Results for 'Sterilisation'

68 found
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  1. Compulsory Sterilisation of Transgender People as Gendered Violence.Anna Carastathis - 2015 - In Venetia Kantsa, Lina Papadopoulou & Giulia Zanini (eds.), (In)Fertile Citizens: Anthropological and Legal Challenges of Assisted Reproduction Technologies. pp. 79-92.
    Despite a “spatial imaginary” which constructs Europe as a location of sexual and gender freedom (Rao, 2014), presently, twenty countries in Europe require sterilisation in order to legally recognise transgender people’s gender identities, including four of the seven countries in the INFERCIT study: Greece, Italy, Turkey, and Cyprus (but not Spain, which since 2007 does not require sterilisation for gender identity recognition [see Platero, 2008]. In Bulgaria and Lebanon no gender identity recognition for trans people is provided by (...)
     
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  2. Autonomy, age and sterilisation requests.Paddy McQueen - 2017 - Journal of Medical Ethics 43 (5):310-313.
    Sterilisation requests made by young, childfree adults are frequently denied by doctors, despite sterilisation being legally available to individuals over the age of 18. A commonly given reason for denied requests is that the patient will later regret their decision. In this paper I examine whether the possibility of future regret is a good reason for denying a sterilisation request. I argue that it is not and hence that decision-competent adults who have no desire to have children (...)
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  3.  52
    Compulsory sterilisation in sweden.Torbjörn Tännsjö - 1998 - Bioethics 12 (3):236–249.
    In the Fall of 1997 the leading Swedish newspaper, Dagens Nyheter, created a media hype over the Swedish policy of compulsory sterilisation that had been in operation between 1935 and 1975. In the discussion that followed the moral condemnation of our medical past was unanimous. However, the reasons for rejecting what had gone on were varied and mutually inconsistent. Three strands of criticism were common: the argument from autonomy, the argument from caution, and the argument from biological scepticism. In (...)
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  4.  80
    Sterilisation of married couples: Husband versus wife sterilisation.Gayle Kaufman - 1998 - Journal of Biosocial Science 30 (1):1-14.
    Sterilisation has been increasing in the United States in recent decades. Using the National Survey of Families and Households, this paper examines sterilisation among married couples using event history techniques, viewing husband and wife sterilisation as competing risks. Wives are more likely to experience sterilisation and at shorter durations of marriage. Number of children has a curvilinear effect on sterilisation, increasing and then decreasing its likelihood. Wives who are older than their husbands are more likely (...)
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  5.  37
    Voluntary sterilisation of young childless women: not so fast.Zeljka Buturovic - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (1):46-49.
    An increasing number of bioethicists are raising concerns that young childless women requesting sterilisation as means of birth control are facing unfair obstacles. It is argued that these obstacles are inconsistent, paternalistic, that they reflect pronatalist bias and that men seem to face fewer obstacles. It is commonly recommended that physicians should change their approach to this type of patient. In contrast, I argue that physicians’ reluctance to eagerly follow an unusual request is understandable and that whatever obstacles result (...)
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  6.  98
    Sterilisation of incompetent mentally handicapped persons: a model for decision making.J. P. Denekens, H. Nys & H. Stuer - 1999 - Journal of Medical Ethics 25 (3):237-241.
    Doctors are regularly confronted with requests for sterilisation of mentally handicapped people who cannot give consent for themselves. They ought to act in a medical vacuum because there doesn't exist a consensus about a model for decision making on this matter. In this article a model for decision making is proposed, based on a review of the literature and our own research data. We have attempted to select and classify certain factors which could enable us to arrive at an (...)
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  7.  11
    Compulsory Sterilisation in Sweden.TorbjÖrn T.ÄnnsjÖ - 2002 - Bioethics 12 (3):236-249.
    In the Fall of 1997 the leading Swedish newspaper, Dagens Nyheter, created a media hype over the Swedish policy of compulsory sterilisation that had been in operation between 1935 and 1975. In the discussion that followed the moral condemnation of our medical past was unanimous. However, the reasons for rejecting what had gone on were varied and mutually inconsistent. Three strands of criticism were common: the argument from autonomy, the argument from caution, and the argument from biological scepticism. In (...)
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  8.  35
    Sterilisation: the Aberdeen experience, and some broader implications.S. Teper - 1978 - Journal of Medical Ethics 4 (1):18-24.
    In her paper, Sue Teper outlines the various methods of contraception or fertility control and their relationship to sterilisation. She also considers a particular group of women in Aberdeen as a mini case-study. From these two aspects of sterilization develops a third--that of broader medical and economic issues. Sterilisation usually concerns patients who are free from illness, therefore the attitudes of medical personnel are much more relevant to whether or not the operation is performed on request purely as (...)
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  9.  60
    A Defence of Voluntary Sterilisation.Paddy McQueen - 2020 - Res Publica 26 (2):237-255.
    Many women identify sterilisation as their preferred form of contraception. However, their requests to be sterilised are frequently denied by doctors. Given a commitment to ensuring women’s reproductive autonomy, can these denials be justified? To answer this question, I assess the most commonly reported reasons for a denied sterilisation request: that the woman is too young, that she is child-free, that she will later regret her decision, and that it will lower her well-being. I argue that these worries (...)
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  10.  25
    Voluntary sterilisation and access to IVF in Québec.Katharine Browne - 2018 - Journal of Medical Ethics 44 (4):262-265.
    Bill 20, An Act to Enact the Act to promote access to family medicine and specialized medicine services and to amend various legislative provisions relating to assisted procreation, was introduced to reduce costs associated with Québec’s healthcare in general and in vitro fertilisation in particular. Passed in November 2015, the new law introduces a number of exclusion criteria for access to and funding for IVF treatment. Remarkably, one exclusion criterion—prior voluntary sterilisation—has prompted little critical commentary. The two justifications offered (...)
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  11. La stérilisation forcée de population autochtone dans le Mexique des années 1990.Pierre Gaussens - 2020 - Canadian Journal of Bioethics / Revue canadienne de bioéthique 3 (3):180-191.
    This article explores the issue of forced sterilization of indigenous populations as a bioethical problem, from an interdisciplinary point of view based on historical sociology and in dialogue with medical anthropology, gender studies and human rights. Its methodology is based on the study of an empirical case, in connection with an ethnography carried out in a municipality of southern Mexico, in the state of Guerrero. It is complemented by a documentary research which allowed, among other things, the construction of a (...)
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  12.  15
    Voluntary sterilisation and access to IVF in Québec.Katharine Browne - 2017 - Journal of Medical Ethics:medethics-2016-103726.
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  13.  20
    Involuntary sterilisation of HIV-positive women in South Africa: A current legal perspective.M. Du Toit - 2018 - South African Journal of Bioethics and Law 11 (2):80.
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  14.  7
    Eugenik, Sterilisation, "Euthanasie": politische Biologie in Deutschland 1895-1945 : eine Dokumentation.Jochen-Christoph Kaiser, Kurt Nowak & Michael Schwartz - 1992
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  15.  22
    Sterilisation as a Method of Contraception: Recent Trends in Great Britain and their Implications.M. Murphy - 1995 - Journal of Biosocial Science 27 (1):31-46.
  16.  23
    La stérilisation non consentie.Michel Véron - 2001 - Médecine et Droit 2001 (49):21-22.
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  17.  46
    Eugenic Sterilisation in Scandinavia.Lene Koch - 2006 - The European Legacy 11 (3):299-309.
    The view that eugenics was based on unscientific views has been put forward by a number of historians. It has been claimed that the early phase of eugenics, so-called mainline eugenics, was unscientific, biased against the lower classes, and racist. An ensuing reform eugenic phase, however, has been considered scientifically sound and politically progressive. This paper, based on recent studies of eugenic sterilisation in Scandinavia, challenges this view. The political and scientific arguments in favour of eugenic sterilisation laws (...)
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  18.  34
    The sterilisation of the unfit.Havelock Ellis - 1909 - The Eugenics Review 1 (3):203.
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  19.  17
    Sterilisation in America.Leonard Darwin - 1923 - The Eugenics Review 15 (1):335.
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  20.  16
    Sterilisation und Fürsorge: Der deutsche Einfluss auf die Sterilisationsfrage in der norwegischen Diakonie.Öyvind Foss - 2001 - Zeitschrift Für Evangelische Ethik 45 (1):57-63.
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  21.  24
    La stérilisation des handicapés mentaux.Florence Fresnel - 1998 - Médecine et Droit 1998 (31):12-17.
  22.  17
    On sterilising severely mentally handicapped people.D. J. Hill - 1987 - Journal of Medical Ethics 13 (4):222-222.
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  23.  9
    Freiwillige Sterilisation - Eingriff in die Dimension Gottes?Heinz-Horst Schrey - 1965 - Zeitschrift Für Evangelische Ethik 9 (1):227-239.
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  24. Victims of eugenic sterilisation in Utah: cohort demographics and estimate of living survivors.Tabery James & Lida Sarafraz - 2023 - The Lancet Regional Health–Americas.
    Eugenicists at the beginning of the twentieth century feared that the "unfit" were outbreeding the "fit" and promoted interventions like sterilisation as a solution to the perceived problem. Over 60,000 people were sterilised across the United States, victims of eugenic programs implemented in 32 states. Utah had a particularly aggressive eugenic sterilisation program, hailed by eugenicists for sterilising such a large proportion of its population, and lasting well into the 1970s. The goal of the present study was to (...)
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  25.  26
    On sterilising severely mentally handicapped people.R. Gillon - 1987 - Journal of Medical Ethics 13 (2):59-61.
  26.  28
    Sterilisation without Informed Consent: How to Improve European Citizens’ Medical Agency.Olga Lenczewska - 2017 - In Daniele Archibugi & Ali Emre Benli (eds.), Claiming Citizenship Rights in Europe: Emerging Challenges and Political Agents. London, UK: Routledge. pp. 130-147.
    This paper discusses the importance of informed medical consent through a case study examines the implications this case had for the medical rights of EU citizens. I start by describing a case of a Slovakian national of Roma origin against the Government of Slovakia, which appeared at the European Court of Human Rights in 2007-2012. The twenty-year old woman, who had been sterilized at a Slovakian hospital during the birth of her second child, claimed that the procedure took place without (...)
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  27.  34
    ""I'd Rather Keep Him Chaste." Retelling the Story of Sterilisation, Learning Disability and (Non)Sexed Embodiment.K. Keywood - 2001 - Feminist Legal Studies 9 (2):185-194.
    This note examines two recent judgements of theEnglish Court of Appeal, Re S.L. and ReA., concerning the sterilisation of a womanand a man with learning disabilities. The casesare significant for health care lawyers in thatthey effect a reworking of the common lawdoctrine of necessity, which serves as thelegal justification for providing medicaltreatment to adults lacking capacity to giveconsent. The cases are also significant forfeminist scholars engaged in the project of`sexing' the subjects of legal discourse (forexample, Naffine and Owens, 1997). (...)
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  28.  53
    Family planning in Brazil: why not tubal sterilisation during childbirth?Leila Cristina Soares & Jorge Luiz Alves Brollo - 2013 - Journal of Medical Ethics 39 (11):710-712.
    Sterilisation is the most desired method of contraception worldwide. In 1996, the Brazilian Congress approved a family planning law that legitimised female and male sterilisation, but forbade sterilisation during childbirth. As a result of this law, procedures currently occur in a clandestine nature upon payment. Despite the law, sterilisations continue to be performed during caesarean sections. The permanence of the method is an important consideration; therefore, information about other methods must be made available. Tubal sterilisation must (...)
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  29.  22
    Why-UD? Assessing the requirement to trial an intrauterine device as a condition for elective sterilisation in female patients.Teresa Baron - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 50 (10):708-711.
    Some National Health Service healthcare boards in the UK will approve a request for female sterilisation only if the patient first accepts a trial period of 1 year with an intrauterine device (IUD), a form of long-acting reversible contraception. In this article, I argue that this requirement is not justified by appeal to any of (or any combination of) promotion of informed consent, paternalistic concerns regarding patient regret in later life and health service budgetary considerations. Informed consent and patient (...)
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  30.  24
    Time and time again: the reincarnations of coerced sterilisation.Mariam O. Fofana - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (11):805-809.
    The recently reported cases of coerced sterilisation of women at a privately operated immigration detention facility in the USA are egregious in their disregard for human dignity and professional ethics, but sadly not surprising. These abuses represent a continuation of efforts to control the reproductive capacity of women, fueled by racist and xenophobic motives. Physicians helped create and legitimise the pseudoscientific framework for the eugenics movement, which would implement forceful sterilisation as its tool of choice to eliminate undesirable (...)
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  31.  7
    Élodie Serna, Faire et défaire la virilité. Les stérilisations masculines volontaires en Europe (1919-1939).Emma Tillich - 2023 - Clio 57.
    L’ouvrage d’Élodie Serna porte sur l’histoire des stérilisations masculines volontaires en Europe dans l’entre-deux-guerres (1919-1939). Souvent assimilée à une castration, la stérilisation a parfois au contraire été utilisée pour régénérer la virilité. Promue par les milieux eugénistes, elle a aussi été envisagée comme instrument de l’autonomie reproductive des couples. Ces contradictions sont articulées en deux dimensions d’analyse : premièrement l’étude de ces « multiples conceptions conte...
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  32.  19
    FIGO's ethical recommendations on female sterilisation will do more harm than good: a commentary.D. A. A. Verkuyl - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (6):478-487.
    The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women9s Health advises against tubal occlusion (TO) performed at the time of caesarean section (CS/TO) or following a vaginal delivery (VD/TO) if this sterilisation has not been discussed with the woman in an earlier phase of her pregnancy. This advice is neither in accordance with existing medical custom nor evidence based. Particularly in less-resourced locations, adherence to it would deny much wanted one-off (...)
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  33.  41
    Postpartum tubal sterilisation: an international perspective on some programmatic issues.I.-Cheng Chi & Shyam Thapa - 1993 - Journal of Biosocial Science 25 (1):51-61.
  34.  39
    Chronicles of communication and power: informed consent to sterilisation in the Namibian Supreme Court’s LM judgment of 2015.Nyasha Chingore-Munazvo, Katherine Furman, Annabel Raw & Mariette Slabbert - 2017 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 38 (2):145-162.
    The 2015 judgment of the Namibia Supreme Court in Government of the Republic of Namibia v LM and Others set an important precedent on informed consent in a case involving the coercive sterilisation of HIV-positive women. This article analyses the reasoning and factual narratives of the judgment by applying Neil Manson and Onora O’Neill’s approach to informed consent as a communicative process. This is done in an effort to understand the practical import of the judgment in the particular context (...)
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  35.  19
    Roswitha Dubach, Verhütungspolitik. Sterilisation im Spannungsfeld von Psychiatrie, Gesellschaft und individuellen Interessen in Zürich (1890–1970). [REVIEW]Hans-Walter Schmuhl - 2014 - Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 37 (1):93-94.
    Zürich: Chronos Verlag 2013. 351 S., br., ill., € 39,50. ISBN 978‐3‐0340‐1134‐1.
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  36. Laughlin, H. H. - Eugenical Sterilisation In The United States. [REVIEW]M. Carrara - 1924 - Scientia 18 (36):348.
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  37.  24
    The role of anticipated decision regret and the patient's best interest in sterilisation and medically assisted reproduction.Heidi Mertes - 2017 - Journal of Medical Ethics 43 (5):314-318.
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  38.  47
    The Mental Capacity Bill 2004: Human Rights Concerns.Jacqueline A. Laing - 2005 - Family Law Journal 35:137-143.
    The Mental Capacity Bill endangers the vulnerable by inviting human rights abuse. It is perhaps these grave deficiencies that prompted the warnings of the 23rd Report of the Joint Committee on Human Rights highlighting the failure of the legislation to supply adequate safeguards against Articles 2, 3 and 8 incompatibilities. Further, the fact that it is the mentally incapacitated as a class that are thought ripe for these and other kinds of intervention, highlights the Article 14 discrimination inherent in this (...)
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  39.  51
    Incapacity and Care: Controversies in Healthcare and Research.Helen Watts (ed.) - 2009 - Linacre Centre.
    What are the duties of carers and health professionals to people with mental incapacity? How ought we to think about the ethical and legal issues? What can any of us do to improve and safeguard the lives of those cared for? This book seeks to examine in detail and find ethically robust answers to such questions. Among the topics discussed are withholding treatment, tube-feeding patients with dementia, the 'persistent vegetative state', medical research, and sterilisation of intellectually disabled adults. Contributors (...)
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  40. Applying Pascal’s Wager to Procreation.Bruce P. Blackshaw - forthcoming - Sophia.
    Pascal’s wager uses decision theory to argue that it is rational to attempt to nurture belief in God, based on the expected utility of believing (infinite happiness) compared to not believing (at best, only finite happiness). A belief in an eternal conscious torment in hell (infinite suffering) for non-believers makes the differences in expected utility even more apparent, strengthening the argument. Similar reasoning can also be used to calculate the expected moral value of actions, including procreation. Under theism, if possible (...)
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  41.  21
    For Reproductive Justice in an Era of Gates and Modi: The Violence of India's Population Policies.Kalpana Wilson - 2018 - Feminist Review 119 (1):89-105.
    This article addresses India's contemporary population control policies and practices as a form of gender violence perpetrated by the state and transnational actors against poor, Adivasi and Dalit women. It argues that rather than meeting the needs and demands of these women for access to safe contraception that they can control, the Indian state has targeted them for coercive mass sterilisations and unsafe injectable contraceptives. This is made possible by the long-term construction of particular women's lives as devalued and disposable, (...)
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  42.  25
    The Ethics of the Reuse of Disposable Medical Supplies.Anjan Kumar Das, Taketoshi Okita, Aya Enzo & Atsushi Asai - 2020 - Asian Bioethics Review 12 (2):103-116.
    The use of single-use items is now ubiquitous in medical practice. Because of the high costs of these items, the practice of reusing them after sterilisation is also widespread especially in resource-poor economies. However, the ethics of reusing disposable items remain unclear. There are several analogous conditions, which could shed light on the ethics of reuse of disposables. These include the use of restored kidney transplantation and the use of generic drugs etc. The ethical issues include the question of (...)
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  43.  26
    Mandatory vaccination and the ‘seat belt analogy’ argument: a critical analysis in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic.Iñigo de Miguel Beriain - 2022 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 25 (2):219-224.
    The seat belt analogy argument is aimed at furthering the success of coercive vaccination efforts on the basis that the latter is similar to compulsory use of seat belts. However, this article demonstrated that this argument does not work so well in practice due to several reasons. The possibility of saving resources in health care does not usually apply in our societies, and the paternalist mentality that contributed to the implementation of seat belt–wearing obligation was predominant 30 years ago, but (...)
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  44.  42
    Determinants of contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Great Britain and Germany I: demographic factors.B. J. Oddens & P. Lehert - 1997 - Journal of Biosocial Science 29 (4):415-435.
    Multifactorial analyses of data from representative British and German national contraception surveys were used to examine the principal demographic determinants of contraceptive use by women. Contraceptive use appeared to be determined mainly by reference to ‘reproductive status’. Women who were postponing pregnancies were using oral contraceptives, whereas those who wanted no more children relied more on intrauterine devices or sterilisation. Differences between the countries suggested that the choice of contraceptive method was influenced by health care policy, the organisation of (...)
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  45. The Case of Heinrich Wilhelm Poll : A German-Jewish Geneticist, Eugenicist, Twin Researcher, and Victim of the Nazis.James Braund & Douglas G. Sutton - 2008 - Journal of the History of Biology 41 (1):1-35.
    This paper uses a reconstruction of the life and career of Heinrich Poll as a window into developments and professional relationships in the biological sciences in Germany in the period from the beginning of the twentieth century to the Nazi seizure of power in 1933. Poll's intellectual work involved an early transition from morphometric physical anthropology to comparative evolutionary studies, and also found expression in twin research - a field in which he was an acknowledged early pioneer. His advocacy of (...)
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  46.  12
    Les menaces de l'« espéranglais ».Charles Durand - 2004 - Hermes 40:222.
    Cette communication examine les problèmes associés à l'usage de l'anglais comme un néoespéranto contemporain. Toutefois, l'anglais ne présente aucune des caractéristiques d'une langue internationale planifiée et son usage fait automatiquement retomber les organisations internationales qui l'utilisent comme langue de travail sous la houlette d'anglophones natifs. D'autre part, pour les natifs des autres langues, la perte des outils de définition et de représentation des connaissances stérilise leur créativité et les entraîne dans un conformisme réducteur, qui accélère leur déclin. La prise de (...)
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  47.  33
    Le retour au roman : Lukács dans les années 1930.Guillaume Fondu - 2021 - Actuel Marx 69 (1):31-43.
    Cet article analyse le sens que prend, dans l’activité théorique de Lukács des années 1930, la notion de narration, cruciale dans ses travaux ultérieurs. On y fait l’hypothèse que c’est l’événement révolutionnaire russe et ses suites qui posent directement la question du statut de la narration dans le discours politique révolutionnaire et tous les problèmes liés : continuité historique et importance de l’héritage, point de vue de l’écriture de l’histoire, etc. Lukács partage ce questionnement avec les théoriciens du réalisme socialiste, (...)
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  48.  89
    The sex reform movement and eugenics in interwar Poland.Magdalena Gawin - 2008 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 39 (2):181-186.
    This paper focuses on the relations between a liberal group of sex reformers, consisting of writers and literary critics, and physicians from the Polish Eugenics Society in interwar Poland. It illustrates the paradoxes of the mutual co-operation between these two groups during the 1930s and analyses the reason why compulsory sterilisation was rejected by politicians. From the early 1930s two movements began to forge an alliance in Poland: the sexual reform movement which advocated freedom of the individual, and eugenics, (...)
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  49.  26
    Penser l’iconotexte de l’effondrement : une image de l’imminence.Laurent Gerbier & Raphaële Bertho - 2019 - Multitudes 76 (3):114-119.
    Comment figurer visuellement les effets des bouleversements qui marquent notre entrée collective dans l’Anthropocène? Comment saisir l’imminence de ces transformations, sans verser dans une forme de voyeurisme de la catastrophe qui, en se soumettant aux formes du spectaculaire, stérilise toute forme d’action efficace au lieu de la favoriser? Peut-être en cherchant des images en creux, des images inquiètes, incomplètes, qui suscitent l’interrogation et l’exercice projectif de la pensée et de l’imagination : des images qui ne représentent pas les effets des (...)
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  50.  35
    Determinants of contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Great Britain and Germany II: psychological factors.B. J. Oddens - 1997 - Journal of Biosocial Science 29 (4):437-470.
    Psychological determinants of contraceptive use were investigated in Great Britain and Germany, using national data obtained in 1992. It was hypothesised that current contraceptive use among sexually active, fertile women aged 15-45 was related to their attitude towards the various contraceptive methods, social influences, perceptions of being able to use a method correctly and consistently, a correct estimation of fertility, and communication with their partner. Effects of age and country were also taken into account.The attitude of respondents towards the various (...)
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