menón. S využitím metódy dramatického čítania dialógu autor analyzuje dve kľúčové časti sokratovskej pedagogiky: negatívnu (aporetickú) charakterizovanú elenchom s cieľom nájsť a eliminovať chybné predpoklady, a pozitívnu (euporetickú), ktorej cieľom je pomôcť študentovi nájsť nové riešenia a prostredníctvom argumentácie ho priviesť k lepšiemu porozumeniu problému. V závere autor uvádza, že hlavným cieľom dialógu Menón je ukázať rozdiel medzi „sofistickým“ a „sókratovským“ spôsobom učenia. Zatiaľ čo prvý spočíva v memorovaní (...) autoritatívnych názorov a poznatkov učiteľa, sókratovský je založený na spoločnom hľadaní lepších argumentov. Takáto metóda vedie k lepšiemu porozumeniu v oboch významoch tohto slova – v sociálnom (schopnosť sebaovládania a spolupráce), ako aj poznávacom (schopnosť chápať veci v súvislostiach a otvorenosť k ďalšiemu skúmaniu). (shrink)

La autora presenta El Centro Yungay como un espacio formativo, transversal y abierto, que desde la universidad potencia y acompaña a las comunidades locales en su desarrollo, promocionando el respeto a los derechos humanos, la autogestión, la identidad y diversidad, resignificando desde esa práctica el discurso y hacer universitario”. Recorre luego los fundamentos y reflexiones que determinaron su fundación, su historia, su misión, experiencias y propuesta actual.

En este artículo el autor desarrolla una mirada de generación y de género al consumo cultural de los jóvenes de sectores medios en Chile, a través de un enfoque no convencional de la diversión nocturna en el contexto postdictadura. El texto profundiza en las formas en que la sociedad se relaciona con los jóvenes y en los nuevos modelos de identidad, haciendo un contrapunto con la socialización que se generaba en el anterior modelo cultural respecto de este grupo etáreo. Se (...) focaliza para su exposición en dos espacios de entretención característicos de la juventud y en los códigos de esta generación. Como una de las conclusiones, destaca un tránsito desde los grupos de referencia a los grupos de consumidores. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Semiotica Jahrgang: 2018 Heft: 225 Seiten: 103-127.

La experiencia de la sexualidad en los espacios de diversión propios de la cultura juvenil es un fenómeno que ha sido muy pocas veces considerado a la hora de construir políticas preventivas dirigidas a este sector en Chile. Es en los escenarios propios de las culturas juveniles, asociados a sus espacios de ocio, particularmente los vinculados al “carrete”, donde los y las jóvenes urbanos/as ensayan y ponen en escena diferentes experiencias de acercamiento a la sexualidad. Por otro lado, es en (...) el carrete y su vínculo con la sexualidad ocasional donde en el mundo juvenil emerge la problemática del cuerpo que se resiste a ser regulado desde una normatividad preventiva que no considera sus propias temporalidades y códigos. El presente artículo muestra los resultados de una investigación etnográfica sobre sexualidad juvenil en cuatro regiones de Chileque, aproximándose a un escenario cultural juvenil asociado a la sexualidad como es el ‘‘carrete’’, intenta aportar a la generación de nuevas aproximaciones preventivas que permitan obtener un mejor conocimiento y comprensión de los contextos y situaciones en que los y las jóvenes ejercitan y desarrollan su sexualidad. (shrink)

Este trabajo explora el tema de la vivencia conciente del aprendizaje. Específicamente, el momento en que una persona se da cuenta que algo nuevo se está articulando a su experiencia anterior. Desde la psicología del aprendizaje, este fenómeno estás comprendido en el concepto de metacognición. El trabajo aborda la comprensión de este concepto, y elabora los factores favorecedores del aprendizaje. Finalmente aborda los grupos de acción comunitaria como proyectos socioeducativos, abordando la construcción de utopías cotidianas, la resignificación de la historia (...) personal y la construcción de sentidos en el grupo. (shrink)

This article reconsiders the significance of Theognis’ verses quoted in Plato’s Meno by examining the proposed dilemma in the Theognidea. Firstly, the structure of the dialogue, location of verses, and the dilemma itself are briefly discussed. The article then analyses Theognis’ ‘eugenic’ and ‘didactic’ positions, and suggests that there is no contradiction in the verses from the Theognidea quoted in the Meno, and that Plato was aware of this. The article finally concludes that the pictures of Socrates in Meno and (...) Theognis in the Theognidea are alike in four important aspects: both are sôphrôn, both are personal exponents of dikê by virtue of their life, both are moral heroes striving for the improvement of others, and the result of their efforts has a tragic undertone. By drawing attention to tensions within the Theognidea, Plato may also draw readers’ attention to parallels between Theognis and Socrates as teachers. (shrink)

Problematizing the production of gender -and specifically of the feminine in the school context- is particularly complex. For some time now, it has been the students themselves who have pointed out the disagreement with an educational system that persists in implementing both institutional and daily actions that shape and produce sexist differences in a significant way. The school has thus become a space of dispute and territory in conflict, where new perspectives of girls and young women coexist in relation to (...) the demands for rights, to make their voices heard and to publicly express their disagreement, in the current context of mobilizations that question the prevailing neoliberalism. From the above framework and context, ethnographies conducted in two educational establishments, during 2014-2018, will be analyzed. In them, it is possible to identify two relevant argumentative axes that account for the production of women as second-class subjects, accentuating the analysis in the crossing between the forms of economization of life in a neoliberal key, and the implications of this from a gender perspective. (shrink)

Problematizing the production of gender -and specifically of the feminine in the school context- is particularly complex. For some time now, it has been the students themselves who have pointed out the disagreement with an educational system that persists in implementing both institutional and daily actions that shape and produce sexist differences in a significant way. The school has thus become a space of dispute and territory in conflict, where new perspectives of girls and young women coexist in relation to (...) the demands for rights, to make their voices heard and to publicly express their disagreement, in the current context of mobilizations that question the prevailing neoliberalism. From the above framework and context, ethnographies conducted in two educational establishments, during 2014-2018, will be analyzed. In them, it is possible to identify two relevant argumentative axes that account for the production of women as second-class subjects, accentuating the analysis in the crossing between the forms of economization of life in a neoliberal key, and the implications of this from a gender perspective. (shrink)

The aim of this article is to show a social role of friendship (filia) in Classical Greece and to discover why, as Aristotle thinks, is filia the greatest good for the polis. The author bases his analysis on a comparison between Plato’s dialogue Lysis and Aristotle’s Politics (namely the book 1 and book 3). He distinguishes four types of filia, and shows the social role played by each one of them: the love of parents to children, the friendship between teenage (...) boys of the same age, the love of elder men to boys, and the friendship between free adult citizens. (shrink)

The aim of the article is to show that epimeleia heautou – one of the key issues of ancient Greek philosophy – can be found in a tradition which is older than the Socratic one. First, the author outlines modern paradigmatic interpretations of the history of philosophy and tries to offer an alternative interpretation based on Hellenistic tradition influenced by Socrates. Then he explores the texts of archaic lyrics – the elegies of Theognis of Megara. Resulting from the analysis of (...) the problem of Theognis’ seal, and the parallels between Theognis and archaic lawgivers is the author’s conviction, that the Theognidean poetry as a whole represents a coherent socio-political discourse based on the care of the polis. In conclusion the author traces three basic Socratic issues in Theognidean poetry: political action, pedagogy, and love between a men and a boy. (shrink)

Štúdia sa zameriava na psychologické a didaktické metódy použité v Platónovom dialógu Menón. S využitím metódy dramatického čítania dialógu autor analyzuje dve kľúčové časti sokratovskej pedagogiky: negatívnu (aporetickú) charakterizovanú elenchom s cieľom nájsť a eliminovať chybné predpoklady, a pozitívnu (euporetickú), ktorej cieľom je pomôcť študentovi nájsť nové riešenia a prostredníctvom argumentácie ho priviesť k lepšiemu porozumeniu problému. V závere autor uvádza, že hlavným cieľom dialógu Menón je ukázať rozdiel medzi „sofistickým“ a „sókratovským“ spôsobom učenia. Zatiaľ čo prvý spočíva v memorovaní (...) autoritatívnych názorov a poznatkov učiteľa, sókratovský je založený na spoločnom hľadaní lepších argumentov. Takáto metóda vedie k lepšiemu porozumeniu v oboch významoch tohto slova – v sociálnom (schopnosť sebaovládania a spolupráce), ako aj poznávacom (schopnosť chápať veci v súvislostiach a otvorenosť k ďalšiemu skúmaniu). (shrink)

Prvými svedkami a neraz aj intelektuálnymi generátormi procesov, ktoré viedli k ustanoveniu sociálno-politických štruktúr klasických gréckych poleis, sú archaickí ly­rici. Medzi najstarších patrí spartský Tyrtaios (1. pol. 7. st. p. n. l.), ktorý vo svojej elégii (zl. 12) ustanovuje za vrcholnú zdatnosť thúridos alké (zúrivú chrabrosť, rázny odpor). Toto slovné spojenie nachádzame už u Homéra, ktorý ním pomenúva jednu z bojov­níckych aretai. Naším cieľom bude komplexne analyzovať 12. zlomok, preskúmať použitie tohto slovného spojenia u oboch básnikov a odhaliť nový kontext, (...) do ktorého ho zasadzuje Tyrtaios. Pokúsime sa tak postihnúť jeden z počiatkov „nového racionálno-politického poriadku“ a ukázať spôsob, akým lyrika transformuje staré epické hodnoty na nové politické. (shrink)

Resumen: Este artículo busca observar las diferencias entre el modelo sistémico funcional y el modelo pragmático-formal en su comprensión de la experticia científica y su rol en las sociedades modernas. Se elaborará un breve diagnóstico acerca de la importancia de la confianza en experticia científica en la sociedad contemporánea y cómo este proceso ha sido analizado. Luego, se analizará la descripción del conocimiento científico en la sociedad contemporánea desde el modelo sistémico funcional. Utilizando los conceptos de diferenciación funcional y acoplamiento (...) estructural, se sugerirá que, desde este modelo, el conocimiento científico es una forma de comunicación especializada propia de un sistema funcional de la sociedad. A continuación, se describirá la aproximación del modelo pragmático formal. Especial importancia tienen aquí las ideas de mundo de la vida y esfera pública. Sobre la base de estas caracterizaciones, se comparan las visiones de estos autores y se analizan las diferencias en su conceptualización de la experticia. Se argumenta que las diferencias de estos dos modelos en relación con el estatus ontológico del mundo de la vida marcan sus visiones de la experticia y los debates actuales acerca de sus posibilidades de convertibilidad en la literatura especializada. El artículo finaliza con un resumen y posibles líneas futuras de investigación.: This article seeks to observe the differences between the functional-systemic model and the pragmatic-formal model in their understanding of scientific expertise and its role in modern societies. First, a brief diagnosis about the importance of trust in scientific expertise in contemporary society and how this process has been analyzed in the specialized literature will be made. Then, the description of scientific knowledge will be analyzed from the point of view of the functional systemic model. Using the concepts of functional differentiation and structural coupling, it will be argued that scientific knowledge is here considered a specialized form of communication characteristic of a functional system. Next, the approximation of the formal-pragmatic model is described. Of special importance here are the ideas of lifeworld and public sphere. On the basis of these characterizations, the visions of these authors are compared and the differences are analyzed in relation to their conceptualization of expertise. It is then suggested that the differences between these two models in relation to the ontological status of the lifeworld shape their views of scientific expertise as well as current debates on this topic. The article ends with a summary and possible future line of research. (shrink)

Dans le troisième volume de Temps et récit de Paul Ricœur, nous trouvons une proposition relative aux responsabilités éthico-politiques de l´historien –et, a notre avis, des professionnelles en général de l’Histoire- a partir de la distinction espace d’expérience/horizon attente due a Reinhart Koselleck. Dans ce travail nous proposons, d’abord, ce qui nous semble fondamental dans cette proposition et qui fait référence (en la disqualifiant) a la notion d’utopie. D’autre part, on analyse les textes les plus importants de Ricœur sur cette (...) notion; et, en fin, on propose qu’on peut lier une ligne spécifique de pensé développée en Amérique Latine avec la proposition de Ricœur, pour la complémenter, prolonger et même la corriger.  . (shrink)