In the paper the contextual realism of H. Putnam's is briefly presented and accepted as an explanatory framework in which both science and every day experience are interpreted. Furthermore, a model of science as an experimental dialogue (A. Koyr) is explored. In the final section of the paper three scientific traditions: Platonic, Aristotelian, and Archimedean are recapitulated (O. Pedersen).

In the paper the conception of Cosmological Research Tradition, founded on the methodology of scientific research tradition introduced by L. Laudan, is proposed. A brief remark of the status of various problems in the domain of philosophy of science is also given.

The paper presents some methodological and meta-methodological aspects of modern cosmology. Particular attention is given to the „fine” structure of the cosmological research tradition, interpreted here as a methodological model of cosmology.

In the paper the scientific realism of E. McMullin is presented. Brief remarks on the criterion of the existence of the hidden structure of reality and on the question of truth in the context of realism are also given.

During the last two decades, the literature in management studies has shown a significant increase in interest in the theory of business models, and there has been wide-ranging discussion about the definitions of those models. These studies and discussions have provoked questions about the scientific nature of the foundations of business models. This article attempts to verify whether the proposed constructions of business models meet the objectives of abduction, which is, according to the methodology of science, one of the recognised (...) methods to verify the scientific nature of created theories. The verification was performed by using the method of the Scientific Research Tradition by Larry Laudan. The result unequivocally confirmed that the theory of business models that is created and defined based on management sciences falls under the scope of ScRT. It can be said that according to the methodology of science, the business models theory proposed on the basis of management science points to abduction as a tool that allows for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of formation and opens a new way of interpretation than is the case when using deduction or induction. (shrink)

After the publication of Sidereus Nuncius, in the controversy with Ch. Scheiner, Galileo developed several arguments on behalf of the hypothesis that sunspots are contiguous to the surface of the Sun, and presented them in his Istoria e dimostrazioni intorno alle macchie solari e loro accidenti. One of them, named by Galileo a Practical Method, advocates very clearly the correctness of the hypothesis. In the paper the method in question is briefly described. It is argued that the Practical Method is (...) not a thought experiment, but rather a mental model proposed precisely in order to solve the problem of sunspots’ location. (shrink)

This paper presents an attempt to describe Józef Tischner’s philosophy of drama from the point of view of Larry Laudan’s philosophy of science. That is achieved with the help of the concept of Philosophical Research Traditions developed in the paper. A~certain conceptual problem of Tischner’s philosophy, and some future research topics are also presented.