Evidence suggests that perceived school culture is the most powerful predictor of teachers’ work performance. However, studies to date have paid little attention to the potential mechanisms behind this association. On the basis of the job demands–resources model, the present study explored the mediating role of affective empathy and the moderating role of job tenure in the association between perceived school culture and teachers’ work engagement. 647 primary and secondary school teachers completed questionnaires measuring perceived school culture, affective empathy, and (...) work engagement. After gender and educational level were included as covariates, the results showed that perceived school culture positively correlated with teachers’ work engagement, and more importantly, this association was partially mediated by affective empathy. In addition, job tenure significantly moderated the direct association between perceived school culture and work engagement. Specifically, there was a stronger association between perceived school culture and work engagement for teachers with shorter job tenure than those with longer job tenure. The findings suggested the direct effect of perceived school culture on work engagement, and the indirect effect of perceived school culture on work engagement through the mediating role of affective empathy. These findings enrich our understanding of how perceived school culture associates with work engagement, and highlight the moderating role of job tenure in the direct association between perceived school culture and work engagement. (shrink)

Coal mine safety management involves many interested parties and there are complex relationships between them. According to game theory, a multiparty evolutionary game model is established to analyze the selection of strategies. Then, a simplified three-party model is taken as an example to carry out detailed analysis and solution. Based on stability theory of dynamics system and phase diagram analysis, this article studies replicator dynamics of the evolutionary model to make an optimization analysis of the behaviors of those interested parties (...) and the adjustment mechanism of safety management policies and decisions. The results show how the charge of supervision of government department and inspection of coal mine enterprise impact the efficiency of safety management and the effect of constraint measures and incentive and other measures in safety management. (shrink)

ObjectiveTo explore alterations in white matter network topology in de novo Parkinson's disease patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.Materials and MethodsThis study included 171 de novo PD patients and 73 healthy controls recruited from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative database. The patients were divided into two groups, PD with probable RBD and PD without probable RBD, according to the RBD screening questionnaire. Individual structural network of brain was constructed based on deterministic fiber tracking and analyses were performed using (...) graph theory. Differences in global and nodal topological properties were analyzed among the three groups. After that, post hoc analyses were performed to explore further differences. Finally, correlations between significant different properties and RBDSQ scores were analyzed in PD-pRBD group.ResultsAll three groups presented small-world organization. PD-pRBD patients exhibited diminished global efficiency and increased shortest path length compared with PD-npRBD patients and HCs. In nodal property analyses, compared with HCs, the brain regions of the PD-pRBD group with changed nodal efficiency were widely distributed mainly in neocortical and paralimbic regions. While compared with PD-npRBD group, only increased Ne in right insula, left middle frontal gyrus, and decreased Ne in left temporal pole were discovered. In addition, significant correlations between Ne in related brain regions and RDBSQ scores were detected in PD-pRBD patients.ConclusionsPD-pRBD patients showed disrupted topological organization of white matter in the whole brain. The altered Ne of right insula, left temporal pole and left middle frontal gyrus may play a key role in the pathogenesis of PD-RBD. (shrink)

Engineering failure investigations seek to reconstruct the actual causes of major engineering failures. The investigators need to establish the existence of certain past events and the actual causal relationships that these events bear to the failures in question. In this paper, I examine one method for reconstructing the actual causes of failure events, which I call "feature dependence". The basic idea of feature dependence is that some features of an event are informative about the features of its causes; therefore, the (...) investigators can use the features of a known failure event to reconstruct details of its causes. I make explicit the structure of feature dependence and the evidential basis of its key premises, and show how feature dependence works in the investigation of the American Airlines Flight 191 accident. (shrink)

Noted logician and philosopher addresses various forms of mathematical logic, discussing both theoretical underpinnings and practical applications. After historical survey, lucid treatment of set theory, model theory, recursion theory and constructivism and proof theory. Place of problems in development of theories of logic, logic’s relationship to computer science, more. Suitable for readers at many levels of mathematical sophistication. 3 appendixes. Bibliography. 1981 edition.

本书按文章的相关相近性质分为三卷:第一卷的主要内容是专著美感教育研究和有关美学美育,现实美,自然美诸问题的文章;第二卷既有论述马克思主义经典作家关于悲剧,艺术的不朽魅力和美的规律等方面的思想的文章,又 有探讨我国古代美学思想,特别是音乐美学思想的文章,还有评述马克思主义美学家蔡仪美学思想的一组文章;第三卷的主要部分是探讨体育与美育的关系以及体育运动美的特点,种类和欣赏等问题的论著,还有关于社会主义文 学与人道主义,与人情,与意识形态性等的关系的文章.

Wang Hui asks what it means for China to be modern and for modernity to be Chinese. Is there a rupture between tradition and modernity in China? How has Confucian thought evolved? Did China become modern in the Middle Ages? A deep intellectual history, The Rise of Modern Chinese Thought revises our senses of both modernity and Chinese philosophy.

本書採取史論結合的研究方法，堅持邏輯與歷史統一的原則，從儒學發展史的角度及易學哲學的高度，提煉出陳法哲學思想研究的若干重要命題，並以此為基礎展開系統研究；同時注重研究的學理性，緊密貼近陳法思想的本原， 既深入挖掘陳法哲學思想豐富的內涵，又充分展現其獨特個性色彩。本書使陳法哲學思想的原貌得以完整呈現，為系統研究中國易學和儒學發展史，為進一步深入研究貴州地方思想文化，提供有益參考和借鑒。.

Too often Buddhism has been subjected to the Procrustean box of western thought, whereby it is stretched to fit fixed categories or had essential aspects lopped off to accommodate vastly different cultural norms and aims. After several generations of scholarly discussion in English-speaking communities, it is time to move to the next hermeneutical stage. Buddhist philosophy must be liberated from the confines of a quasi-religious stereotype and judged on its own merits. Hence this work will approach Chinese Buddhism as a (...) philosophical tradition in its own right, not as an historical after-thought nor as an occasion for comparative discussions that assume the west alone sets the standards for or is the origin of philosophy and its methodologies. Viewed within their own context, Chinese Buddhist philosophers have much to contribute to a wide range of philosophical concerns, including metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of religion, even though Western divisions of philosophy may not exhaust the rich contents of Chinese Buddhist Philosophy. (shrink)

作者通过讲述古希腊罗马哲学家丰富的思想和观点,探讨西方哲学精神的起源,揭示西方民族的精神取向,阐明西方民族思维方式的特征,帮助读者把握西方哲学的基本精神,养成理论思维的能力,培养高尚的情操,全面提高人 文素质.

Divergences and controversies are inevitable in the discussion of freedoms and rights, especially in the matter of reproduction. The Chinese first social egg freezing lawsuit raises the question: is the freedom to freeze eggs for social reasons justified because it is an instance of reproductive rights? This paper accepts social egg freezing as desirable reproductive freedom, but following Harel's approach and considering two theories of rights, the choice and interest theories of rights, we argue that social egg freezing is not (...) a reproductive right because one cannot justify a right or an instance of rights via merely describing the function of those instances that have been justified as right, that is, the choice theory lacks justifying normativity. Since reserving fertility and a suspension from reproduction do not serve reproductive ends per se, the sufficient reason for demanding social egg freezing as a right should be found in other ends rather than in right‐to‐reproduce, that is, the interest theory denies the demand as a right‐to‐reproduce. Permitting it on any grounds without guaranteeing adequate and accessible resources, especially in light of cross‐border reproductive care, raises serious questions about reproductive equality and violates the idea of reproductive rights. Therefore, any ground for social egg freezing should be weighed against whether more pressing reproductive needs, specifically those that are justified as rights, have been met. It would be social progress to shoulder these burdens for the vulnerable and then allow social egg freezing—if right‐to‐reproduce were not the only privilege of the few. (shrink)

This article uses a Chinese narrative of ‘nature-human harmony’ as the main thread to connect the contributions of ontological anthropology. I argue that the best of the critiques of nature-human or nature-culture dualism in social anthropology propose rebuilding a world that ‘pursues harmony while preserving difference’ in the double sense of nature and culture. Given that most social scientific problems are indeed related to utilitarian individualism, I argue that research on ‘ontology’ should re-engage the ancient notion of ‘ ji’, construed (...) as ‘others-comprised self’, which forms the foundation of a perspective of ‘broad human relationship’ between humans and their others (other humans, things, and divinities). Perspectivism inherits many categories of Western cosmology that it critiques and represents a kind of inert ontology. Grounded in the cosmology of life ( sheng), we hope to contribute to a new anthropology of the compatibility between self/others and subject/objects. (shrink)