29 found
Order:
  1. Towards a Governance Framework for Brain Data.Marcello Ienca, Joseph J. Fins, Ralf J. Jox, Fabrice Jotterand, Silja Voeneky, Roberto Andorno, Tonio Ball, Claude Castelluccia, Ricardo Chavarriaga, Hervé Chneiweiss, Agata Ferretti, Orsolya Friedrich, Samia Hurst, Grischa Merkel, Fruzsina Molnár-Gábor, Jean-Marc Rickli, James Scheibner, Effy Vayena, Rafael Yuste & Philipp Kellmeyer - 2022 - Neuroethics 15 (2):1-14.
    The increasing availability of brain data within and outside the biomedical field, combined with the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to brain data analysis, poses a challenge for ethics and governance. We identify distinctive ethical implications of brain data acquisition and processing, and outline a multi-level governance framework. This framework is aimed at maximizing the benefits of facilitated brain data collection and further processing for science and medicine whilst minimizing risks and preventing harmful use. The framework consists of four primary (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   11 citations  
  2. Doing Things with Thoughts: Brain-Computer Interfaces and Disembodied Agency.Steffen Steinert, Christoph Bublitz, Ralf Jox & Orsolya Friedrich - 2019 - Philosophy and Technology 32 (3):457-482.
    Connecting human minds to various technological devices and applications through brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) affords intriguingly novel ways for humans to engage and interact with the world. Not only do BCIs play an important role in restorative medicine, they are also increasingly used outside of medical or therapeutic contexts (e.g., gaming or mental state monitoring). A striking peculiarity of BCI technology is that the kind of actions it enables seems to differ from paradigmatic human actions, because, effects in the world are (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   27 citations  
  3.  55
    What is it like to use a BCI? – insights from an interview study with brain-computer interface users.Johannes Kögel, Ralf J. Jox & Orsolya Friedrich - 2020 - BMC Medical Ethics 21 (1):1-14.
    BackgroundThe neurotechnology behind brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) raises various ethical questions. The ethical literature has pinpointed several issues concerning safety, autonomy, responsibility and accountability, psychosocial identity, consent, privacy and data security. This study aims to assess BCI users’ experiences, self-observations and attitudes in their own right and looks for social and ethical implications.MethodsWe conducted nine semi-structured interviews with BCI users, who used the technology for medical reasons. The transcribed interviews were analyzed according to the Grounded Theory coding method.ResultsBCI users perceive themselves (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   9 citations  
  4.  83
    Wired Emotions: Ethical Issues of Affective Brain–Computer Interfaces.Steffen Steinert & Orsolya Friedrich - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (1):351-367.
    Ethical issues concerning brain–computer interfaces have already received a considerable amount of attention. However, one particular form of BCI has not received the attention that it deserves: Affective BCIs that allow for the detection and stimulation of affective states. This paper brings the ethical issues of affective BCIs in sharper focus. The paper briefly reviews recent applications of affective BCIs and considers ethical issues that arise from these applications. Ethical issues that affective BCIs share with other neurotechnologies are presented and (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  5.  45
    Digital contact tracing and exposure notification: ethical guidance for trustworthy pandemic management.Robert Ranisch, Niels Nijsingh, Angela Ballantyne, Anne van Bergen, Alena Buyx, Orsolya Friedrich, Tereza Hendl, Georg Marckmann, Christian Munthe & Verina Wild - 2020 - Ethics and Information Technology 23 (3):285-294.
    There is growing interest in contact tracing apps for pandemic management. It is crucial to consider ethical requirements before, while, and after implementing such apps. In this paper, we illustrate the complexity and multiplicity of the ethical considerations by presenting an ethical framework for a responsible design and implementation of CT apps. Using this framework as a starting point, we briefly highlight the interconnection of social and political contexts, available measures of pandemic management, and a multi-layer assessment of CT apps. (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  6. An Analysis of the Impact of Brain-Computer Interfaces on Autonomy.Orsolya Friedrich, Eric Racine, Steffen Steinert, Johannes Pömsl & Ralf J. Jox - 2018 - Neuroethics 14 (1):17-29.
    Research conducted on Brain-Computer Interfaces has grown considerably during the last decades. With the help of BCIs, users can gain a wide range of functions. Our aim in this paper is to analyze the impact of BCIs on autonomy. To this end, we introduce three abilities that most accounts of autonomy take to be essential: the ability to use information and knowledge to produce reasons; the ability to ensure that intended actions are effectively realized ; and the ability to enact (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   10 citations  
  7.  61
    Principle-based structured case discussions: do they foster moral competence in medical students? - A pilot study.Orsolya Friedrich, Kay Hemmerling, Katja Kuehlmeyer, Stefanie Nörtemann, Martin Fischer & Georg Marckmann - 2017 - BMC Medical Ethics 18 (1):21.
    Recent findings suggest that medical students’ moral competence decreases throughout medical school. This pilot study gives preliminary insights into the effects of two educational interventions in ethics classes on moral competence among medical students in Munich, Germany. Between 2012 and 2013, medical students were tested using Lind’s Moral Competence Test prior to and after completing different ethics classes. The experimental group participated in principle-based structured case discussions and was compared with a control group with theory-based case discussions. The pre/post C-scores (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   10 citations  
  8.  65
    Using brain-computer interfaces: a scoping review of studies employing social research methods.Johannes Kögel, Jennifer R. Schmid, Ralf J. Jox & Orsolya Friedrich - 2019 - BMC Medical Ethics 20 (1):18.
    The rapid expansion of research on Brain-Computer Interfaces is not only due to the promising solutions offered for persons with physical impairments. There is also a heightened need for understanding BCIs due to the challenges regarding ethics presented by new technology, especially in its impact on the relationship between man and machine. Here we endeavor to present a scoping review of current studies in the field to gain insight into the complexity of BCI use. By examining studies related to BCIs (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  9.  66
    Brain–Computer Interfaces: Lessons to Be Learned from the Ethics of Algorithms.Andreas Wolkenstein, Ralf J. Jox & Orsolya Friedrich - 2018 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 27 (4):635-646.
    :Brain–computer interfaces are driven essentially by algorithms; however, the ethical role of such algorithms has so far been neglected in the ethical assessment of BCIs. The goal of this article is therefore twofold: First, it aims to offer insights into whether the problems related to the ethics of BCIs can be better grasped with the help of already existing work on the ethics of algorithms. As a second goal, the article explores what kinds of solutions are available in that body (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  10.  35
    Imitating the Human. New Human–Machine Interactions in Social Robots.Johanna Seifert, Orsolya Friedrich & Sebastian Schleidgen - 2022 - NanoEthics 16 (2):181-192.
    Social robots are designed to perform intelligent, emotional, and autonomous behavior in order to establish intimate relationships with humans, for instance, in the context of elderly care. However, the imitation of qualities usually assumed to be necessary for human reciprocal interaction may impact our understanding of social interaction. Against this background, we compare the technical operations based on which social robots imitate human-like behavior with the concepts of emotionality, intelligence, and autonomy as usually attached to humans. In doing so, we (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  11.  99
    Brain-computer interfaces and personhood: interdisciplinary deliberations on neural technology.Matthew Sample, Marjorie Aunos, Stefanie Blain-Moraes, Christoph Bublitz, Jennifer Chandler, Tiago H. Falk, Orsolya Friedrich, Deanna Groetzinger, Ralf J. Jox & Johannes Koegel - 2019 - Journal of Neural Engineering 16 (6).
    Scientists, engineers, and healthcare professionals are currently developing a variety of new devices under the category of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Current and future applications are both medical/assistive (e.g., for communication) and non-medical (e.g., for gaming). This array of possibilities comes with ethical challenges for all stakeholders. As a result, BCIs have been an object of both hope and concern in various media. We argue that these conflicting sentiments can be productively understood in terms of personhood, specifically the impact of BCIs (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  12.  34
    Außerklinische Ethikberatung: Eine Evaluation des Angebots in den Landkreisen Traunstein und Berchtesgadener Land mittels Dokumentenanalyse und Befragung von Hausärzten.Sandra Thiersch, Orsolya Friedrich & Georg Marckmann - 2019 - Ethik in der Medizin 31 (1):45-59.
    ZusammenfassungWährend die Implementierung und Nutzung von Ethikberatung in deutschen Krankenhäusern in den letzten 20 Jahren vorangeschritten ist, entstehen erst in den letzten Jahren zunehmend Ethikberatungsangebote im außerklinischen Bereich. In den Landkreisen Traunstein und Berchtesgadener Land in Südost-Bayern wurde 2012 eine außerklinische Ethikberatung etabliert. Um im Rahmen einer ersten Evaluation wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse über den Bedarf, die Inanspruchnahme und die Zufriedenheit mit diesem Beratungsangebot zu gewinnen, wurde eine Dokumentenanalyse und eine Fragebogenerhebung unter den Hausärzten der beiden Landkreise durchgeführt. Insgesamt nahmen 58 der (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  13. Knowledge of Partial Awareness in Disorders of Consciousness: Implications for Ethical Evaluations?Orsolya Friedrich - 2011 - Neuroethics 6 (1):13-23.
    Recent results from neuroimaging appear to indicate that some patients in a vegetative state have partially intact awareness. These results may demonstrate misdiagnosis and suggest the need not only for alternative forms of treatment, but also for the reconsideration of end-of-life decisions in cases of disorders of consciousness. This article addresses the second consequence. First, I will discuss which aspects of consciousness may be involved in neuroimaging findings. I will then consider various factors relevant to ethical end-of-life decision-making, and analyse (...)
    Direct download (11 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  14.  77
    Neuroethik – Geschichte, Definition und Gegenstandsbereich eines neuen Wissenschaftsgebiets Neuroethics—history, definition, and scope of a new field of science.Sabine Müller, Merlin Bittlinger, Kirsten Brukamp, Markus Christen, Orsolya Friedrich, Malte-C. Gruber, Jon Leefmann, Grischa Merkel, Saskia K. Nagel, Marco Stier & Ralf J. Jox - 2018 - Ethik in der Medizin 30 (2):91-106.
    Fünfzehn Jahre nach ihrer Entstehung ist die Neuroethik ein internationales wissenschaftliches Feld mit enormer Dynamik. Innerhalb weniger Jahre wurden eigene Kongresse, Zeitschriften, Forschungsförderprogramme, Fachgesellschaften und Institute gegründet. Gleichwohl besteht erheblicher Dissens über die Definition und den Gegenstandsbereich dieses neuen Gebiets. Wir argumentieren hier für eine differenzierte Konzeption, wonach neben der Reflexion ethischer Probleme der Neurowissenschaft und ihrer überwiegend neurotechnologischen Anwendungen auch die ethische Reflexion neurowissenschaftlicher Forschung zur Moralität zur Neuroethik gehört. Dies umfasst zwar nicht neurowissenschaftliche oder neuropsychologische Studien zur Moralität, (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  15.  49
    Autonomie als Rechtfertigungsgrund psychiatrischer Therapien [Autonomy as a justification for psychiatric treatments].Orsolya Friedrich & Jan-Hendrik Heinrichs - 2014 - Ethik in der Medizin 26 (4):317-330.
    Research with psychiatric patients raises frequently discussed, ethical questions, one of which is: Can psychiatric patients give consent to participation in research at all? To answer this and similar questions adequately, it is - according to our thesis - necessary to analyze first, which theoretical assumptions are made in established practice. -/- To solve the question after the possibility of consent, compatible understandings of ‘disease’, ‘illness’ and ‘autonomy’ are crucial, but there is no consensual use of these terms in philosophy. (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  16.  25
    Editorial: The Ethical Implications of Using AI in Medicine.Orsolya Friedrich & Sebastian Schleidgen - 2024 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 33 (3):307-309.
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  17.  60
    Why Enhancing Autonomy Is Not a Question of Improving Single Aspects of Reasoning Abilities through Neuroenhancement.Orsolya Friedrich & Johannes Pömsl - 2017 - Neuroethics 10 (2):243-254.
    In a recent paper, Schaefer et al. proposed to enhance autonomy via improving reasoning abilities through cognitive enhancement [1]. While initially their idea additionally seems to elegantly avoid objections against genetic enhancements based on the value of autonomy, we want to draw attention to several problems their approach poses. First, we will show that it is not at all clear that safe and meaningful methods to genetically or pharmaceutically enhance cognition will be feasible any time soon. Second, we want to (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  18.  30
    Ethische Aspekte der Präimplantationsdiagnostik – Einblick in die Arbeit der Bayerischen Ethikkommission.Arne Manzeschke & Orsolya Friedrich - 2023 - Ethik in der Medizin 35 (4):559-574.
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  19.  26
    Künstliche Intelligenz in Medizin und Pflege.Sebastian Schleidgen & Orsolya Friedrich - 2023 - Ethik in der Medizin 35 (2):169-172.
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  20.  37
    Autonomie als Rechtfertigungsgrund psychiatrischer Therapien.Orsolya Friedrich & Pd Dr Jan-Hendrik Heinrichs - 2014 - Ethik in der Medizin 26 (4).
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  21.  36
    On Humans and Machines.Johanna Seifert, Orsolya Friedrich & Sebastian Schleidgen - 2022 - Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 26 (2):207-231.
    In the present article we examine the anthropological implications of “intelligent” neurotechnologies (INTs). For this purpose, we first give an introduction to current developments of INTs by specifying their central characteristics. We then present and discuss traditional anthropological concepts such as the “homo faber,” the concept of humans as “deficient beings,” and the concept of the “cyborg,” questioning their descriptive relevance regarding current neurotechnological applications. To this end, we relate these anthropological concepts to the characteristics of INTs elaborated before. As (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  22.  33
    Joint Interaction and Mutual Understanding in Social Robotics.Sebastian Schleidgen & Orsolya Friedrich - 2022 - Science and Engineering Ethics 28 (6):1-20.
    Social robotics aims at designing robots capable of joint interaction with humans. On a conceptual level, sufficient mutual understanding is usually said to be a necessary condition for joint interaction. Against this background, the following questions remain open: in which sense is it legitimate to speak of human–robot joint interaction? What exactly does it mean to speak of humans and robots sufficiently understanding each other to account for human–robot joint interaction? Is such joint interaction effectively possible by reference, e.g., to (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  23.  37
    Bedeutung und Implikationen epistemischer Ungerechtigkeit.Sebastian Schleidgen, Orsolya Friedrich & Andreas Wolkenstein (eds.) - 2023 - Tectum – ein Verlag in der Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft.
    For almost two decades, the concept of epistemic injustice has been a point of reference to discuss the extent to which persons can be disadvantaged in their role as knowers and what morally relevant consequences might follow from such violations. This volume brings together contributions that have significantly shaped debates about the concept of epistemic injustice and its meaning, as well as recent contributions on its implications and possible consequences of situations of epistemic injustice. With contributions by David Coady | (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  24.  19
    Medizinphilosophie oder philosophische Medizin?: philosophisch-ethische Beiträge zu Herausforderungen technisierter Medizin.Diana Aurenque & Orsolya Friedrich (eds.) - 2014 - Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  25.  1
    Clinical Neurotechnology meets Artificial Intelligence.Orsolya Friedrich, Andreas Wolkenstein, Christoph Bublitz, Ralf J. Jox & Eric Racine (eds.) - 2021 - Springer.
    Neurotechnologies such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), which allow technical devices to be used with the power of thought or concentration alone, are no longer a futuristic dream or, depending on the viewpoint, a nightmare. Moreover, the combination of neurotechnologies and AI raises a host of pressing problems. Now that these technologies are about to leave the laboratory and enter the real world, these problems and implications can and should be scrutinized. This volume brings together scholars from a wide range of (...)
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  26.  36
    Do New Neuroimaging Findings Challenge the Ethical Basis of Advance Directives in Disorders of Consciousness?Orsolya Friedrich, Andreas Wolkenstein, Ralf J. Jox, Niek Rogger & Claudia Bozzaro - 2018 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 27 (4):675-685.
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  27.  14
    Nietzsche, Foucault und die Medizin: philosophische Impulse für die Medizinethik.Orsolya Friedrich (ed.) - 2015 - Bielefeld: Transcript.
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  28.  21
    Persönlichkeit Im Zeitalter der Neurowissenschaften: Eine Kritische Analyse Neurowissenschaftlicher Eingriffe in Die Persönlichkeit.Orsolya Friedrich - 2013 - Transcript Verlag.
    Welche Aspekte von Persönlichkeit können durch neurowissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse und Methoden verändert werden? Und wie sind solche Veränderungen zu bewerten? Orsolya Friedrich setzt erstmals unterschiedliche Auffassungen von Persönlichkeit in philosophischen und psychologisch-psychiatrischen Kontexten umfassend miteinander in Beziehung - mit dem Ziel, neurowissenschaftliche Methodik (wie etwa »Enhancement«) einer fundierten normativen Bewertung zu unterziehen. Ergänzend zur philosophischen Debatte werden in der Studie aktuelle gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen des Komplexes Persönlichkeit/Neurowissenschaften skizziert.
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  29.  32
    Neuro-ProsthEthics: Ethical Implications of Applied Situated Cognition.Jan-Hendrik Heinrichs, Birgit Beck & Orsolya Friedrich (eds.) - 2024 - Berlin, Germany: J. B. Metzler.
    The volume focusses on the ethical dimensions of the technological scaffold embedding human thought and action, which has been brought to attention of the cognitive sciences by situated cognition theories. There is a broad spectrum of technologies co-realising or enabling and enhancing human cognition and action, which vary in the degree of bodily integration, interactivity, adaptation processes, of reliance and indispensability etc. This technological scaffold of human cognition and action evolves rapidly. Some changes are continuous, some are eruptive. Technologies that (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark