49 found
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  1.  7
    Science and British Liberalism : Locke, Bentham, Mill, and Popper.Struan Jacobs - 1991 - Ashgate Publishing.
    The thinking of these philosophers is examined to assess the extent to which science affected their theories of social and political life. The book shows that the general notion of English liberalism being grounded in science is incorrect. It offers a broad study of the interface between theories of science and liberal political thought and sheds new light on the four philosophers.
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  2.  90
    John Stuart mill on induction and hypotheses.Struan Jacobs - 1991 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 29 (1):69-83.
    A study of the development of Mill's thought through successive editions of _A System of Logic. His view of the genesis of most scientific laws, it is argued, progressively shifted from inductivism to hypothetico-deductivism. Mill's analysis of hypotheses and of methods for their assessment is considered in detail. New light is shed on relations between Mill's metascience and that of William Whewell.
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  3.  27
    Polanyi's presagement of the incommensurability concept.Struan Jacobs - 2002 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 33 (1):101-116.
    Kuhn and Feyerabend have little to say about the thought of Michael Polanyi, and the secondary literature on Polanyi's relation to them is meagre. I argue that Polanyi's view, in Personal knowledge and in other writings, of conceptual frameworks ‘segregated’ by a ‘logical gap’ as giving rise to controversies in science foreshadowed Kuhn and Feyerabend's theme of incommensurability. The similarity between the thinkers is, I suggest, no coincidence.
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  4.  28
    Michael Polanyi and Thomas Kuhn: Priority and Credit.Struan Jacobs - 2006 - Tradition and Discovery 33 (2):25-36.
    The article argues that Polanyi was a likely source of influence on the theory of science that Kuhn developed in his The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. The striking similarity between Kuhn’s idea ofincommuensurability and Polanyi’s rendering of scientific controversy in Personal Knowledge is featured here, and is used to expose a tension between Polanyi's notions of scientific controversy and unfolding truth.
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  5.  25
    Thomas Kuhn’s Memory.Struan Jacobs - 2009 - Intellectual History Review 19 (1):83-101.
  6.  98
    Rationalism and tradition: The Popper–Oakeshott conversation.Struan Jacobs & Ian Tregenza - 2014 - European Journal of Political Theory 13 (1):3-24.
    In 1948 Karl Popper sent a copy of his paper, ‘Utopia and Violence’, to Michael Oakeshott. Popper had recently read Oakeshott’s essay ‘Rationalism in Politics’, appreciating its relevance to views he had expressed in The Open Society. Oakeshott wrote to Popper at some length, explaining his thoughts about reason, tradition and kindred matters, to which Popper responded. This paper reproduces these letters and discusses them with reference to pertinent writings of Popper and Oakeshott. While showing there was much common ground (...)
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  7.  27
    Michael Polanyi, tacit cognitive relativist.Struan Jacobs - 2001 - Heythrop Journal 42 (4):463–479.
    Celebrated as a theorist of science, and a source of stimulating ideas for theologians and philosophers of religion, Michael Polanyi explicitly denied cognitive relativism. Yet cognitive relativism, this paper suggests, is implied by Polanyi's account of conceptual frameworks and intellectual controversies.In ‘The Stability of Beliefs’ Polanyi understands conceptual frameworks as embedded in, and as expressed in the use of, their own languages. The language‐with‐theory limits the range of discussable subjects, interprets relevant facts in its own terms, permits only certain questions (...)
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  8. Two Sources of Michael Polanyi's Prototypal Notion of Incommensurability: Evans-Pritchard on Azande Witchcraft and St Augustine on Conversion.Struan Jacobs - 2003 - History of the Human Sciences 16 (2):57-76.
    Michael Polanyi argues in Personal Knowledge (1958) that conceptual frameworks involved in major scientific controversies are separated by a `logical gap'. Such frameworks, according to Polanyi (1958: 151), are logically disconnected: their protagonists think differently, use different languages and occupy different worlds. Relinquishing one framework and adopting another, Polanyi's scientist undergoes a `conversion' to a new `faith'. Polanyi, in other words, presaged Kuhn and Feyerabend's concept of incommensurability. To what influences was Polanyi subject as he developed his concept of the (...)
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  9.  14
    Michael Polanyi on the education and knowledge of scientists.Struan Jacobs - 2000 - Science & Education 9 (3):309-320.
  10.  64
    Spontaneous order: Michael Polanyi and Friedrich Hayek.Struan Jacobs - 2000 - Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 3 (4):49-67.
    This paper compares Hayek and Polanyi on spontaneous social order. Although Hayek is widely believed to have first both coined the name and explicated the idea of ?spontaneous order?, it is in fact Michael Polanyi who did so. Numerous differences emerge between the two thinkers. The characterisation of spontaneous order in Hayek, for example, involves different types of freedom to those advanced by Polanyi. Whereas Hayek (usually) portrays spontaneous order as a single entity, which is equivalent to free society as (...)
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  11.  62
    Locke, McCann, and voluntarism.Struan Jacobs & Allan McNeish - 1997 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 78 (4):349–362.
    Locke scholars continue to disagree over how he analyzed natural laws, real essence-power relations in physical substances. Some say he regarded them as emanations, necessitated by the corpuscular structure of real essences; for others his laws are adventitious, imposed on substances by God and contingent on divine alterable will. The second view has been increasingly favored in recent years, assisted no doubt by Edwin McCann's potent case for it in "Lockean Mechanism" (1985). The present article, whose authors are sympathetic to (...)
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  12.  96
    Michael Polanyi and Spontaneous Order, 1941-1951.Struan Jacobs - 1997 - Tradition and Discovery 24 (2):14-28.
    Polanyi’s theory of spontaneous order is set in historical context, analyzed, and compared to Friedrich Hayek’s version.
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  13.  43
    The genesis of 'scientific community'.Struan Jacobs - 2001 - Social Epistemology 16 (2):157 – 168.
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  14.  14
    Bentham, science and the construction of jurisprudence.Struan Jacobs - 1990 - History of European Ideas 12 (5):583-594.
  15. Sociology as a source of anomaly in Thomas Kuhn's system of science.Struan Jacobs & Brian Mooney - 1997 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 27 (4):466-485.
    It is a testimony to the enduring importance of Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions that, 30 years on, its doctrines of normal science and paradigm, incommensurability and revolution continue to challenge metascien tists and stimulate vigorous debate. Critique has mainly come from philosophers and historians; by and large, interested sociologists have embraced Kuhn. Un justifiably so, this article argues, bringing to light a serious difficulty or "anom aly" in his account of the social side of science. Contrary to (...)
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  16.  24
    The genesis of 'scientific community'.Struan Jacobs - 2002 - Social Epistemology 16 (2):157-168.
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  17. Emotion, Reason and Tradition: Essays on the Social, Political and Economic Thought of Michael Polanyi.Struan Jacobs & R. Allen - 2005 - Appraisal 5.
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  18.  22
    Tradition in a Free Society: The Fideism of Michael Polanyi and the Rationalism of Karl Popper.Struan Jacobs - 2009 - Tradition and Discovery 36 (2):8-25.
    Michael Polanyi and Karl Popper offer contrasting accounts of social tradition. Popper is steeped in the heritage of the Enlightenment, while Polanyi interweaves religious and diverse secular strands of thought. Explaining the liberal tradition, Polanyi features tacit knowledge of rules, standards, applications and interpretations being transmitted by “craftsmen” to “apprentices.” Each generation adopts the liberal tradition on “faith,” commits to creatively developing its art of knowledge-in-practice, and is drawn to the spiritual reality of ideal ends. Of particular interest to Popper (...)
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  19.  36
    Friedrich Hayek and Michael Polanyi in Correspondence.Struan Jacobs & Phil Mullins - 2016 - History of European Ideas 42 (1):107-130.
    SummaryFriedrich Hayek and Michael Polanyi corresponded with each other for the best part of thirty years. They had shared interests that included science, social science, economics, epistemology, history of ideas and political philosophy. Studying their correspondence and related writings, this article shows that Hayek and Polanyi were committed Liberals but with different understandings of liberty, the forces that endanger liberty, and the policies required to rescue it.
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  20.  34
    Faith, tradition, and dynamic order: Michael Polanyi's liberal thought from 1941 to 1951.Struan Jacobs & Phil Mullins - 2008 - History of European Ideas 34 (1):120-131.
    In his writings between 1941 and 1951, Michael Polanyi developed a distinctive view of liberal social and political life. Planned organizations are a part of all modern societies, according to Polanyi, but in liberal modernity he highlighted dynamic social orders whose agents freely adjust their efforts in light of the initiatives and accomplishments of their peers. Liberal society itself is the most extensive of dynamic orders, with the market economy, and cultural orders of scientific research, Protestant religious inquiry, and common (...)
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  21. Michael Polanyi and Karl Mannheim.Phil Mullins & Struan Jacobs - 2005 - Tradition and Discovery 32 (1):20-43.
    This essay reviews historical records that set forth the discussions and interaction of Michael Polanyi and Karl Mannheim/rom 1944 until Mannheim’s death early in 1947. The letters describe Polanyi’s effort to assemble a book to be published in a series edited by Manneheim. Theyalso reveal the different perspectives these thinkers took about freedom and the historical context of ideas. Records of J.H. Oldham’s discussion group “the Moot” suggest that these and other differences in philosophy were debated in meetings of “the (...)
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  22.  57
    Limits to problem solving in science.Struan Jacobs - 2001 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 15 (3):231 – 242.
    Popper, Polanyi and Duncker represent the widely held position that theoretical and experimental scientific research are motivated by problems to which discoveries are solutions. According to the argument here, their views are unsupported and - in light of counter-instances, anomalous chance discoveries, and the force of curiosity - over-generalized.
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  23. Michael Polanyi and Karl Popper: the fraying of a long-standing acquaintance.Struan Jacobs & Phil Mullins - 2011 - Tradition and Discovery 38 (2):61-93.
     
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  24.  6
    Michael Polanyi’s Understanding of Totalitarianism Against the Backdrop of Liberal Civilization.Struan Jacobs - 2024 - In Péter Hartl (ed.), Science, Faith, Society: New Essays on the Philosophy of Michael Polanyi. Springer Verlag. pp. 209-231.
    Having watched totalitarianism emerge in its left-wing (Russian Soviet) and right-wing (Nazi) forms, Michael Polanyi devoted considerable attention to analysing totalitarianism in its development, makeup and mode of operation. At the same time as he developed his account of totalitarianism incrementally he pieced together his picture of liberalism. His fundamental insight is that while liberal civilization is dedicated to protecting, and is animated by, a set of ideals that includes freedom, truth, toleration, equality and justice, totalitarian regimes aim at erasing (...)
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  25. Abilita artigianale, conoscenza tacita e altri elementi della praica: la prospettiva di Michael Polanyi.Struan Jacobs - 2004 - Discipline Filosofiche 14 (1):101-118.
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  26.  32
    Anthropological Materials in the Making of Michael Polanyi’s Metascience.Struan Jacobs & Phil Mullins - 2017 - Perspectives on Science 25 (2):261-285.
    Anthropological discussions were important for Michael Polanyi in the middle phase of his intellectual career, in which he articulated in some detail his understanding of science, culture and society. This middle period commenced with his 1946 Riddell Memorial Lectures at Durham University in early 1946, published as Science, Faith and Society later that year, and extended through the publication of Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy in 1958, based on Polanyi’s 1951 and 1952 Gifford Lectures. The Riddell Lectures gave Polanyi’s (...)
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  27.  23
    (1 other version)Brains/practices/relativism: social theory after cognitive science/Stephen Turner.Struan Jacobs - 2004 - Tradition and Discovery 31 (2):49-50.
  28.  11
    C. P. Snow’s The Two Cultures: Michael Polanyi’s Response and Context.Struan Jacobs - 2011 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 31 (3):172-178.
    C. P. Snow’s “The Two Cultures” controversially contrasted science and literature, suggesting that neither scientists nor literary intellectuals have much in common with, and seldom bother speaking to, the other. Responding to Snow, Michael Polanyi argued that specialization has made modern culture, not twofold but manifold. In his major work, Personal Knowledge, Polanyi explained that branches of modern culture have personal knowing and knowledge in common, and there is extensive cross-pollination of ideas. He also, in this book, saw the branches (...)
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  29. (1 other version)Edward Shils' theory of tradition.Struan Jacobs - 2007 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 37 (2):139-162.
    Edward Shils presented his book Tradition (1981) as the first extensive study of the subject. This article casts light on Shils' multifaceted understanding of tradition, comprising pragmatic, Burkean, veridical, and evolutionist perspectives. His typology of traditions is noted, and his view of institutional bearers of tradition described. In assessing Shils' theory, however, we find that it overreaches, collapsing differences that exist between traditions, transmissions, and the traditional. Key Words: tradition • transmission • rationalization • antitradition • science.
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  30.  61
    From Logic to Liberty: Theories of Knowledge in Two Works of John Stuart Mill.Struan Jacobs - 1986 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 16 (4):751 - 767.
    This paper is designed to reinterpret and clarify John Stuart Mill's ideas on science. Past discussions of these ideas strike me as unsatisfactory in two crucial respects. In the first place they have encouraged us to regard Mill's principal work on epistemology, A System of Logic, as fundamentally inductivist This is the received interpretation of Mill's Logic and one finds it summarized and affirmed in the remark of Laurens Laudan that 'by and large' Mill was 'a rather orthodox inductivist who (...)
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  31.  68
    J. B. Conant's other assistant: Science as depicted by Leonard K. Nash, including reference to Thomas Kuhn.Struan Jacobs - 2010 - Perspectives on Science 18 (3):328-351.
    Born in 1918 in New York, awarded a doctorate in analytical chemistry (1944), Leonard K. Nash enjoyed a distinguished career at Harvard, holding a chair of chemistry from 1959 to 1986. Conducting research in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, Nash authored successful textbooks, some of which remain in print (e.g. Elements of Chemical Thermodynamics, and Elements of Statistical Thermodynamics).This essay describes the theory of science that Nash developed in a book he published in 1963, The Nature of the Natural Sciences. The (...)
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  32.  17
    Life among the Scientists: An Anthropological Study of an Australian Scientific CommunityMax Charlesworth Lyndsay Farrall Terry Stokes David Turnbull.Struan Jacobs - 1991 - Isis 82 (3):602-602.
  33.  14
    Laws of Nature, Corpuscules, and Concourse.Struan Jacobs - 1994 - Journal of Philosophical Research 19:373-393.
    It has been said that Robert Boyle gave in the century of The Scientific Revolution the “fullest expression” of the view that laws of nature are continually impressed by God (“occasionalism”). So regarded, the universe is anything but an autonomous machine, its ordered operation depending on God’s continuous imposition of lawful, patterned relations between phenomena and his continuous provision of motion for them to actually enter relations. The present paper contests this treatment of Boyle. Evidence is elicited to show that, (...)
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  34.  36
    Otto Neurath: Marxist Member of the Vienna Circle.Struan Jacobs & Karl-Heinz Otto - unknown
  35.  45
    Post‐liberalism vs. temperate liberalism.Struan Jacobs - 1990 - Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society 4 (3):365-375.
    John Gray's recent critique of liberalism, and his case for an apparently relativistic ?post?Pyrrhonian?; political philosophy, are shown to be wanting. Weaknesses in Gray's critique are identified and discussed: the characterization of liberalism as universally prescriptive, confusion about whether liberalism is a genuine tradition, and misunderstanding of the relation between conduct and the value of freedom. A formulation of liberalism that is not universalist ("temperate?; liberalism) is offered, and it is shown that one of liberalism's vital concerns?controlling political power in (...)
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  36.  68
    Relations between Karl Popper and Michael Polanyi.Struan Jacobs & Phil Mullins - 2011 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 42 (3):426-435.
  37.  12
    Recovering the Thought of Edward Shils.Struan Jacobs - 2021 - Tradition and Discovery 47 (3):4-13.
    This article provides an extended review of The Calling of Social Thought, a collection of essays about the thought of social theorist Edward Shils. The article includes preliminary observations about Shils’ life and work, brief summaries of the essays included in the collection, and several suggestions aimed at encouraging additional study of Shils’ writings.
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  38.  27
    Sociology as a Serious Source of Anomaly in Thomas Kuhn's System of Science.Struan Jacobs & T. Brian Mooney - unknown
    It is a testimony to the enduring importance of Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions that, 30 years on, its doctrines of normal science and paradigm, incommensurability and revolution continue to challenge metascien tists and stimulate vigorous debate. Critique has mainly come from philosophers and historians; by and large, interested sociologists have embraced Kuhn. Un justifiably so, this article argues, bringing to light a serious difficulty or anom aly in his account of the social side of science. Contrary to (...)
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  39.  35
    Tilley and Popper's alleged historicism.Struan Jacobs - 1983 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 13 (2):203-205.
  40.  43
    The life of a renaissance man: Michael Polanyi.Struan Jacobs - 2006 - Sophia 45 (1):117-120.
  41.  15
    Thoughts on Political Sources of Karl Popper’s Philosophy of Science.Struan Jacobs - 1999 - Journal of Philosophical Research 24:445-457.
    How did Karl Popper arrive at his theory of science? Popper believed that Einstein’s general theory of relativity and his attitudes of modesty and self-criticism were all important.This paper challenges details in Popper’s account and suggests an alternative interpretation of the formation of his theory. It is held that his disillusionment with Marxism predated and conditioned his understanding of Einstein, and that the liberalism of J. S. Mill may have exercised an influence. Political ideas and practice paved the way for (...)
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  42.  61
    Vindicating Universalism.Struan Jacobs - 1989 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 19 (1):75-80.
  43.  32
    Book reviews. [REVIEW]Lorraine Code, Struan Jacobs, Deepanwita Dasgupta, Charles R. Twardy & Rafaela Hillerbrand - 2008 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 22 (1):97 – 114.
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  44. Book review: Rhetoric and incommensurability, Randy Allen Harris (Ed.). [REVIEW]Struan Jacobs - 2008 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 22 (1):100-103.
     
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  45.  23
    Classical and Conservative Liberalism: Burke, Hayek, Polanyi and Others. [REVIEW]Struan Jacobs - 1999 - Tradition and Discovery 26 (1):5-15.
    An extended discussion of Richard Allen’s Beyond Liberalism: The Political Thought of F. A. Hayek & Michael Polanyi in which the book’s prominent themes and arguments are described, and certain inaccuracies and shortcomings noted.
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  46.  12
    (1 other version)Stephan Turner's essay “Making the Tacit Explicit” recently appeared online in Journal of the Theory of Social Behavior (DOI: 10.1111/j. 1468-5914.2012. 00500. x) and will soon be available in the print version of the journal. [REVIEW]Struan Jacobs - 2012 - Journal of Philosophical Research 37:313-335.
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  47.  23
    Book Reviews : James F. Harris, Against Relativism: A Philosophical Defence of Method. Open Court Press, Lasalle, IL, 1992. Pp. xvii, 223. Cloth, $54.95; Paper, $19.95 (Canadian dollars. [REVIEW]Patrick J. J. Phillips, Struan Jacobs & Jocelyn Dunphy-Blomfield - 1997 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 27 (2):239-249.
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  48.  13
    Book Review: Conquest of Abundance: A Tale of Abstraction Versus the Richness of Being. [REVIEW]Struan Jacobs - 2006 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 36 (3):386-389.
  49.  37
    Book reviews. [REVIEW]Susan Tridgell, Reg Naulty, Robert Larmer, Jennifer Welchman, Struan Jacobs, Christopher Lundgren, Adrian Walsh, John Makeham & Muhammad Kamal - 2004 - Sophia 43 (2):129-147.
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