XAVIER, Joelma Aparecida dos Santos. A disciplina de Cultura Religiosa na PUC Minas : aspectos fenomenológicos e éticos como tópos privilegiado do diálogo. Dissertação (Mestrado) 2013. 96p. - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Belo Horizonte.
The Pastoral Constitution, Gaudium et Spes, is a key document for fundamental theology. In it, for the first time, the Church openly discusses the anthropological question as a specific theme. It explains what Christian anthropology is and in what way the mystery of Christ sheds light on the mystery of man. From the point of view of fundamental theology, the document shows how theological reason is closely related to anthropological meaning. It takes note of the potential mediatory role of anthropology (...) in a dialogue between faith and reason in the modern world. (shrink)
The article aims to reconstruct the seventeenth-century debate of the scientific nature of mathematics and the possibility of conceiving an idea of a positive infinite to address the philosophical implications of mathematics in Spinoza’s work, emphasizing the geometric ordering in his Ethics. We will approach the mathematical thinking of that philosopher from three perspectives: the pedagogical, the epistemological and the ontological. In the pedagogical sense, his synthetic geometry aims to inhabit the evidence as rhetorical and pedagogical expression of a perfect (...) and self-evident concatenation that leads the progress of the reader through philosophical propositions. In the epistemological sense, we have the aim of inhabiting the thing defined by a genetic definition that provides the very acting essence of a thing. That epistemological sense provides us the difference between a definition of a thing by its predicates or through its inner essence. And finally, in the ontological sense of inhabiting the infinite itself, because geometry can bring us the proper way to conceive the positive idea of the absolutely infinite in which we necessarily are and take part. (shrink)
L'idea di relazionare la dimensionalità dello spazio ad una legge fisica, contenuta nel primo scritto di Kant "Pensieri sulla veridica estima delle forze vive", svela un modo di guardare i rapporti tra Fisica e Matematica così nuovo ed originale che potè essere sviluppato e compreso nella sua plenitudine soltanto nel secolo XX. Ci riferiamo qui ala prospettiva aperta da Ehrenfest nel suo "In what way does it become manifest in the fundamental laws of physics that space has three dimensions?". In (...) questo saggio si cerca di comprendere alcune delle radici fisiche, filosofiche e teologiche dell’approccio di Kant a questo problema, e la sua inserzione nel dibattito delle idee che sostengono la concezione meccanicista del Mondo. In primo luogo, si sottolinea che da una lettura attenta del suo Gedanken von der wahren Schätzung der lebendigen Kräfte si può concludere che - al contrario di quanto viene normalmente creduto - Kant non riuscì a dimostrare la sua congettura che la tridimensionalità dello spazio possa essere fondata sulla legge di gravitazione di Newton, secondo la quale la forza tra due corpi va come l'inverso del quadrato della distanza che li separa; in realtà, egli si limitò a giustificare la tridimensionalità della estensione. Dopo aver considerato la distinzione fra estensione e spazio, si fa notare che la catena logica della congettura del giovane Kant, presuppone la forza come concetto basilare, intrinseco alle sostanze. È mediante questa forza che si stabiliscono le relazioni tra le sostanze, le quali, a sua volta, creano l'ordine su cui viene basato il concetto di spazio. Si deve badare che la coerenza del suo argomento richiede, in ultima analisi, concepire la percezione, cioè, l'interazione fra le sostanze e l'anima, come risultato della medesima forza di lunga portata. Inoltre, si dimostra che l'argomento di Kant non poteva essere costrutto su una intelaiatura puramente newtoniana nel 1747. Infatti, egli costruì sua dimostrazione a partire da una concezione del mondo basata sul legato di Cartesio (soprattutto l'idea di um ordine cosmico) e Leibniz (l'esistenza di una forza che precede l'estensione e l'idea di spazio relativo) alla quale sovrappone, in modo ibrido, la legge di gravitazione di Newton. Si argomenta che questa scelta fu fortemente influenzata da alcune idee teologiche del Giovane Kant che divergono da quelle di Cartesio, Newton e Leibniz. Fu questo carattere ibrido del suo approccio che permise a Kant di trattare la questione della dimensionalità dello spazio come un problema di fisica, ma, che, allo stesso tempo, a causa delle sue limitazioni intrinsiche, portò Kant a provare appena la tridimensionalità della estensione. (shrink)
In this paper we present a new framework of idealization in biology. We characterize idealizations as a network of counterfactual and hypothetical conditionals that can exhibit different “degrees of contingency”. We use this idea to say that, in departing more or less from the actual world, idealizations can serve numerous epistemic, methodological or heuristic purposes within scientific research. We defend that, in part, this structure explains why idealizations, despite being deformations of reality, are so successful in scientific practice. For illustrative (...) purposes, we provide an example from population genetics, the Wright-Fisher Model. (shrink)
A relevância deste artigo se deve ao fato de ser apriori uma leitura fenomenológica de Jesus, em sua historia singular e universal. A temática do texto apresentado diz respeito às questões relacionadas com o pensamento teológico, no diálogo com a filosofia, enfatizando fenômeno-lógicamente a historicidade de Jesus sob a perspectiva hermenêutica. Portanto, um hori-zonte analítico-filosófico se abre para a fenome-nologia do corpo de Jesus, considerando toda história, do nascimento até seu conflito na cruz, como história de amor, doação e amizade, (...) com-tinuada fenomenológica-mente em seu corpo doado. (shrink)
Among those who pay homage to Parmenides as a source of unquenchable inspiration for Western thought, we now revisit the Poem Of Nature as the birthplace of the principle of causality through the elimination of non-being at the origin of being. Indeed in Parmenides’ Poem, a negative conviction can be found—the refusal that the non-being is at the origin of the being—which leads most philosophers to the affirmative conviction that something is at the origin of the being. The two convictions (...) are two rational beliefs which have stimulated ancient Greek philosophy, and have continuously represented a structuring axis in the history of Western thought. With Aristotle, that affirmative conviction was converted into a principle of causality, that is, into a principle which requires a causal explanation for the intelligibility of reality. In Latin Middle Ages, we find a singular figure who promotes the synthesis of the two fundamental beliefs, the negative conviction, explicit in Parmenides, and the affirmative conviction, explicit in Aristotle: It is Saint Anselm. In an initial chapter of his first work, the Monologion, Anselm declares that “nothing is by nothing”, and that consequently “all that is, is not but by something”. All of Anselm’s metaphysics is an analysis and a development of this affirmative rational belief. Therefore, we claim Parmenides’ paternity of Saint Anselm’s metaphysics, of whom one may say he was the medieval Parmenides. (shrink)
O presente artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa em andamento realizada na cidade de JequiéBa, com o objetivo de problematizar a ausência de educadores do sexo masculino nas creches desse Município, sendo realizado entrevistas como as diretoras das creches e aplicado um questionário com os estudantes do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, faremos ainda uma abordagem a cerca da feminização do magistério.
The relevance of this text is characterized by the result of the relationship between Theology and Pedagogy and the attempt to think the education having the Theology as a base. The text seeks to understand the pedagogy, in the modern sense of the term, within the most genuine and highest aspect as a continuous process of living and acting according to the paradigmatic of humanity and revealing act condition. The Pedagogy, dialoguing with Theology, will find diachronic and synchronic adapting to (...) the conditions of further new frontiers and challenges of this epochal context, specially that one which affects every human being, the humanization. On this process, educators who seek the sense of being will be understood as a locus theologicus, endowed with a responsive capacity to forward and witness the fundamental values of human existence, which is so expensive on this context of globalization and nihilism. The search for meaning, spirituality and a mystique that is based on the "pedagogy of God" draws a theological-pedagogical process; hat will not leave aside the utopia of the Kingdom and the dream of a world more human. The via amoris will be humanizing way, on this process. (shrink)
Before Earthquakes in Haiti, Chile and China, with many victims and mostly poor and innocent, not a few who wonder: God is Good and Omnipotent? So why not prevent such calamities? By allowing the tragic death of so many innocents? Articulating these questions with the question of faith of God's revelation, the text presented is an attempt to say that faith in God can not be real scandal of the margin of innocent suffering, but through it. And without exhausting the (...) subject because there are no clear answers to all disaster relief of pain and suffering of human beings seek to emphasize the responsibility of Christian and human universal character, ie be in solidarity with the victims is to take from them a attitude in favor of a universal ethics of human beings. (shrink)
