Micro-expressions, as fleeting facial expressions, are very important for judging people’s true emotions, thus can provide an essential behavioral clue for lie and dangerous demeanor detection. From embodied accounts of cognition, we derived a novel hypothesis that facial feedback from upper and lower facial regions has differential effects on micro-expression recognition. This hypothesis was tested and supported across three studies. Specifically, the results of Study 1 showed that people became better judges of intense micro-expressions with a duration of 450 ms (...) when the facial feedback from upper face was enhanced via a restricting gel. Additional results of Study 2 showed that the recognition accuracy of subtle micro-expressions was significantly impaired under all duration conditions (50 ms, 150 ms, 333 ms, and 450 ms) when facial feedback from lower face was enhanced. In addition, the results of Study 3 also revealed that blocking the facial feedback of lower face, significantly boosted the recognition accuracy of subtle and intense micro-expressions under all duration conditions (150 ms and 450 ms). Together, these results highlight the role of facial feedback in judging the subtle movements of micro-expressions. (shrink)

The initial online publication contained a typesetting mistake in the author information. The original article has been corrected.

This study focuses on two specific privacy policies, namely privacy assurance and personalization declaration. Specifically, we investigate how these distinct privacy policies affect customers’ privacy concerns and subsequent purchase responses. We have developed a conceptual model that addresses the independent effects of privacy assurance and personalization declaration, as well as the mechanism of these effects. Our model is grounded in motivation theory and supported by a field experiment and a controlled experiment. Our study demonstrates that privacy assurance that claims security (...) protection negatively affects customers’ purchase probability and purchase amount. By contrast, personalization declaration that addresses personalized benefits positively affects customers’ purchase probability and purchase amount. Privacy concerns significantly mediate the negative effects of privacy assurance on purchase responses and the positive effects of personalization declaration on purchase responses. Overall, our findings inform managers of how to deploy privacy policies to reduce customers’ privacy concerns and boost purchase responses. (shrink)

A new approach to policy analysis is formulated within the framework of the graph model for conflict resolution. A policy is defined as a plan of action for a decision maker (DM) that specifies the DM’s intended action starting at every possible state in a graph model of a conflict. Given a profile of policies, a Policy Stable State (PSS) is a state that no DM moves away from (according to its policy), and such that no DM would prefer to (...) change its policy given the policies of the other DMs. The profile of policies associated to a PSS is called a Policy Equilibrium. Properties of PSSs are developed, and a refinement is suggested that restricts DMs to policies that are credible in that they are in the DM’s immediate interest. Relationships with existing stability definitions in the graph model for conflict resolution are then explored. (shrink)

v. [1]. Ru -- v. [2]. Shi -- v. [3]. Dao.

本书试图将研究的“问题意识”置于中国现代化进程中的伦理变迁与道德教育上,以探究中国现代化的特殊际遇与现代人的生存方式。.

Ben shu zhu zai zhang xian ru jia yi li zai xiu dao fan chou de te se, Bao kuo wang chuan shan liang duan yi zhi lun yan yi, Bian zheng si wei yu shi jian zhi he, Zhong guo ren wen chuan tong yu xian dai jiao yu.

The ecological crisis is related to religion that shapes the values, but its decisive factor is the inherent contradiction between the selfish logic of capital proliferation and the social public nature of the environment. The fundamental way to solve the ecological crisis is the domestic social reform, the coordination of international relations and the continuous development of science and technology. Guided by the social public agencies and scientific methods, religion can play a secondary constructive role in building the pro-ecological humanistic (...) environment. Contribution: It is as I have known perhaps the initial attempt to deal with the question between religion and conservation from the perspective of Marxism, as a response to the colleagues from the West. (shrink)

本書以明清時期朱陸之爭為文化背景，選取魏裔介、張伯行、陸隴其、熊賜履、呂留良、 孫奇逢、黃宗羲、陳確、李顒、屈大均、王船山、顏元、顧炎武、費密、方以智等清初十五位學者為個案，以清初道統觀的歷史發展為經，以思想家的道統觀為緯，在對道、道統、學統、正統等範疇進行清晰界定的基礎上，對清 初各派道統觀做了立足史料而又重視思想的闡釋。.

清代既是儒家學說的總結期，又是儒家文化的衰落期。儒家學說發展到清代，已難以承受歷史重負。清儒漢學與宋學的學術分派，不是學術繁榮的象征。各學派各是其是、各行其道，割裂了儒學原創期的辯證統一和思想活力。學 派的分化和爭論，不僅沒有帶來自由學風，推進學術創新，反而標榜門戶，黨同伐異，加劇了內耗和衰落。清中葉以后，各學派創新乏力，只是抱殘守缺、篤守倫常名教。如果沒有外來文化的激發，儒家文化自身不可能擺脫困境 ，走出低谷。 張昭軍，山東省淄博市人。歷史學博士。現為北京師范大學歷史學院教授、博士生導師，兼中國社會科學院研究生院博士生導師、教育部重點研究基地史學理論與史學史研究中心副主任、北京市歷史學會常務理事。2009～2 010年度日本學術振興會外籍聘用研究員，2013年東京大學客座教授。主要從事中國近現代史、中國近現代文化史以及清代學術思想史的教學和研究。.

本书内容包括:论行为的合宜、论功劳和罪过;或者论报答和惩罚的对象、论评判我们自己的情感和行为的基础,兼论义务感等。.

本书结合青年思想实际,阐述马克思主义的世界观和方法论,论述了矛盾分析,辩证否定,统筹兼顾,科学预见等25种思想和工作方法。.

本书分物质观、运动观、时空观、联系观、发展观、矛盾观、否定观、本质观、实践观等30个篇目,阐述了马克思主义世界观的基本观点。.

本书主讲现象学的概况、来源与特点;海德格尔的存在论——解释学式的现象学;发生现象学一瞥——经验的视域结构与被动发生等。.